Question 1

Human skin color is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  simple dominance. 
B)  codominance. 
C)  sex-linked recessive inheritance. 
D)  one pair of genes showing incomplete dominance. 
E)  polygenic inheritance. 
A)  simple dominance. 
B)  codominance. 
C)  sex-linked recessive inheritance. 
D)  one pair of genes showing incomplete dominance. 
E)  polygenic inheritance.

Question 2

Which disorder is the most common chromosome anomaly among newborns?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turner syndrome 
B)  Klinefelter syndrome 
C)  Trisomy X 
D)  XYY syndrome 
E)  Down syndrome 
A)  Turner syndrome 
B)  Klinefelter syndrome 
C)  Trisomy X 
D)  XYY syndrome 
E)  Down syndrome

Question 3

The genetic makeup of an individual is the

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation. 
B)  gene pool. 
C)  phenotype. 
D)  genotype. 
E)  sex cell. 
A)  mutation. 
B)  gene pool. 
C)  phenotype. 
D)  genotype. 
E)  sex cell.

Question 4

When genes are linked, a few of the recombinant genotypes still occur in the offspring because of

Accepted Answer

A)  linkage. 
B)  independent assortment. 
C)  crossing over. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  mutation. 
A)  linkage. 
B)  independent assortment. 
C)  crossing over. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  mutation.

Question 5

Mendelʹs law of segregation states that

Accepted Answer

A)  genes in the same chromosome must stay together. 
B)  genes end up in their respective gametes by chance. 
C)  members of a pair of alleles on homologous chromosomes move away from each other during gamete formation. 
D)  each gamete receives a full complement of chromosomes. 
E)  there may be alternative forms of the same gene. 
A)  genes in the same chromosome must stay together. 
B)  genes end up in their respective gametes by chance. 
C)  members of a pair of alleles on homologous chromosomes move away from each other during gamete formation. 
D)  each gamete receives a full complement of chromosomes. 
E)  there may be alternative forms of the same gene.

Question 6

A pea plant with red flowers is test crossed; half of the resulting progeny have red flowers, whereas the other half have white flowers. The genotype of the test -crossed parent was

Accepted Answer

A)  rr. 
B)  either RR or Rr. 
C)  Rr. 
D)  RR. 
A)  rr. 
B)  either RR or Rr. 
C)  Rr. 
D)  RR.

Question 7

Imagine you do a test cross between a purple -flowered pea plant having serrated leaves (both dominant traits) and a white-flowered pea plant having smooth edges. If the purple -flowered plant is heterozygous for both traits, the expected ratio in the offspring is 1 purple -serrated:1 purple-smooth:1 white-serrated:1 white-smooth. Instead, you see 7 purple-serrated:1 purple-smooth:1 white-serrated:7 white-smooth. What is the explanation of this ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  The genes are linked. 
B)  There is incomplete dominance. 
C)  The genes are sex-linked and inherited by incomplete dominance. 
D)  There has been a mutation during the cross. 
A)  The genes are linked. 
B)  There is incomplete dominance. 
C)  The genes are sex-linked and inherited by incomplete dominance. 
D)  There has been a mutation during the cross.

Question 8

Human eye color is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  sex-linked recessive inheritance. 
B)  codominance. 
C)  polygenic inheritance. 
D)  genes and environmental effects. 
E)  simple dominance. 
A)  sex-linked recessive inheritance. 
B)  codominance. 
C)  polygenic inheritance. 
D)  genes and environmental effects. 
E)  simple dominance.

Question 9

In garden peas, the allele for tall plants is dominant over the allele for short plants. Imagine that a true-breeding tall plant is crossed with a short plant. Then one of their offspring is test crossed. Out of 20 offspring resulting from the test cross, about how many should be tall?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 
E)  5 
A)  0 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 
E)  5

Question 10

What must occur to result in linked genes not being inherited together?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes recombin

Question 11

Yellow-seeded pea plants may be homozygous or heterozygous. To find out which, cross the plants with

Accepted Answer

A)  heterozygous yellow-seeded plants. 
B)  true-breeding yellow-seeded plants. 
C)  heterozygous green-seeded plants. 
D)  true-breeding green-seeded plants. 
E)  the same genotype. 
A)  heterozygous yellow-seeded plants. 
B)  true-breeding yellow-seeded plants. 
C)  heterozygous green-seeded plants. 
D)  true-breeding green-seeded plants. 
E)  the same genotype.

