Question 1

Carl Woese and his colleagues proposed the (phylum/domain/family), a taxon that contains multiple kingdoms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carl Woese and his colleagues proposed the...

Question 2

A sample is prepared using osmium tetroxide as a stain. This sample has been prepared for a(n) microscope.

Accepted Answer

A)  phase-contrast 
B)  fluorescence 
C)  atomic force 
D)  differential interference contrast 
E)  electron 
A)  phase-contrast 
B)  fluorescence 
C)  atomic force 
D)  differential interference contrast 
E)  electron

Question 3

A structure that appears in a transmission electron micrograph but is NOT actually present in the specimen is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  biofilm. 
B)  artifact. 
C)  antigen. 
D)  refraction. 
E)  mordant. 
A)  biofilm. 
B)  artifact. 
C)  antigen. 
D)  refraction. 
E)  mordant.

Question 4

Acid-fast cells such as Mycobacterium lose the color of the primary stain in the presence of hydrochloric acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Methylene blue can be used to stain DNA because it

Accepted Answer

A)  covalently bonds with DNA. 
B)  makes DNA electron dense. 
C)  forms ionic bonds with DNA. 
D)  changes the pH and therefore the structure of DNA. 
E)  is an effective fixing agent for nucleic acids. 
A)  covalently bonds with DNA. 
B)  makes DNA electron dense. 
C)  forms ionic bonds with DNA. 
D)  changes the pH and therefore the structure of DNA. 
E)  is an effective fixing agent for nucleic acids.

Question 6

Viruses are NOT included in the taxonomic scheme proposed by Carl Woese because they lack

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  lipid membranes. 
C)  cytoplasm. 
D)  genetic material. 
E)  ribosomal RNA. 
A)  proteins. 
B)  lipid membranes. 
C)  cytoplasm. 
D)  genetic material. 
E)  ribosomal RNA.

Question 7

You are shown a micrograph from a light microscope in which the specimens appear bright compared to the background. The micrograph is probably from a(n) microscope.

Accepted Answer

A)  dark-field 
B)  Nomarski 
C)  bright-field 
D)  atomic force 
E)  phase-contrast 
A)  dark-field 
B)  Nomarski 
C)  bright-field 
D)  atomic force 
E)  phase-contrast

Question 8

The three domains proposed by Carl Woese are the Archaea, the Eukarya, and the Protista.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Staining procedures called (background/negative/positive/contrasting) provide increased contrast by staining the background.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Staining procedures called (background/negative/positive/contrasting) provide increased contrast...

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct order, from largest to smallest, of the modern taxonomic hierarchy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phylum, Kingdom, Class, Domain, Order, Family, Genus, Species 
B)  Kingdom, Domain, Class, Phylum, Family, Order, Species, Genus 
C)  Class, Domain, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species 
D)  Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species 
E)  Kingdom, Family, Class, Phylum, Order, Genus, Species 
A)  Phylum, Kingdom, Class, Domain, Order, Family, Genus, Species 
B)  Kingdom, Domain, Class, Phylum, Family, Order, Species, Genus 
C)  Class, Domain, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species 
D)  Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species 
E)  Kingdom, Family, Class, Phylum, Order, Genus, Species

Question 11

Scanning tunneling microscopes map the topography of a specimen by detecting the deflection of the probe tip.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A thin film of microbes on a slide is

Accepted Answer

A)  fixation. 
B)  a smear. 
C)  agglutination. 
D)  a biopsy. 
E)  a Gram reaction. 
A)  fixation. 
B)  a smear. 
C)  agglutination. 
D)  a biopsy. 
E)  a Gram reaction.

Question 13

The limits of resolution of atomic force microscopes is in the range of

Accepted Answer

A)  meters (m). 
B)  nanometers (nm). 
C)  centimeters (cm). 
D)  millimeters (mm). 
E)  micrometers (μm). 
A)  meters (m). 
B)  nanometers (nm). 
C)  centimeters (cm). 
D)  millimeters (mm). 
E)  micrometers (μm).

Question 14

Light rays that are in phase reinforce each other and produce a brighter image.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The kingdoms included in the Linnaeus system of classification are

Accepted Answer

A)  Animalia and Plantae. 
B)  Fungi and Protista. 
C)  Prokaryotae and Protista. 
D)  Protista and Plantae. 
E)  Animalia and Prokaryotae. 
A)  Animalia and Plantae. 
B)  Fungi and Protista. 
C)  Prokaryotae and Protista. 
D)  Protista and Plantae. 
E)  Animalia and Prokaryotae.

Question 16

Discuss the ways in which light rays can be manipulated to increase resolution and/or contrast.

Accepted Answer

Light rays can be manipulated to increas

Question 17

In Gram staining, ethanol-acetone is used as a

Accepted Answer

A)  primary stain. 
B)  decolorizing agent. 
C)  mordant. 
D)  counterstain. 
E)  drying agent. 
A)  primary stain. 
B)  decolorizing agent. 
C)  mordant. 
D)  counterstain. 
E)  drying agent.

Question 18

Bacterial viruses, called (bacteriophages/serotypes/bacteriotypes), can be used to help classify different groups of bacteria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacterial viruses, called (bacteriophages/serotypes/bacteriotypes), can be used...

Question 19

The part(s) of the microscope indicated by the arrows is/are the

Accepted Answer

A)  oculars. 
B)  condenser lens. 
C)  objectives. 
D)  body. 
E)  diaphragm. 
A)  oculars. 
B)  condenser lens. 
C)  objectives. 
D)  body. 
E)  diaphragm.

Question 20

Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing?

Accepted Answer

A)  magnification; refraction of radiation 
B)  electron beams; shorter wavelength 
C)  contrast; staining techniques 
D)  dark field:high contrast 
E)  numerical aperture; curved glass 
A)  magnification; refraction of radiation 
B)  electron beams; shorter wavelength 
C)  contrast; staining techniques 
D)  dark field:high contrast 
E)  numerical aperture; curved glass

Exam 4: Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Carl Woese and his colleagues proposed the (phylum/domain/family), a taxon that contains multiple kingdoms.

A sample is prepared using osmium tetroxide as a stain. This sample has been prepared for a(n) microscope.

A structure that appears in a transmission electron micrograph but is NOT actually present in the specimen is known as a(n)

Acid-fast cells such as Mycobacterium lose the color of the primary stain in the presence of hydrochloric acid.

Methylene blue can be used to stain DNA because it

Viruses are NOT included in the taxonomic scheme proposed by Carl Woese because they lack

You are shown a micrograph from a light microscope in which the specimens appear bright compared to the background. The micrograph is probably from a(n) microscope.

The three domains proposed by Carl Woese are the Archaea, the Eukarya, and the Protista.

Staining procedures called (background/negative/positive/contrasting) provide increased contrast by staining the background.

Which of the following is the correct order, from largest to smallest, of the modern taxonomic hierarchy?

Scanning tunneling microscopes map the topography of a specimen by detecting the deflection of the probe tip.

A thin film of microbes on a slide is

The limits of resolution of atomic force microscopes is in the range of

Light rays that are in phase reinforce each other and produce a brighter image.

The kingdoms included in the Linnaeus system of classification are

Discuss the ways in which light rays can be manipulated to increase resolution and/or contrast.

In Gram staining, ethanol-acetone is used as a

Bacterial viruses, called (bacteriophages/serotypes/bacteriotypes), can be used to help classify different groups of bacteria.

The part(s) of the microscope indicated by the arrows is/are the

Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant Dna Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Aids and Other Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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