Exam 5: Sampling and Probability

Jenny hypothesized that older adults would score higher on emotional intelligence measures compared to younger adults in her study.If Jenny commits a false-negative error, then she has committed a:

When one considers whether the results of a laboratory study will actually hold up as true when applied to the world outside of the laboratory, one is considering the _____ of the findings.

Which of these are independent events?

A researcher is interested in comparing reaction time differences between men and women.He obtains a sample of 45 students from a psychology student research database.Participants take part in the study, the data are later analyzed, and the researcher concludes that women have faster reaction times compared to men.What type of sampling strategy was used in this study?

Biased samples can be very effective in providing desired results for a researcher.

True _____ is difficult and sometimes impossible to attain.

A random-digit generator is MOST likely to be used for which type of strategy?

Which of these is an example of randomly assigning participants to conditions in a study?

Random selection is _____ used, but random assignment is _____ used.

Jenny hypothesized that older adults would score higher on emotional intelligence measures compared to younger adults in her study.If Jenny erroneously rejected the null hypothesis, she would be committing what type of error?

A statement that postulates that there is no difference between populations is a:

A sample in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for inclusion in the study is a _____ sample.

Brent tosses a quarter 4 times and 3 times it comes up heads.The proportion of heads is:

A researcher does not find support for her research hypothesis.She should then make which of these decisions?

External validity is strengthened by the use of volunteer samples.

Sandra wishes to study the effects of a mother's cocaine use during pregnancy on cognitive indicators during the first month of her infant's life.What research technique or techniques would be possible and appropriate?

Dr.Baker designed an experimental study to assess potential differences between science students and art students on a math reasoning abilities test.Dr.Baker found a mean difference in math performance between science and art students.On average, art students performed higher on the math reasoning test compared to the science students.Dr.Baker's results were supported in two other studies performed in university settings.Dr.Baker concluded that, given that the results of her study have been replicated at other universities, her findings were reliable.Dr.Baker also hopes that other researchers will perform the study using other samples including participants from the community.Dr.Baker is concerned about replicating her study across various settings and using additional samples because she wishes to:

The media contributes to our fear or concern over the safety of flying.Which statement is an example of the confirmation bias exhibited by the media in relation to flight safety?

A(n) _____ refers to the result of a(n) _____.

Volunteer sampling is a form of convenience sampling.