Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

What early school of thought in psychology was noted for its emphasis on the unconscious determinants of behavior?

Who claimed that behavior is affected by reinforcement?

The school of thought that became known as behaviorism was founded by __________.

Which of the following is the correct order which psychologists use in studying a particular behavior?

Sallie noticed that when her alarm clock goes off in the morning, her dog Ruffles is standing by her bed salivating. Every morning when Sallie wakes to the alarm, she immediately rolls out of bed and feeds Ruffles, who very much enjoys his canned dog food. It is likely that Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to _________.

A researcher tests the hypothesis that students who study in the room where they take their tests will perform better on the tests than students who study in other rooms. She requires one group to study in the classroom where the exam is given and another group to study in the library. All students take the test in the classroom, and their test performance is compared. In this example, test performance is:

In a controlled experiment, the group not subjected to a change in the independent variable, and used for comparison with the group receiving the experimental change, is the __________ group.

Unintended changes in participants' behavior due to cues inadvertently given by the experimenter are called ________.

A(n) ________is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Which of the following does NOT fit with the other three?

Suppose you were a graduate student studying for a Ph.D. in psychology in the 1920s. Your advisor was strongly influenced by John B. Watson. Which of the following might your advisor consider an acceptable choice for your research?

The school of thought that became known as behaviorism was founded by __________.

A correlation coefficient shows that alcohol consumption and driving accidents are indeed related. As a result, a researcher could predict the number of ________if the direction of the relationship is known.

A young man reads in a letter that he has just won $1,000 in a state-wide lottery and he literally jumps for joy. Which neurons are sending messages from his brain to his legs ordering them to jump?

After reading about the possible causes of schizophrenia, a scientist thinks that a virus is the most likely cause. What term most accurately describes the scientist's idea?

Which of the following is CORRECT concerning random assignment?

In an experiment, four groups of college students used different memorizing strategies to learn the material in one chapter of a textbook. Then each group was given the same multiple-choice test on the material. What was the dependent variable in this study?

Dr. Jones probably agrees with the ________theory of psychology, since he contends that humans are intelligent species due to the fact that intelligence gives us an advantage in the natural world.

A psychologist, studying pilot trainees, picks a select group of trainees who are hopefully representative of all other trainees. The group of trainees being studied by this psychologist are collectively known to researchers as a __________.

Almost all research done in psychology is analyzed ________.