Exam 10: Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

For each of the following pairs of compounds, identify the one that is more likely to be soluble in water. Explain the rationale for your choice. (A) Br₂ or NaBr (B) CH₃CH₂OH or CH₃OCH₃ (C) CO₂ or KOH

Which one of the following substances would you predict to have the highest vapor pressure at a given temperature? In these line drawings, a carbon is implicit at the end of a line (bond) or where two or more lines come together. Carbon requires four bonds, so any missing bonds are implicitly bonds to hydrogen atoms.

The smell of fresh-cut pine is due in part to a cyclic alkene called pinene. A graph of the natural logarithm of the vapor pressure of pinene vs. 1/temperature produces a straight line with a slope of -4936.37 K. What is the enthalpy of vaporization of pinene?

The temperature at point a in the phase diagram below is the ________

Which one of the following substances would you predict to have the highest boiling point? In these line drawings, a carbon is implicit at the end of a line (bond) or where two or more lines come together. Carbon requires four bonds, so any missing bonds are implicitly bonds to hydrogen atoms.

Define the terms hydrophobic and hydrophilic.

On the phase diagram below, identify the normal boiling point.

The phase diagram for carbon dioxide is shown below. What is the phase that exists at room temperature and pressure (22^oC, 1 atm)?

Why does HI boil at a higher temperature than HBr, yet the dipole moment of HBr (0.82 D) is larger than that of HI (0.38 D)?

Indicate which of the following molecules exhibits the greatest dispersion forces.

Write definitions for the terms miscible and soluble.

Which alkane compound has the highest vapor pressure?

The solubility of a compound is determined by ________

Which of the following pairs of compounds is most likely to be immiscible?

Under similar conditions, which of the following gases will behave less like an ideal gas than the others?

Which of the following substances has a solid whose freezing point will decrease with increasing pressure?

Which of the following will have the largest cation-anion attraction?

Indicate which of the following nonpolar compounds will have the lowest boiling point.

Carbon dioxide is being used as an environmentally safe liquid solvent for reactions. If the reaction is run at a temperature of 15^oC, what must the minimum pressure of the reaction vessel be? The phase diagram for carbon dioxide is shown below.

Which of the following polar compounds is likely to have the highest boiling point?