Exam 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Three-year-old Ashley is putting a jigsaw puzzle together, and, as is typical of her age, she:

The awareness that altering an object's or a substance's appearance does not change its basic properties.

A national study revealed that _____ of children's meals exceed recommendations for saturated and trans fat, which can raise cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease.

A sensitive, responsive approach for a caregiver to take regarding feeding small children includes all of these EXCEPT:

Piaget called the second substage in preoperational thought _____ because of the absence of the use of _____ in children in that stage.

In a false-belief task, children are told that Mom puts chocolate in a kitchen drawer and leaves. Dad then moves the chocolate to the refrigerator. When asked where Mom will look for the chocolate when she returns, the child who understands false beliefs will say:

While walking with his grandmother, five-year-old Danny suddenly exclaims, "Oh, look at that pretty bird!" There are many trees and bushes, and she isn't sure where he's pointing. Danny gets frustrated and shouts, "Out there, out there! Right there, Grandma!" His frustration is a result of his:

Ms. Kahill has paired up first-grade students with kindergarten students who are struggling with printing clear letters. She believes the first-graders, who are just a bit ahead of the kindergarteners, will be able to teach and coach the younger ones in a more effective way than she can. This an example of:

Which is NOT one of the three principles of child-centered kindergarten?

Alayna wasn't paying attention and backed into the refrigerator. She immediately turned around, patted the refrigerator door, and said "I'm sorry." This is an example of:

When watching preschool children on the playground, Petra notices that most of the girls are _____ the boys.

A police officer visits Ben and Heather's class to discuss safety rules. To attract the children's attention, the officer brings colorful balloons and lots of jars of bubbles for the children to blow. Later, Heather tells her parents all about the balloons and bubbles but cannot remember any of the safety rules the officer presented. Heather obviously paid more attention to what was:

Zone of proximal development (ZPD) is Vygotsky's term for:

Three-and-a-half-year-old Ruth draws a picture with lavender, purple, and blue colors intermixed with green, yellow, and brown. "It's a boat on the ocean at sunset, with whales jumping all around it!" she explains to her teacher. Which of the following does this explain?

In the _____ stage, children begin to represent the world with words, images, and drawings.

At six years old, Gina's body mass index (BMI) is in the 95th percentile. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, she would be classified as:

Which of the following educational strategies would Vygotsky say should be incorporated into the classroom?

Pointing to a tree, young Leo says, "Bird flied away." Leo's interesting but incorrect use of the -ed word ending shows that he is trying to learn the _____ rules of language.

Camille wants to remember the name of a toy she saw on television. As she is going to tell her mother about it she keeps repeating the long name of the toy over and over. By doing this she is keeping the information active in her:

A police officer visits Timothy and Evelyn's class to discuss safety rules. To attract the children's attention, the officer brings colorful balloons and lots of jars of bubbles for the children to blow. Later, Timothy tells his parents all about the safety rules the officer discussed. Timothy obviously paid attention to what was: