Question 1

Imagine that 18 out of every 33 homes have a dog in the household.What percentage of homes has a dog?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.83 
B)  18.00 
C)  54.55 
D)  63.67 
A)  1.83 
B)  18.00 
C)  54.55 
D)  63.67 C

Question 2

A bell-shaped curve is similar to all EXCEPT which type of distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  symmetric 
B)  normal 
C)  unimodal 
D)  positively skewed 
A)  symmetric 
B)  normal 
C)  unimodal 
D)  positively skewed D

Question 3

Professor Kellogg calculates the grades on the first exam for her statistics class.She finds that students did really well, with most students scoring 98 or higher.What type of effect, which often corresponds to a negatively skewed distribution, is MOST likely to be influencing the shape of the distribution of scores?

Accepted Answer

A)  floor 
B)  ceiling 
C)  raw score 
D)  interval score 
A)  floor 
B)  ceiling 
C)  raw score 
D)  interval score B

Question 4

Raw data are observations or data points that:

Accepted Answer

A)  are in their original form. 
B)  have been manipulated in some way. 
C)  have been plotted on a graph. 
D)  are discarded because they appear in error. 
A)  are in their original form. 
B)  have been manipulated in some way. 
C)  have been plotted on a graph. 
D)  are discarded because they appear in error.

Question 5

When creating histograms and frequency polygons, the x-axis typically represents _____ and the y-axis represents _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  values or intervals; the sum of squares 
B)  values or intervals; frequencies 
C)  midpoints; reaction times 
D)  frequencies; the sum of squares 
A)  values or intervals; the sum of squares 
B)  values or intervals; frequencies 
C)  midpoints; reaction times 
D)  frequencies; the sum of squares

Question 6

A graduate statistics class is unhappy with the midterm grades.The majority of students scored 45 or below on a 100-point scale, with just several students performing very well.Which type of distribution do the test scores represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  normal 
B)  positively skewed 
C)  negatively skewed 
D)  nominal 
A)  normal 
B)  positively skewed 
C)  negatively skewed 
D)  nominal

Question 7

Stem-and-leaf plots offer an advantage over histograms and frequency polygons in that they allow:

Accepted Answer

A)  data to be displayed visually. 
B)  comparison of two groups of data together. 
C)  values of the data to be retained for later analyses. 
D)  comparison of participants across different measures. 
A)  data to be displayed visually. 
B)  comparison of two groups of data together. 
C)  values of the data to be retained for later analyses. 
D)  comparison of participants across different measures.

Question 8

Floor effects can lead to positive skew in a distribution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A(n) _____ is often seen in negatively skewed distributions, while a(n) _____ is often seen in positively skewed distributions.

Accepted Answer

A)  ceiling effect; floor effect 
B)  floor effect; ceiling effect 
C)  symmetrical distribution; asymmetrical distribution 
D)  asymmetrical distribution; symmetrical distribution 
A)  ceiling effect; floor effect 
B)  floor effect; ceiling effect 
C)  symmetrical distribution; asymmetrical distribution 
D)  asymmetrical distribution; symmetrical distribution

Question 10

Katrina observes and records the number of people who purchase breakfast at a hospital cafeteria.The cafeteria is open from 7:00 a.m.to 11:00 a.m.and employees typically eat breakfast at 9:00 a.m.What type of distribution should Katrina expect to see in her data?

Accepted Answer

A)  normal 
B)  positively skewed 
C)  negatively skewed 
D)  nonsymmetric 
A)  normal 
B)  positively skewed 
C)  negatively skewed 
D)  nonsymmetric

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions 
This table and figure depict the average SAT scores for entering freshmen in the year 1995 at 36 North Carolina colleges.
$$\begin{array}{l}
\text { Table: North Carolina SAT }\
\begin{array} { r r r r } 
825 & 922 & 870 & 1121 \
990 & 1230 & 1302 & 926 \
1054 & 845 & 826 & 956 \
840 & 923 & 818 & 867 \
600 & 1030 & 831 & 935 \
890 & 879 & 1005 & 842 \
780 & 757 & 1002 & 774 \
915 & 921 & 1071 & 921 \
915 & 848 & 915 & 813
\end{array}
\end{array}$$
Figure: Histogram of SAT  
-(Figure: Histogram of SAT) What seems to be the shape of the distribution represented in this histogram?

