Question 1

Suppose you have created a new method of diagnosing anxiety disorders. How could you demonstrate that your method is construct valid?

Accepted Answer

A)  teach several licensed clinicians to use and evaluate your method. 
B)  use your method to diagnose the same group of participants repeatedly over the course of several years, and see if you consistently arrive at the same diagnosis for a given individual 
C)  have several specialists read about your new technique and invite their opinions 
D)  use your method to diagnose a group of participants, then see if your diagnoses match with diagnoses taken from other, established methods 
A)  teach several licensed clinicians to use and evaluate your method. 
B)  use your method to diagnose the same group of participants repeatedly over the course of several years, and see if you consistently arrive at the same diagnosis for a given individual 
C)  have several specialists read about your new technique and invite their opinions 
D)  use your method to diagnose a group of participants, then see if your diagnoses match with diagnoses taken from other, established methods

Question 2

To study career aspirations among high school students in Alabama, a researcher randomly selects 5% of the state's school districts and gives all the students in each district a survey designed to measure career goals. What sampling procedure is being used here?

Accepted Answer

A)  quota 
B)  stratified 
C)  cluster 
D)  EPSEM 
A)  quota 
B)  stratified 
C)  cluster 
D)  EPSEM

Question 3

A study examines scores on an employment test and job performance six months later. This study is most likely attempting to establish

Accepted Answer

A)  criterion validity. 
B)  face validity. 
C)  reliability. 
D)  construct validity. 
A)  criterion validity. 
B)  face validity. 
C)  reliability. 
D)  construct validity.

Question 4

If you are interested in participants in your study with very specific characteristics e.g. English as a second language) you may conduct __________sampling and once you contact some individuals who want to participate, you may then conduct _________sampling in which participants identify other potential participants.

Accepted Answer

A)  snowball; purposive 
B)  matched; snowball 
C)  random; non-random 
D)  purposive; snowball 
A)  snowball; purposive 
B)  matched; snowball 
C)  random; non-random 
D)  purposive; snowball

Question 5

Which of the following measurement scales is accurately paired with an example?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interval-rankings of tennis players 
B)  Ratio-zip codes 
C)  Nominal-test scores on an exam 
D)  Ordinal-a professor listing his students from the best to worst 
A)  Interval-rankings of tennis players 
B)  Ratio-zip codes 
C)  Nominal-test scores on an exam 
D)  Ordinal-a professor listing his students from the best to worst

Question 6

_________is the assignment of symbols or numbers to something according to a set of rules.

Accepted Answer

A)  Variable 
B)  Measurement 
C)  Validity 
D)  Reliability 
A)  Variable 
B)  Measurement 
C)  Validity 
D)  Reliability

Question 7

In order to establish the reliability of a measure of intelligence, Kevin administers two forms of the test to a group of students. Which of the following reliability coefficient values would indicate the most reliability for the test?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.35 
B)  0.85 
C)  -0.85 
D)  2.20 
A)  0.35 
B)  0.85 
C)  -0.85 
D)  2.20

Question 8

Which of the following nonrandom sampling techniques would be most similar to stratified random sampling?

Accepted Answer

A)  convenience 
B)  quota 
C)  cluster 
D)  purposive 
A)  convenience 
B)  quota 
C)  cluster 
D)  purposive

Question 9

A major advantage of randomly selecting participants from a population is that

Accepted Answer

A)  it allows you to do your study with fewer participants and still find statistical significance in your results. 
B)  you can be more confident that it was the manipulation of the independent variable that caused the changes observed in the dependent variable. 
C)  you can be more confident that your sample is representative of the population. 
D)  it is more likely that your sample will have the characteristics you need it to have. 
A)  it allows you to do your study with fewer participants and still find statistical significance in your results. 
B)  you can be more confident that it was the manipulation of the independent variable that caused the changes observed in the dependent variable. 
C)  you can be more confident that your sample is representative of the population. 
D)  it is more likely that your sample will have the characteristics you need it to have.

Question 10

Which of the following illustrates reliability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dean takes an IQ test and scores at the 60th percentile. 
B)  Scores on a new test of reading comprehension correlate highly with scores on well established reading comprehension tests. 
C)  Fred scores poorly on one school's entrance exam but does better on another. 
D)  Jacquie takes three practice GRE verbal exams and scores 300, 299, and 301. 
A)  Dean takes an IQ test and scores at the 60th percentile. 
B)  Scores on a new test of reading comprehension correlate highly with scores on well established reading comprehension tests. 
C)  Fred scores poorly on one school's entrance exam but does better on another. 
D)  Jacquie takes three practice GRE verbal exams and scores 300, 299, and 301.

Question 11

An)_________ is a list of all members of a population.

Accepted Answer

A)  parameter 
B)  norming group 
C)  sampling frame 
D)  equal probability selection method 
A)  parameter 
B)  norming group 
C)  sampling frame 
D)  equal probability selection method

Question 12

Which of the following situations would NOT necessitate a larger sample size?

Accepted Answer

A)  if your population is heterogeneous 
B)  if you plan to use multiple categories 
C)  if you expect a weak effect 
D)  if you use proportional stratified sampling 
A)  if your population is heterogeneous 
B)  if you plan to use multiple categories 
C)  if you expect a weak effect 
D)  if you use proportional stratified sampling

Question 13

Dr. Konrad contacts the registrar at his university to get a complete list of students enrolled. He wants to draw a simple random sample from the entire population. He does this to make sure he is creating a

Accepted Answer

A)  framed sample 
B)  representative sample 
C)  stratified sample 
D)  cluster sample 
A)  framed sample 
B)  representative sample 
C)  stratified sample 
D)  cluster sample

Question 14

When conducting psychological research we want the research to be valid. Reliability and validity are necessary ingredients of valid research. The relationship between validity and reliability is that

Accepted Answer

A)  if the research is reliable you can be certain that it is valid. 
B)  reliability causes validity. 
C)  the research must be reliable for it to be valid but a reliable research measurement is not necessarily valid. 
D)  the research must be valid for it to be reliable 
A)  if the research is reliable you can be certain that it is valid. 
B)  reliability causes validity. 
C)  the research must be reliable for it to be valid but a reliable research measurement is not necessarily valid. 
D)  the research must be valid for it to be reliable

Question 15

If we include items assessing memory, logic, and verbal comprehension on an intelligence test - as opposed to food preferences or shoe size - then we have satisfied which of the following types of validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discriminant 
B)  Convergent 
C)  Face 
D)  Internal 
A)  Discriminant 
B)  Convergent 
C)  Face 
D)  Internal

Question 16

Jenna would like to establish the reliability of a new measure of self-esteem but she doesn't have enough time to administer her test more than once. Which of the following methods of establishing reliability would you suggest to Jenna?

Accepted Answer

A)  Equivalent forms 
B)  Internal consistency 
C)  Multidimensional 
D)  Concurrent 
A)  Equivalent forms 
B)  Internal consistency 
C)  Multidimensional 
D)  Concurrent

Question 17

______validity is validity that is assessed by experts.

Accepted Answer

A)  Predictive 
B)  Discriminant 
C)  internal 
D)  Content 
A)  Predictive 
B)  Discriminant 
C)  internal 
D)  Content

Question 18

Dr. Saucer is in the process of drawing individuals from a population to be included in a sample. This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  sampling frame 
B)  parameter 
C)  sampling 
D)  proximal similarity 
A)  sampling frame 
B)  parameter 
C)  sampling 
D)  proximal similarity

Question 19

Afiya wanted to assess the reliability of students' observations of children's aggressive behavior so she had two students observe 100 behaviors displayed by each of 50 children while engaged in play. After viewing each behavior the students recorded the behavior as being aggressive or nonaggresive. Afiya then computed the percentage of times the two students agreed on their assessment of each behavior. Afiya used what method of assessing reliability?

