Exam 6: Learning

In operant conditioning,continuous reinforcement is when a behavior is reinforced every time it occurs.

David,a clinical psychologist,conducts an experiment on two rats,Chub and Chip,by subjecting them to mild electric shocks.On the first day,David gives Chub 30 electric shocks an hour and gives Chip 10 shocks an hour.On the second day,he gives both Chub and Chip 15 shocks an hour.Which rat is likely to experience more stress on the second day and why?

The type of learning that occurs through observing and imitating another person's behavior is called _____.

A process that makes an observer less likely to repeat a behavior on seeing the model reprimanded is called _____ in observational learning.

Four-month-old Simon quickly learns that he will be fed milk every time he cries.From a behaviorist perspective,the milk that Simon receives when he cries is a _____.

Which of the following is true of spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?

Yolanda dislikes going to the doctor for her illness because every time she does,she is prescribed medicines,which ruin her appetite and make her feel nauseated.She associates doctors with feelings of nausea.However,she is not afraid of visiting dentists.In this scenario,Yolanda's behavior best exemplifies _____ in classical conditioning.

Classical conditioning explains how neutral stimuli become associated with _____.

Which of the following is true of a variable-interval schedule in operant conditioning?

Operant conditioning is also known as instrumental conditioning.

Dr.Meyer is known for his difficult pop quizzes.Immediately before he announces a pop quiz to his students,he walks to the classroom door and closes it.His students soon learn to anticipate a pop quiz whenever Dr.Meyer closes the classroom door.In the context of classical conditioning,closing the door has become a(n)_____.

In the context of classical conditioning,_____ refers to the decreased responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated presentations.

In the context of operant conditioning,_____ refers to rewarding successive approximations of a desired behavior.

Ryan,a five-year-old boy,receives a pat on the back every time he says "please" or "thank you." This encourages Ryan to use good manners as often as possible.In this scenario,Ryan demonstrates learning through:

Latent learning is unreinforced learning that is not immediately reflected in behavior.

Which of the following is a cognitive form of learning?

Continuous reinforcement in operant conditioning _____.

In classical conditioning,a conditioned stimulus must serve as a reliable indicator that the unconditioned stimulus is on its way.

Retention is the first process required for observational learning to occur.

In the context of classical conditioning,sign tracking is: