Exam 6: Learning

Negative reinforcement in operant conditioning is defined as:

Wendell always gets anxious before taking a math test because he is not good with numbers and formulae.When his science teacher announces a physics test that requires him to apply numerical formulae,Wendell begins to feel anxious,even though he enjoys physics.Which of the following is Wendell most likely demonstrating in this scenario?

Which of the following is true of modeling or observational learning?

Gary,a high-school student with no interest in academics,has started to study for four hours every week to avoid getting poor grades in school.This scenario is reflective of _____ in operant conditioning.

A worker at a handicraft store is paid $25 for every 20 wind chimes she makes.Which of the following schedules of reinforcement in operant conditioning is her payment based on?

Which of the following is true of partial reinforcement?

Applied behavior analysis is:

In operant conditioning,discrimination occurs when:

In the context of operant conditioning,a reinforcer that is innately satisfying and does not require any learning on the organism's part to make it pleasurable is referred to as a _____ reinforcer.

The _____ schedule in operant conditioning reinforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors.

Preparedness refers to the way people's beliefs about their abilities dictate what goals they set for themselves,what they think they can learn,and ultimately what they do learn.

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies negative reinforcement in operant conditioning?

Negative reinforcement in operant conditioning _____.

Tyler's grandmother,Rose,has been receiving e-mails from Tyler every day for many years.In anticipation of his e-mails,she checks her inbox more than once in a day.However,since Tyler has started college,the e-mails have stopped.As a result,Rose checks her e-mail only every few days.If this pattern continues,Rose will completely stop checking her e-mail.In classical conditioning,this is known as _____.

Classical conditioning is a form of _____.

Which of the following is true of Ivan Pavlov's experiment on classical conditioning?

Reinforcement in operant conditioning is the process by which a stimulus or event following a particular behavior decreases the probability that the behavior will occur again.

Negative punishment and negative reinforcement have the same impact on behavior.

A _____ schedule in operant conditioning reinforces the first behavior after a set amount of time has passed.

_____,in classical conditioning,is the weakening of the conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus is absent.