Question 1

What is the ecological significance of shallow bays and coastal wetlands such as estuaries and salt marshes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are the breeding grounds for a wide variety of sea-dwelling animals. 
B)  They serve as the habitat for many endangered species. 
C)  Coral reefs occur in these areas. 
D)  They are an important source of crude oil. 
E)  They are safe from most human impact because humans do not live there. 
A)  They are the breeding grounds for a wide variety of sea-dwelling animals. 
B)  They serve as the habitat for many endangered species. 
C)  Coral reefs occur in these areas. 
D)  They are an important source of crude oil. 
E)  They are safe from most human impact because humans do not live there.

Question 2

Every year certain parts of California have fires that sweep rapidly through the area, burning or endangering homes. What type of biome is found there, and why does it burn so frequently?

Accepted Answer

This biome is chaparral. The p

Question 3

The destruction of the ozone layer is caused by a chemical reaction between UV light and

Accepted Answer

A)  methane. 
B)  nitrogen. 
C)  hydrogen sulfide. 
D)  helium. 
E)  chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). 
A)  methane. 
B)  nitrogen. 
C)  hydrogen sulfide. 
D)  helium. 
E)  chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

Question 4

If global warming makes the southeastern United States warmer but does not change the amount of rainfall, we might expect to see a shift from the present temperate deciduous forest biome to

Accepted Answer

A)  northern coniferous forest. 
B)  tropical deciduous forest. 
C)  chaparral. 
D)  alpine tundra. 
E)  tropical rain forest. 
A)  northern coniferous forest. 
B)  tropical deciduous forest. 
C)  chaparral. 
D)  alpine tundra. 
E)  tropical rain forest.

Question 5

One consequence of global warming is the melting of the glaciers and the resulting rise in sea levels. What will likely be the direct effect of this increase in sea levels on coral reefs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coral reefs in deeper waters will die because insufficient light reaches them for photosynthesis. 
B)  Coral reefs in shallow waters will grow more rapidly due to added protection against harmful UV radiation. 
C)  Productivity will increase as the pure water from the glaciers dilutes the nutrients in the sea. 
D)  Coral reefs will be stimulated to grow faster due to the dilution of the seawaterʹs salt content. 
E)  Productivity will decrease as nutrients trapped in the glacial ice are released and spread throughout the oceans by currents. 
A)  Coral reefs in deeper waters will die because insufficient light reaches them for photosynthesis. 
B)  Coral reefs in shallow waters will grow more rapidly due to added protection against harmful UV radiation. 
C)  Productivity will increase as the pure water from the glaciers dilutes the nutrients in the sea. 
D)  Coral reefs will be stimulated to grow faster due to the dilution of the seawaterʹs salt content. 
E)  Productivity will decrease as nutrients trapped in the glacial ice are released and spread throughout the oceans by currents.

Question 6

The _________zone of an open-water lake receives enough light to support photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _________zone of an open-water lake receives...

Question 7

Why is the human-caused damage to coral reefs of particular concern?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reefs are not particularly sensitive to human-caused disturbance. 
B)  Reefs function in the detoxification of marine pollutants. 
C)  The physical structure of reefs has an important influence on the movement of ocean currents. 
D)  Reefs provide food and shelter for the worldʹs most diverse collection of marine invertebrates and fish. 
E)  Reefs represent unique ecosystems that obtain energy through chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis. 
A)  Reefs are not particularly sensitive to human-caused disturbance. 
B)  Reefs function in the detoxification of marine pollutants. 
C)  The physical structure of reefs has an important influence on the movement of ocean currents. 
D)  Reefs provide food and shelter for the worldʹs most diverse collection of marine invertebrates and fish. 
E)  Reefs represent unique ecosystems that obtain energy through chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis.

Question 8

A region that has grasses as the dominant vegetation form, widely spaced trees, a short wet season, and a pronounced dry season is a _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A region that has grasses as the...

Question 9

_________trees drop their leaves in response to decreased water availability.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________trees drop their leaves in response to...

Question 10

You are called to investigate a lake in your home town, where the residents fear that a broken pipe from the local sewage treatment plant has turned the formerly pristine lake eutrophic. What three things would you measure, or observe, in the lake to determine whether it is eutrophic?

Accepted Answer

Possible options are decreased oxygen le

Question 11

Explain why it would probably be a money-losing venture to establish a plantation to grow corn in an area that used to be tropical rain forest.

Accepted Answer

The soil is infertile because the nutrie

Question 12

What is the role of the ozone layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the levels of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the upper atmosphere. 
B)  It increases the gyres. 
C)  It increases the amount of sunlight that reaches the poles. 
D)  It reduces the amount of UV light that reaches Earthʹs surface. 
E)  It increases photosynthesis in Antarctic phytoplankton. 
A)  It increases the levels of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the upper atmosphere. 
B)  It increases the gyres. 
C)  It increases the amount of sunlight that reaches the poles. 
D)  It reduces the amount of UV light that reaches Earthʹs surface. 
E)  It increases photosynthesis in Antarctic phytoplankton.

