Exam 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Her pediatrician has just told Sandra that her four-year-old son, Manuel, has gained six pounds in the last year. Sandra should:

Which of the following plays a key role in planning and organizing new actions and maintaining attention to tasks?

Which of the following is a criticism related to the Montessori approach?

During the _____ substage, children begin to use language more effectively and engage in pretend play.

The inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective is known as:

Aubrey is in a school that takes into account the typical development of children within an age span, as well as the uniqueness of the child. It also emphasizes the importance of creating settings that encourage active learning and reflect the child's interests and capabilities. This view represents a _____.

Which is true of children in the preschool years?

In the areas of parenting and managing living spaces, steps can be taken to create conditions that enhance a child's safety and reduce the likelihood of injury. Give two of the suggestions given in the textbook and describe how a parent might implement those suggestions.

A national study found that _____ of children's daily caloric intake comes from restaurants.

Vygotsky believed that children build their knowledge base and skills through social interaction, and that the best education creates the social contexts for learning. His theory is called the:

Describe two current areas of controversy in early childhood education, and for each explain the conflicting positions.

_____ is a process in which nerve cells are covered and insulated with a layer of fat cells.

By the time they enter first grade, it is estimated that children know about _____ words.

According to Piaget, in the _____ stage, the young child's cognitive world is dominated by egocentrism and magical beliefs.

Guidelines established by four countries, including the United States, recommend that preschool-age children engage in _____ of physical activity per day.

Regarding _____, preschool-age children increasingly remember specific, rich details about personal past events.

Nurturing is a key aspect of the _____, which emphasizes the education of the whole child and concern for his or her physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development.

Vygotsky's view of the importance of _____ on children's development fits with the current belief that it is important to evaluate the contextual factors in learning.

Four-year-old Nathan is good at stacking his playing blocks to make tall structures. However, he still knocks them over occasionally. Which of the following is the most likely reason for this?

Which of the following BEST describes the relation between centration and conservation?