Accepted Answer

A)  symmetrical 
B)  positively skewed 
C)  rectangle 
D)  negatively skewed 
A)  symmetrical 
B)  positively skewed 
C)  rectangle 
D)  negatively skewed

Question 12

Some sports have what is called a "mercy rule," that is, once the difference in scores between two teams gets to a certain level, the game is ended.In soccer, the mercy rule might end a game when one team has 15 more goals than the other team.This limit on how big the difference between points can be is an example of a ceiling effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The numbers of avalanche fatalities in Colorado for the last eight seasons were reported as 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 8, and 10.Roughly what type of distribution is shown?

Accepted Answer

A)  normal 
B)  positively skewed 
C)  negatively skewed 
D)  nominal 
A)  normal 
B)  positively skewed 
C)  negatively skewed 
D)  nominal

Question 14

Why is it sometimes easier to use a frequency table to interpret data than to examine a distribution of raw scores?

Accepted Answer

A)  Raw scores do not represent the data. 
B)  A frequency table transforms the raw scores by showing the means. 
C)  Raw scores are not based on the sample. 
D)  Frequency tables display patterns, organizing the data by frequency of scores. 
A)  Raw scores do not represent the data. 
B)  A frequency table transforms the raw scores by showing the means. 
C)  Raw scores are not based on the sample. 
D)  Frequency tables display patterns, organizing the data by frequency of scores.

Question 15

It is advisable to use a grouped frequency table when depicting the frequency of interval data that vary over a large range of numbers in table format.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A histogram is typically used to depict nominal data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

People who report "married" as their relationship status are assumed to have no less than one marriage.The fact that the number of marriages cannot vary below one represents a ceiling effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In a stem-and-leaf plot for two-digit numbers, the:

Accepted Answer

A)  stem is the first digit. 
B)  stem is the second digit. 
C)  leaf is the first digit. 
D)  leaf consists of both digits. 
A)  stem is the first digit. 
B)  stem is the second digit. 
C)  leaf is the first digit. 
D)  leaf consists of both digits.

Question 19

In a frequency polygon, the y-axis represents frequencies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is one important reason for looking at visual descriptions of the data, such as frequency tables and histograms?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patterns revealed in the data may lead to more specific research questions. 
B)  Visual depictions of data are important only for publishing research. 
C)  Raw data are not useful. 
D)  Graphs show what kind of statistical tests have been performed. 
A)  The patterns revealed in the data may lead to more specific research questions. 
B)  Visual depictions of data are important only for publishing research. 
C)  Raw data are not useful. 
D)  Graphs show what kind of statistical tests have been performed.

Imagine that 18 out of every 33 homes have a dog in the household.What percentage of homes has a dog?

A bell-shaped curve is similar to all EXCEPT which type of distribution?

Raw data are observations or data points that:

When creating histograms and frequency polygons, the x-axis typically represents _ and the y-axis represents _.

A graduate statistics class is unhappy with the midterm grades.The majority of students scored 45 or below on a 100-point scale, with just several students performing very well.Which type of distribution do the test scores represent?

Stem-and-leaf plots offer an advantage over histograms and frequency polygons in that they allow:

Floor effects can lead to positive skew in a distribution.

A(n) _ is often seen in negatively skewed distributions, while a(n) _ is often seen in positively skewed distributions.

Katrina observes and records the number of people who purchase breakfast at a hospital cafeteria.The cafeteria is open from 7:00 a.m.to 11:00 a.m.and employees typically eat breakfast at 9:00 a.m.What type of distribution should Katrina expect to see in her data?

The numbers of avalanche fatalities in Colorado for the last eight seasons were reported as 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 8, and 10.Roughly what type of distribution is shown?

Why is it sometimes easier to use a frequency table to interpret data than to examine a distribution of raw scores?

It is advisable to use a grouped frequency table when depicting the frequency of interval data that vary over a large range of numbers in table format.

A histogram is typically used to depict nominal data.

People who report "married" as their relationship status are assumed to have no less than one marriage.The fact that the number of marriages cannot vary below one represents a ceiling effect.

In a stem-and-leaf plot for two-digit numbers, the:

In a frequency polygon, the y-axis represents frequencies.

What is one important reason for looking at visual descriptions of the data, such as frequency tables and histograms?

An Introduction to Statistics and Research Design

Visual Displays of Data

Central Tendency and Variability

Sampling and Probability

The Normal Curve, Standardization and Z Scores

Hypothesis Testing With Z Tests

Confidence Intervals, Effect Size, and Statistical Power

The Single-Sample T Test

The Paired-Samples T Test

The Independent-Samples T Test

One-Way Between-Groups Anova

One-Way Within-Groups Anova

Two-Way Between-Groups Anova

Correlation

Regression

Chi-Square Tess

Choosing and Reporting Statistics

Filters

Exam 2: Frequency Distributions

Imagine that 18 out of every 33 homes have a dog in the household.What percentage of homes has a dog?

A bell-shaped curve is similar to all EXCEPT which type of distribution?

Raw data are observations or data points that:

When creating histograms and frequency polygons, the x-axis typically represents _____ and the y-axis represents _____.

A graduate statistics class is unhappy with the midterm grades.The majority of students scored 45 or below on a 100-point scale, with just several students performing very well.Which type of distribution do the test scores represent?

Stem-and-leaf plots offer an advantage over histograms and frequency polygons in that they allow:

Floor effects can lead to positive skew in a distribution.

A(n) _____ is often seen in negatively skewed distributions, while a(n) _____ is often seen in positively skewed distributions.

Katrina observes and records the number of people who purchase breakfast at a hospital cafeteria.The cafeteria is open from 7:00 a.m.to 11:00 a.m.and employees typically eat breakfast at 9:00 a.m.What type of distribution should Katrina expect to see in her data?

The numbers of avalanche fatalities in Colorado for the last eight seasons were reported as 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 8, and 10.Roughly what type of distribution is shown?

Why is it sometimes easier to use a frequency table to interpret data than to examine a distribution of raw scores?

It is advisable to use a grouped frequency table when depicting the frequency of interval data that vary over a large range of numbers in table format.

A histogram is typically used to depict nominal data.

People who report "married" as their relationship status are assumed to have no less than one marriage.The fact that the number of marriages cannot vary below one represents a ceiling effect.

In a stem-and-leaf plot for two-digit numbers, the:

In a frequency polygon, the y-axis represents frequencies.

What is one important reason for looking at visual descriptions of the data, such as frequency tables and histograms?

An Introduction to Statistics and Research Design

Visual Displays of Data

Central Tendency and Variability

Sampling and Probability

The Normal Curve, Standardization and Z Scores

Hypothesis Testing With Z Tests

Confidence Intervals, Effect Size, and Statistical Power

The Single-Sample T Test

The Paired-Samples T Test

The Independent-Samples T Test

One-Way Between-Groups Anova

One-Way Within-Groups Anova

Two-Way Between-Groups Anova

Correlation

Regression

Chi-Square Tess

Choosing and Reporting Statistics

Filters

When creating histograms and frequency polygons, the x-axis typically represents _ and the y-axis represents _.

A(n) _ is often seen in negatively skewed distributions, while a(n) _ is often seen in positively skewed distributions.