Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Darley and Latané (1968) studied a concept called the bystander effect. Provide a detailed real-life example of this concept and explain how culture might be a factor.

Scientific psychology is formally recognized to have begun:

What did Sigmund Freud consider as the key to understanding the nervous disorders he observed?

"There is no life outside this solar system, and nothing you can say will change that fact!" Which criterion of critical thinking does this person lack?

Psychologists should only study observable behavior, according to __________.

Skinner is associated with __________.

In an experiment to examine the effects of sleep deprivation on completion of a puzzle, one group is allowed to sleep eight hours while another group is made to stay awake. In this experiment, the control group is

Ideally, everything in the experimental situation except the __________is held constant.

In the early part of the past century, psychologists who broke down thought processes into their basic elements and analyzed them were called structuralists. What term might we use to describe psychologists with similar interests today?

By using _________________, researchers can maximize the likelihood of a representative sample.

The question "How can it be changed?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

In an experiment, the "measurable aspect of the behavior of the subject" is called the __________ variable.

In 1879, in Leipzig, Germany, the first psychological laboratory was overseen by ________.

Cause-and-effect conclusions can be drawn from the results of an experiment because:

The more modern form of psychoanalysis is called the ________perspective.

Which of the following is associated with Gestalt psychology?

How did Pavlov and Watson's focus on scientific inquiry of behaviors differ from the earlier viewpoints of structuralists, psychoanalysts, and functionalists?

One of the common guidelines for ethical research is that participants may not withdraw from a study once they start.

Each of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association EXCEPT ________.

The general curiosity about "what makes people tick":