Question 1

PCR can be used to amplify DNA in a clinical sample. The following steps are used in PCR. What is the fourth step?

Accepted Answer

A)  Incubate at 72°C. 
B)  Collect DNA. 
C)  Incubate at 94°C. 
D)  Incubate at 60°C. 
E)  Add DNA polymerase. 
A)  Incubate at 72°C. 
B)  Collect DNA. 
C)  Incubate at 94°C. 
D)  Incubate at 60°C. 
E)  Add DNA polymerase.

Question 2

Which organism degrades PCBs and has been engineered to produce BT toxin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pseudomonas 
B)  Bacillus thuringiensis 
C)  Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
D)  Thermus aquaticus 
E)  Agrobacterium tumefaciens 
A)  Pseudomonas 
B)  Bacillus thuringiensis 
C)  Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
D)  Thermus aquaticus 
E)  Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Question 3

Which organism naturally possesses the Ti plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pseudomonas 
B)  Saccharomyces cervisiae 
C)  Bacillus thuringiensis 
D)  Thermus aquaticus 
E)  Agrobacterium tumefaciens 
A)  Pseudomonas 
B)  Saccharomyces cervisiae 
C)  Bacillus thuringiensis 
D)  Thermus aquaticus 
E)  Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Question 4

Which of the following is not an agricultural product made by DNA techniques?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacillus thuringiensis insecticide 
B)  Nitrogenase (nitrogen fixation) 
C)  Glyphosate resistance 
D)  Drought resistance 
E)  Frost retardant 
A)  Bacillus thuringiensis insecticide 
B)  Nitrogenase (nitrogen fixation) 
C)  Glyphosate resistance 
D)  Drought resistance 
E)  Frost retardant

Question 5

The following steps must be performed to make a bacterium produce human protein X: 1- Translation; 2- Restriction enzyme; 3- Prokaryotic transcription; 4- DNA ligase;
5- Transformation; 6- Eukaryotic transcription; 7- Reverse transcription. Put the steps in the correct sequence.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 7, 6 
B)  6, 7, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1 
C)  6, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 
D)  5, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6, 1 
E)  6, 7, 2, 4, 5, 3, 1 
A)  1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 7, 6 
B)  6, 7, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1 
C)  6, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 
D)  5, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6, 1 
E)  6, 7, 2, 4, 5, 3, 1

Question 6

The reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerase.

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA -cDNA 
B)  DNA -mRNA 
C)  mRNA -protein 
D)  DNA -DNA 
E)  None 
A)  mRNA -cDNA 
B)  DNA -mRNA 
C)  mRNA -protein 
D)  DNA -DNA 
E)  None

Question 7

Which of the following can be used to make recombinant DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protoplast fusion 
B)  Tungsten "bullets" 
C)  Transformation 
D)  Microinjection 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  Protoplast fusion 
B)  Tungsten "bullets" 
C)  Transformation 
D)  Microinjection 
E)  All of the above.

Question 8

PCR can be used to identify an unknown bacterium because

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA can be electrophoresed. 
B)  All cells have DNA. 
C)  DNA polymerase will replicate DNA. 
D)  The RNA primer is specific. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  DNA can be electrophoresed. 
B)  All cells have DNA. 
C)  DNA polymerase will replicate DNA. 
D)  The RNA primer is specific. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 9

Which of the following is not involved in making cDNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription. 
B)  RNA processing to remove introns. 
C)  Reverse transcription. 
D)  Translation. 
A)  Transcription. 
B)  RNA processing to remove introns. 
C)  Reverse transcription. 
D)  Translation.

Question 10

A source of heat- stable DNA polymerase is

Accepted Answer

A)  Pseudomonas. 
B)  Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
C)  Bacillus thuringiensis. 
D)  Thermus aquaticus. 
E)  Agrobacterium tumefaciens. 
A)  Pseudomonas. 
B)  Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
C)  Bacillus thuringiensis. 
D)  Thermus aquaticus. 
E)  Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Question 11

You have a small gene that you wish replicated by PCR. You add radioactively labeled nucleotides to the PCR thermocycler. After 3 replication cycles, what percentage of the DNA single- strands are radioactively labeled?

Accepted Answer

A)  87.5% 
B)  0% 
C)  50% 
D)  12.5% 
E)  100% 
A)  87.5% 
B)  0% 
C)  50% 
D)  12.5% 
E)  100%

Question 12

Figure 9.3
  
-In Figure 9.3, the purpose of this experiment is to

Accepted Answer

A)  Put a gene in Bacillus. 
B)  Put a gene into a plant. 
C)  Put an insecticide on plant leaves. 
D)  Isolate Pseudomonas from a plant. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Put a gene in Bacillus. 
B)  Put a gene into a plant. 
C)  Put an insecticide on plant leaves. 
D)  Isolate Pseudomonas from a plant. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 13

Foreign DNA can be inserted into cells by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  A gene gun. 
B)  Electroporation. 
C)  Transformation. 
D)  Protoplast fusion. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  A gene gun. 
B)  Electroporation. 
C)  Transformation. 
D)  Protoplast fusion. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 14

A colleague has used computer modeling to design an improved enzyme. To produce this enzyme, the next step is

Accepted Answer

A)  Determine the nucleotide sequence for the improved enzyme. 
B)  Synthesize the gene for the improved enzyme. 
C)  Mutate bacteria until one makes the improved enzyme. 
D)  Look for a bacterium that makes the improved enzyme. 
E)  None; the enzyme can't be produced. 
A)  Determine the nucleotide sequence for the improved enzyme. 
B)  Synthesize the gene for the improved enzyme. 
C)  Mutate bacteria until one makes the improved enzyme. 
D)  Look for a bacterium that makes the improved enzyme. 
E)  None; the enzyme can't be produced.

