Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

In the statement "Critical thinking requires reasoned judgments," the word reasoned means ________.

A researcher, based on her review of relevant scientific studies, believes that there is a relationship between the frequency of a baby's crying and whether it was nursed at set intervals or on a demand schedule. If this belief were tested by experimentally manipulating feeding schedules, the feeding schedule would be called the:

According to the present research on psychologists, the three most popular work settings are ________, ________, and ________.

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

Results of the study by Cheryan et al. (2009) suggest that changes must occur to the perception of the computer science field. This illustrates the goal of

Modern psychology is said to have begun when:

Samantha just had her purse stolen while walking down Fifth Avenue in New York City, which is a very busy part of Manhattan. She screamed loudly. Several people looked in her direction, but nobody stopped walking or made an attempt to help. She immediately broke down in tears and trembled for 10 minutes until she could walk to her car. This is an example of ________.

If an individual believed that why people think and feel as they do is more important than what they think and how they think, that individual would be a proponent of the ________approach to psychology.

Adaris has always been drawn to the saying "Absence makes the heart grow fonder," and she decides to incorporate this saying into her research project. Adaris is trying to define absence in a way that can be empirically tested. She is attempting to find an appropriate ________.

Which correlation coefficient is most likely to describe the relationship between brushing one's teeth and the number of cavities one gets?

If you are interested in how patterns, beliefs, and customs influence behavior, you are interested in the ________ perspective.

The goals of psychology are to ________.

Clinical psychology is the largest subfield of psychology.

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the __________.

What is meant by the "direction of the relationship" in a correlation coefficient?

A researcher wants to study the effects of texting on driving. Students in Group A drive a car in a computer game and see how many virtual accidents they have. Students in Group B are asked to drive the same virtual car, but they must respond to and send at least three texts. The number of virtual accidents is measured for each group. What is the independent variable?

Pavlov found that dogs would salivate to the sound of a bell before food was presented, demonstrating the process of conditioning.

Darley and Latané (1968) believe that the presence of other people in a distressing situation actually increased the likelihood that they would receive help.

What is the main emphasis of cognitive psychology?

Describe a research method used in psychology.