Question 1

A random change in a DNA nucleotide base sequence

Accepted Answer

A)  is never apparent in the organism. 
B)  always kills the cell. 
C)  represents a mutation. 
D)  cannot have an influence on genetic variation. 
E)  is never beneficial to the organism. 
A)  is never apparent in the organism. 
B)  always kills the cell. 
C)  represents a mutation. 
D)  cannot have an influence on genetic variation. 
E)  is never beneficial to the organism. C

Question 2

The site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm is the ribosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Ribosomes are a collection of

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins and small RNAs that function in translation. 
B)  small proteins that function in translation. 
C)  proteins and mRNAs that function in translation. 
D)  proteins and tRNAs that function in transcription. 
E)  mRNAs and tRNAs that function in translation. 
A)  proteins and small RNAs that function in translation. 
B)  small proteins that function in translation. 
C)  proteins and mRNAs that function in translation. 
D)  proteins and tRNAs that function in transcription. 
E)  mRNAs and tRNAs that function in translation. A

Question 4

The ʺone-gene, one-enzymeʺ hypothesis concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)  each allele codes for a single type of protein. 
B)  only certain genes function in cells. 
C)  specific enzymes give rise to specific genes. 
D)  enzymes regulate gene activity. 
E)  DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein. 
A)  each allele codes for a single type of protein. 
B)  only certain genes function in cells. 
C)  specific enzymes give rise to specific genes. 
D)  enzymes regulate gene activity. 
E)  DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein.

Question 5

A codon of mRNA consists of three bases that code for an amino acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The function of the promoter is to signal the RNA polymerase

Accepted Answer

A)  which strand of the DNA to read. 
B)  where to start transcribing the DNA. 
C)  where to add the first amino acid to the protein. 
D)  where to start translating the DNA. 
A)  which strand of the DNA to read. 
B)  where to start transcribing the DNA. 
C)  where to add the first amino acid to the protein. 
D)  where to start translating the DNA.

Question 7

In eukaryotes, a promoter that signals the beginning of the gene and binds with the promoter typically consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA and tRNA. 
B)  the bases TATAAA and response elements. 
C)  both DNA and RNA. 
D)  the base sequence AUG and transcription factor binding sites. 
A)  rRNA and tRNA. 
B)  the bases TATAAA and response elements. 
C)  both DNA and RNA. 
D)  the base sequence AUG and transcription factor binding sites.

Question 8

If a bacterial protein is made from 30 amino acids, how many nucleotides are needed to code for its production?

Accepted Answer

A)  120 
B)  30 
C)  600 
D)  60 
E)  90 
A)  120 
B)  30 
C)  600 
D)  60 
E)  90

Question 9

How many consecutive mRNA bases are needed to specify an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  3 
C)  20 
D)  64 
A)  4 
B)  3 
C)  20 
D)  64

Question 10

Which of the following synthesizes RNA molecules in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Messenger RNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  Ribosomal RNA 
D)  Transfer RNA 
E)  RNA polymerase 
A)  Messenger RNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  Ribosomal RNA 
D)  Transfer RNA 
E)  RNA polymerase

Question 11

Steroid hormones have the ability to regulate transcription.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following binds to codons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Messenger RNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  Transfer RNA 
A)  Messenger RNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  Transfer RNA

Question 13

The process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA is called

Accepted Answer

A)  replication. 
B)  transcription. 
C)  translation. 
D)  transformation. 
A)  replication. 
B)  transcription. 
C)  translation. 
D)  transformation.

Question 14

Messenger RNA is single-stranded.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A random change in the DNA nucleotide base sequence is called a _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A random change in the DNA nucleotide...

Question 16

Which of the following is found in RNA but NOT in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uracil 
B)  Deoxyribose 
C)  Phosphate groups 
D)  Adenine 
E)  Thymine 
A)  Uracil 
B)  Deoxyribose 
C)  Phosphate groups 
D)  Adenine 
E)  Thymine

Question 17

The manufacture of proteins from RNA and amino acids is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transformation. 
D)  activation. 
E)  replication. 
A)  transcription. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transformation. 
D)  activation. 
E)  replication.

Question 18

Which of the following occurs in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both translation and replication of genetic material 
B)  Translation only 
C)  Both transcription and replication of genetic material 
D)  Transcription only 
E)  Replication of genetic material only 
A)  Both translation and replication of genetic material 
B)  Translation only 
C)  Both transcription and replication of genetic material 
D)  Transcription only 
E)  Replication of genetic material only

Question 19

A tRNA molecule brings_________ to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  an amino acid 
B)  a polypeptide 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  mRNA 
A)  an amino acid 
B)  a polypeptide 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  mRNA

Question 20

A ʺmini-geneʺ has the base sequence TACCCGTGCACG. If the T at the beginning of the sequence is deleted, what will be the consequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase will correct the deletion, and a normal protein will be produced. 
B)  The first nucleotide is always replaced anyway, so there will be no change. 
C)  RNA polymerase will skip that codon, but all the others will be read normally. 
D)  Only the amino acid coded for in that codon will be changed. 
E)  All of the codons after that point will be changed. 
A)  RNA polymerase will correct the deletion, and a normal protein will be produced. 
B)  The first nucleotide is always replaced anyway, so there will be no change. 
C)  RNA polymerase will skip that codon, but all the others will be read normally. 
D)  Only the amino acid coded for in that codon will be changed. 
E)  All of the codons after that point will be changed.

Exam 13: Gene Expression and Regulation

A random change in a DNA nucleotide base sequence

The site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm is the ribosome.

Ribosomes are a collection of

The ʺone-gene, one-enzymeʺ hypothesis concluded that

A codon of mRNA consists of three bases that code for an amino acid.

The function of the promoter is to signal the RNA polymerase

In eukaryotes, a promoter that signals the beginning of the gene and binds with the promoter typically consists of

If a bacterial protein is made from 30 amino acids, how many nucleotides are needed to code for its production?

How many consecutive mRNA bases are needed to specify an amino acid?

Which of the following synthesizes RNA molecules in the nucleus?

Steroid hormones have the ability to regulate transcription.

Which of the following binds to codons?

The process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA is called

Messenger RNA is single-stranded.

A random change in the DNA nucleotide base sequence is called a _________.

Which of the following is found in RNA but NOT in DNA?

The manufacture of proteins from RNA and amino acids is referred to as

Which of the following occurs in the nucleus?

A tRNA molecule brings_________ to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

A ʺmini-geneʺ has the base sequence TACCCGTGCACG. If the T at the beginning of the sequence is deleted, what will be the consequence?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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