Question 15

Large numbers of bacterial cells are not found in crown galls because

Accepted Answer

A)  The assumption is not true; many bacteria are in the galls. 
B)  A gene in plant cells is controlling growth. 
C)  The plant kills the bacteria. 
D)  Cell walls protect the plant from bacterial invasion. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  The assumption is not true; many bacteria are in the galls. 
B)  A gene in plant cells is controlling growth. 
C)  The plant kills the bacteria. 
D)  Cell walls protect the plant from bacterial invasion. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 16

Figure 9.3
  
-In Figure 9.3, the resulting organism (a) is

Accepted Answer

A)  Pseudomonas fluorescens. 
B)  a plant × Pseudomonas hybrid. 
C)  Bacillus thuringiensis. 
D)  E. coli. 
E)  A tomato plant. 
A)  Pseudomonas fluorescens. 
B)  a plant × Pseudomonas hybrid. 
C)  Bacillus thuringiensis. 
D)  E. coli. 
E)  A tomato plant.

Question 17

Figure 9.1
  
-In Figure 9.1, after digestion with the appropriate restriction enzyme, what is the smallest piece containing the ampicillin- resistance (amp) gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.17 kilobase pairs 
B)  3.00 kbp 
C)  0.25 kbp 
D)  1.50 kbp 
E)  1.08 kbp 
A)  0.17 kilobase pairs 
B)  3.00 kbp 
C)  0.25 kbp 
D)  1.50 kbp 
E)  1.08 kbp

Question 18

Suicide genes can be controlled by the fimbriae- gene operator. This would result in the death of

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells at 37°C. 
B)  All cells. 
C)  Cells making fimbriae. 
D)  Conjugating cells. 
E)  Cells making flagella. 
A)  Cells at 37°C. 
B)  All cells. 
C)  Cells making fimbriae. 
D)  Conjugating cells. 
E)  Cells making flagella.

Question 19

If you have inserted a gene in the Ti, the next step in genetic engineering is

Accepted Answer

A)  Splicing Ti into a plasmid. 
B)  Transformation of E. coli with Ti. 
C)  Transformation of an animal cell. 
D)  Inserting Ti into Agrobacterium. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Splicing Ti into a plasmid. 
B)  Transformation of E. coli with Ti. 
C)  Transformation of an animal cell. 
D)  Inserting Ti into Agrobacterium. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 20

The use of an antibiotic resistance gene on a plasmid used in genetic engineering makes

Accepted Answer

A)  The recombinant cell unable to survive. 
B)  Replica plating possible. 
C)  Direct selection possible. 
D)  The recombinant cell dangerous. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  The recombinant cell unable to survive. 
B)  Replica plating possible. 
C)  Direct selection possible. 
D)  The recombinant cell dangerous. 
E)  All of the above.

Exam 9: Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

PCR can be used to amplify DNA in a clinical sample. The following steps are used in PCR. What is the fourth step?

Which organism degrades PCBs and has been engineered to produce BT toxin?

Which organism naturally possesses the Ti plasmid?

Which of the following is not an agricultural product made by DNA techniques?

The following steps must be performed to make a bacterium produce human protein X: 1- Translation; 2- Restriction enzyme; 3- Prokaryotic transcription; 4- DNA ligase; 5- Transformation; 6- Eukaryotic transcription; 7- Reverse transcription. Put the steps in the correct sequence.

The reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerase.

Which of the following can be used to make recombinant DNA?

PCR can be used to identify an unknown bacterium because

Which of the following is not involved in making cDNA?

A source of heat- stable DNA polymerase is

You have a small gene that you wish replicated by PCR. You add radioactively labeled nucleotides to the PCR thermocycler. After 3 replication cycles, what percentage of the DNA single- strands are radioactively labeled?

Figure 9.3 -In Figure 9.3, the purpose of this experiment is to

Foreign DNA can be inserted into cells by all of the following except

A colleague has used computer modeling to design an improved enzyme. To produce this enzyme, the next step is

Large numbers of bacterial cells are not found in crown galls because

Figure 9.3 -In Figure 9.3, the resulting organism (a) is

Figure 9.1 -In Figure 9.1, after digestion with the appropriate restriction enzyme, what is the smallest piece containing the ampicillin- resistance (amp) gene?

Suicide genes can be controlled by the fimbriae- gene operator. This would result in the death of

If you have inserted a gene in the Ti, the next step in genetic engineering is

The use of an antibiotic resistance gene on a plasmid used in genetic engineering makes

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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