Question 12

Traits controlled by sex-linked recessive genes are expressed more often in males because

Accepted Answer

A)  males always carry two copies of these genes. 
B)  all male offspring of a female carrier get the gene. 
C)  males inherit these genes from their fathers more often than their mothers. 
D)  the male has only one gene for the trait. 
E)  males get more doses of the recessive gene than do females. 
A)  males always carry two copies of these genes. 
B)  all male offspring of a female carrier get the gene. 
C)  males inherit these genes from their fathers more often than their mothers. 
D)  the male has only one gene for the trait. 
E)  males get more doses of the recessive gene than do females.

Question 13

Females always inherit sex-linked traits from their mothers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In crossing a homozygous recessive with a heterozygote, what is the chance of getting a homozygous recessive phenotype in the F1 generation?

Accepted Answer

A)  100% 
B)  25% 
C)  0% 
D)  50% 
E)  75% 
A)  100% 
B)  25% 
C)  0% 
D)  50% 
E)  75%

Question 15

A recessive allele is one

Accepted Answer

A)  that is not expressed as strongly as a dominant allele. 
B)  that appears only in a heterozygote. 
C)  that must be lethal in the homozygous condition. 
D)  that produces no effect when present in the homozygous condition. 
E)  whose effect is masked when paired with a dominant allele. 
A)  that is not expressed as strongly as a dominant allele. 
B)  that appears only in a heterozygote. 
C)  that must be lethal in the homozygous condition. 
D)  that produces no effect when present in the homozygous condition. 
E)  whose effect is masked when paired with a dominant allele.

Question 16

For which disorder can those affected be male or female?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turner syndrome 
B)  Klinefelter syndrome 
C)  Trisomy X 
D)  XYY syndrome 
E)  Down syndrome 
A)  Turner syndrome 
B)  Klinefelter syndrome 
C)  Trisomy X 
D)  XYY syndrome 
E)  Down syndrome

Question 17

What pattern of inheritance ʺbreaks the lawʺ of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

Alleles that are close togethe

Question 18

Only males can express sex-linked traits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Autosomal nondisjunction can result in

Accepted Answer

A)  Down syndrome. 
B)  XYY males. 
C)  trisomy X. 
D)  Klinefelter syndrome. 
E)  Turner syndrome. 
A)  Down syndrome. 
B)  XYY males. 
C)  trisomy X. 
D)  Klinefelter syndrome. 
E)  Turner syndrome.

Question 20

Gregor Mendel concluded that each pea has two units for each trait, and each gamete contains one unit. Mendelʹs ʺunitsʺ are now called

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription factors. 
B)  genes. 
C)  characters. 
D)  chromosomes. 
A)  transcription factors. 
B)  genes. 
C)  characters. 
D)  chromosomes.

Exam 11: Patterns of Inheritance

Human skin color is the result of

Which disorder is the most common chromosome anomaly among newborns?

The genetic makeup of an individual is the

When genes are linked, a few of the recombinant genotypes still occur in the offspring because of

Mendelʹs law of segregation states that

A pea plant with red flowers is test crossed; half of the resulting progeny have red flowers, whereas the other half have white flowers. The genotype of the test -crossed parent was

Human eye color is the result of

In garden peas, the allele for tall plants is dominant over the allele for short plants. Imagine that a true-breeding tall plant is crossed with a short plant. Then one of their offspring is test crossed. Out of 20 offspring resulting from the test cross, about how many should be tall?

What must occur to result in linked genes not being inherited together?

Yellow-seeded pea plants may be homozygous or heterozygous. To find out which, cross the plants with

Traits controlled by sex-linked recessive genes are expressed more often in males because

Females always inherit sex-linked traits from their mothers.

In crossing a homozygous recessive with a heterozygote, what is the chance of getting a homozygous recessive phenotype in the F1 generation?

A recessive allele is one

For which disorder can those affected be male or female?

What pattern of inheritance ʺbreaks the lawʺ of independent assortment?

Only males can express sex-linked traits.

Autosomal nondisjunction can result in

Gregor Mendel concluded that each pea has two units for each trait, and each gamete contains one unit. Mendelʹs ʺunitsʺ are now called

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters