Exam 6: Probability
Exam 1: What Is Statistics16 Questions
Exam 2: Types of Data, Data Collection and Sampling17 Questions
Exam 3: Graphical Descriptive Methods Nominal Data20 Questions
Exam 4: Graphical Descriptive Techniques Numerical Data64 Questions
Exam 5: Numerical Descriptive Measures150 Questions
Exam 6: Probability112 Questions
Exam 7: Random Variables and Discrete Probability Distributions55 Questions
Exam 8: Continuous Probability Distributions118 Questions
Exam 9: Statistical Inference: Introduction8 Questions
Exam 10: Sampling Distributions68 Questions
Exam 11: Estimation: Describing a Single Population132 Questions
Exam 12: Estimation: Comparing Two Populations23 Questions
Exam 13: Hypothesis Testing: Describing a Single Population130 Questions
Exam 14: Hypothesis Testing: Comparing Two Populations81 Questions
Exam 15: Inference About Population Variances47 Questions
Exam 16: Analysis of Variance125 Questions
Exam 17: Additional Tests for Nominal Data: Chi-Squared Tests116 Questions
Exam 18: Simple Linear Regression and Correlation219 Questions
Exam 19: Multiple Regression121 Questions
Exam 20: Model Building100 Questions
Exam 21: Nonparametric Techniques136 Questions
Exam 22: Statistical Inference: Conclusion106 Questions
Exam 23: Time-Series Analysis and Forecasting146 Questions
Exam 24: Index Numbers27 Questions
Exam 25: Decision Analysis51 Questions
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An ice cream vendor sells three flavours: chocolate, strawberry and vanilla. 45% of the sales are chocolate, 30% are strawberry and the rest are vanilla. Sales are by the cone or the cup. The percentages of cones sales for chocolate, strawberry and vanilla are 75%, 60% and 40%, respectively. For a randomly selected sale, define the following events:
A1 = chocolate chosen.
A2 = strawberry chosen.
A3 = vanilla chosen.
B = ice cream in a cone. = ice cream in a cup.
Use this information to answer the following question(s).
-Find the probability that the ice cream was strawberry-flavoured, given that it was sold on a cone.
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Correct Answer:
P( | B) = P( B) / P(B) = 0.18 / 0.6175 = 0.2915.
Suppose P(A) = 0.25. The probability of complement of A is: A. 0.25 B. 0.50 C. -0.25 D. 0.75
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(Short Answer)
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Correct Answer:
D
If events A and B have nonzero probabilities, then they can be both independent and mutually exclusive.
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Correct Answer:
False
If we wished to determine the probability that one or more of several events will occur in an experiment, we would use addition rules.
(True/False)
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Suppose P(A) = 0.10, P(B) = 0.70, and P(B/A) = 0.80.
a. Find P(A B).
b. Find P(A B).
c. Find P(A | B).
(Essay)
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Marginal probability is the probability that a given event will occur, with no other events taken into consideration.
(True/False)
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At the beginning of each year, an investment newsletter predicts whether or not the stock market will rise over the coming year. Historical evidence reveals that there is a 75% chance that the stock market will rise in any given year. The newsletter has predicted a rise for 80% of the years when the market actually rose, and has predicted a rise for 40% of the years when the market fell. Find the probability that the newsletter's prediction for next year will be correct.
(Short Answer)
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An ice cream vendor sells three flavours: chocolate, strawberry and vanilla. 45% of the sales are chocolate, 30% are strawberry and the rest are vanilla. Sales are by the cone or the cup. The percentages of cones sales for chocolate, strawberry and vanilla are 75%, 60% and 40%, respectively. For a randomly selected sale, define the following events:
A1 = chocolate chosen.
A2 = strawberry chosen.
A3 = vanilla chosen.
B = ice cream in a cone. = ice cream in a cup.
Use this information to answer the following question(s).
-Find the probability that the ice cream was sold on a cone and the flavour was:
a. chocolate.
b. strawberry.
c. vanilla.
(Essay)
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The annual estimate of the number of deaths of infants is an example of the classical approach to probability.
(True/False)
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Based on past exam results in principles of accounting you estimate that there is an 83% chance of passing the exam. This is an example of the subjective approach to probability.
(True/False)
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Given that events A and B are independent, and that P(A) = 0.9 and P(B | A) = 0.5, then P(A B) = 0.45.
(True/False)
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An insurance company has collected the following data on the gender and marital status of 300 customers.
Marital Status Gender Single Married Divorced Male 25 125 30 Female 50 50 20 Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Find the probability that the customer selected is:
a. a married female.
b. not single.
c. married, if the customer is male.
d. female or divorced.
e. Are gender and marital status mutually exclusive? Explain using probabilities.
f. Is marital status independent of gender? Explain using probabilities.
(Essay)
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A woman is expecting her second child. Her doctor has told her that she has a 50-50 chance of having another girl. If she has another girl, there is a 90% chance that she will be taller than the first. If she has a boy, however, there is only a 25% chance that he will be taller than the first child. Find the probability that the woman's second child will be taller than the first.
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A law firm has submitted bids on two separate state contracts, A and B. The company feels that it has a 40% chance of winning contract A, and a 60% chance of winning contract B. Furthermore, the company believes that it has a 75% chance of winning contract B, given that it wins contract A.
What is the probability that the firm will win at most one of the two contracts
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A table of joint probabilities is shown below. 0.15 0.25 0.20 0.10 0.15 0.15 Calculate P( | ).
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If P(A) = 0.65, P(B) =0.76 and P(A B) =0.80, then P(A B) is: A. 0.65 B. 0.61. C. 0.80 D. 0.02
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If A and B are mutually exclusive events, with P(A) = 0.30 and P(B) = 0.40, then P(A B) is: A. 0.10 B. 0.12. C. 0.70 D. None of these choices are correct.
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The collection of all possible outcomes of an experiment is called: A a simple event. B a sample space. C a sample. D a population.
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The classical approach to assigning probability can be applied for experiments that have equally likely outcomes.
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