Exam 4: Cell Structure and Function

Imagine that a protein molecule is to be exported from a cell. Describe the pathway that the protein takes from the point of synthesis to export.

The fluid portion of the cytoplasm of a cell is the__________ .

All the following are important functions of the cytoskeleton EXCEPT

The cell shown in this figure must be

Ribosomes are the site of __________synthesis.

Why are cells generally small?

A cell with a large number of lysosomes would most likely be very active in

Plastids are found in __________cells.

Of the items listed, which is the smallest that you can see with the unaided eye?

All of the following are characteristics of mitochondria and chloroplasts EXCEPT

What size, in diameter, are most single cells?

Fibers of the cytoskeleton are composed of primarily

Which pair of organelles is responsible for supplying energy (in the form of ATP) to eukaryotic cells?

A mutant plant cell with no chloroplasts would

The ribosomes in eukaryotic cells are larger than the ribosomes in prokaryotic cells. Furthermore, eukaryotic ribosomes are not affected by some chemicals that affect prokaryotic ribosomes, a fact that can be put to good use by microbiologists seeking new antimicrobial drugs. An example of this is the antibiotic erythromycin, which prevents protein synthesis by prokaryotic ribosomes but does not affect eukaryotic ribosomes at all. Thus, erythromycin kills bacteria but does not affect humans or other animals. Using this information, which of the following would be expected and would support the endosymbiont hypothesis?

Cells that primarily produce steroid hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen, have large quantities of

How does a cell rid itself of defective or malfunctioning organelles?

Why is the cytoskeleton such an important structural component of cells?

Which of the following relationships is FALSE?

Treponema pallidum is the organism that causes syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease. This organism moves around freely, making it well adapted to traveling within bodily fluids and being spread from host to host during intimate contact. It possesses a single chromosome and has relatively few genes. The overall shape of this single-celled organism is similar to a corkscrew, with many twists and turns along its length. Based on this information, Treponema is most likely what type of cell?