Question 13

The _________is the zone near the shore of a lake where a diverse group of organisms lives and where light and nutrients are abundant.

Accepted Answer

A)  limnetic 
B)  phytoplankton 
C)  profundal 
D)  littoral 
E)  stratification 
A)  limnetic 
B)  phytoplankton 
C)  profundal 
D)  littoral 
E)  stratification

Question 14

The most heat-tolerant organisms presently known come from

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical rain forests. 
B)  tundras. 
C)  deep-sea hydrothermal vents. 
D)  tropical deciduous forests. 
E)  chaparrals. 
A)  tropical rain forests. 
B)  tundras. 
C)  deep-sea hydrothermal vents. 
D)  tropical deciduous forests. 
E)  chaparrals.

Question 15

A_________ is a circular ocean current caused by wind and the presence of continents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A_________ is a circular ocean current caused...

Question 16

The major concentrations of life in the oceans are found in

Accepted Answer

A)  deep, large oceans due to high nutrient concentrations. 
B)  the oligotrophic zone due to clear and clean water. 
C)  the anoxic zone. 
D)  the aphotic zone due to high light levels. 
E)  regions of upwelling and in shallow coastal waters. 
A)  deep, large oceans due to high nutrient concentrations. 
B)  the oligotrophic zone due to clear and clean water. 
C)  the anoxic zone. 
D)  the aphotic zone due to high light levels. 
E)  regions of upwelling and in shallow coastal waters.

Question 17

Savannas are tropical regions characterized by scant, seasonal rainfall that supports grasses and a few drought-resistant trees.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Seasonal variations in temperature are due to the tilt of Earth on its axis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

As cities along the western coast of North America grew, people began building houses in the chaparral regions. Many homeowners have chosen to landscape with drought -resistant native plants in an effort of conserve water, a valuable resource in this dry biome. Nevertheless, the dry chaparral summer remains susceptible to fires. Nearly every year, fires sweep through the area, destroying homes, displacing people, and costing millions of dollars. What is the best solution to this problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plant species from damp areas to increase the moisture content in the area. 
B)  Plant tall-growing trees to increase shade. 
C)  Immediately extinguish all fires in this area. 
D)  Evacuate people during the fire season. 
E)  Stop building homes in fire-prone areas. 
A)  Plant species from damp areas to increase the moisture content in the area. 
B)  Plant tall-growing trees to increase shade. 
C)  Immediately extinguish all fires in this area. 
D)  Evacuate people during the fire season. 
E)  Stop building homes in fire-prone areas.

Question 20

-What biome would you expect to find at 45° N latitude and elevations of 2,500 meters?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tropical forest 
B)  Coniferous forest 
C)  Tundra 
D)  Ice and snow 
E)  Deciduous forest 
A)  Tropical forest 
B)  Coniferous forest 
C)  Tundra 
D)  Ice and snow 
E)  Deciduous forest

Exam 30: Earths Diverse Ecosystems

What is the ecological significance of shallow bays and coastal wetlands such as estuaries and salt marshes?

Every year certain parts of California have fires that sweep rapidly through the area, burning or endangering homes. What type of biome is found there, and why does it burn so frequently?

The destruction of the ozone layer is caused by a chemical reaction between UV light and

If global warming makes the southeastern United States warmer but does not change the amount of rainfall, we might expect to see a shift from the present temperate deciduous forest biome to

One consequence of global warming is the melting of the glaciers and the resulting rise in sea levels. What will likely be the direct effect of this increase in sea levels on coral reefs?

The _________zone of an open-water lake receives enough light to support photosynthesis.

Why is the human-caused damage to coral reefs of particular concern?

A region that has grasses as the dominant vegetation form, widely spaced trees, a short wet season, and a pronounced dry season is a _________.

_________trees drop their leaves in response to decreased water availability.

You are called to investigate a lake in your home town, where the residents fear that a broken pipe from the local sewage treatment plant has turned the formerly pristine lake eutrophic. What three things would you measure, or observe, in the lake to determine whether it is eutrophic?

Explain why it would probably be a money-losing venture to establish a plantation to grow corn in an area that used to be tropical rain forest.

What is the role of the ozone layer?

The _________is the zone near the shore of a lake where a diverse group of organisms lives and where light and nutrients are abundant.

The most heat-tolerant organisms presently known come from

A_________ is a circular ocean current caused by wind and the presence of continents.

The major concentrations of life in the oceans are found in

Savannas are tropical regions characterized by scant, seasonal rainfall that supports grasses and a few drought-resistant trees.

Seasonal variations in temperature are due to the tilt of Earth on its axis.

-What biome would you expect to find at 45° N latitude and elevations of 2,500 meters?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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