Accepted Answer

A)  interobserver agreement 
B)  Cronbach's alpha 
C)  internal consistency reliability 
D)  test-retest reliability 
A)  interobserver agreement 
B)  Cronbach's alpha 
C)  internal consistency reliability 
D)  test-retest reliability

Question 20

A__________ is the full set of all individuals of interest and is typically hard to assess fully.

Accepted Answer

A)  sample 
B)  population 
C)  sampling error 
D)  statistic 
A)  sample 
B)  population 
C)  sampling error 
D)  statistic

Suppose you have created a new method of diagnosing anxiety disorders. How could you demonstrate that your method is construct valid?

To study career aspirations among high school students in Alabama, a researcher randomly selects 5% of the state's school districts and gives all the students in each district a survey designed to measure career goals. What sampling procedure is being used here?

A study examines scores on an employment test and job performance six months later. This study is most likely attempting to establish

Which of the following measurement scales is accurately paired with an example?

_________is the assignment of symbols or numbers to something according to a set of rules.

In order to establish the reliability of a measure of intelligence, Kevin administers two forms of the test to a group of students. Which of the following reliability coefficient values would indicate the most reliability for the test?

Which of the following nonrandom sampling techniques would be most similar to stratified random sampling?

A major advantage of randomly selecting participants from a population is that

Which of the following illustrates reliability?

An)_________ is a list of all members of a population.

Which of the following situations would NOT necessitate a larger sample size?

Dr. Konrad contacts the registrar at his university to get a complete list of students enrolled. He wants to draw a simple random sample from the entire population. He does this to make sure he is creating a

When conducting psychological research we want the research to be valid. Reliability and validity are necessary ingredients of valid research. The relationship between validity and reliability is that

If we include items assessing memory, logic, and verbal comprehension on an intelligence test - as opposed to food preferences or shoe size - then we have satisfied which of the following types of validity?

Jenna would like to establish the reliability of a new measure of self-esteem but she doesn't have enough time to administer her test more than once. Which of the following methods of establishing reliability would you suggest to Jenna?

______validity is validity that is assessed by experts.

Dr. Saucer is in the process of drawing individuals from a population to be included in a sample. This process is called

A__________ is the full set of all individuals of interest and is typically hard to assess fully.

Introduction to Scientific Research

Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

Ethics

Research Validity

Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Survey Research

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Filters

Exam 5: Measuring Variables and Sampling

Suppose you have created a new method of diagnosing anxiety disorders. How could you demonstrate that your method is construct valid?

To study career aspirations among high school students in Alabama, a researcher randomly selects 5% of the state's school districts and gives all the students in each district a survey designed to measure career goals. What sampling procedure is being used here?

A study examines scores on an employment test and job performance six months later. This study is most likely attempting to establish

Which of the following measurement scales is accurately paired with an example?

_________is the assignment of symbols or numbers to something according to a set of rules.

In order to establish the reliability of a measure of intelligence, Kevin administers two forms of the test to a group of students. Which of the following reliability coefficient values would indicate the most reliability for the test?

Which of the following nonrandom sampling techniques would be most similar to stratified random sampling?

A major advantage of randomly selecting participants from a population is that

Which of the following illustrates reliability?

An)_________ is a list of all members of a population.

Which of the following situations would NOT necessitate a larger sample size?

Dr. Konrad contacts the registrar at his university to get a complete list of students enrolled. He wants to draw a simple random sample from the entire population. He does this to make sure he is creating a

When conducting psychological research we want the research to be valid. Reliability and validity are necessary ingredients of valid research. The relationship between validity and reliability is that

If we include items assessing memory, logic, and verbal comprehension on an intelligence test - as opposed to food preferences or shoe size - then we have satisfied which of the following types of validity?

Jenna would like to establish the reliability of a new measure of self-esteem but she doesn't have enough time to administer her test more than once. Which of the following methods of establishing reliability would you suggest to Jenna?

______validity is validity that is assessed by experts.

Dr. Saucer is in the process of drawing individuals from a population to be included in a sample. This process is called

A__________ is the full set of all individuals of interest and is typically hard to assess fully.

Introduction to Scientific Research

Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

Ethics

Research Validity

Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Survey Research

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Filters