Question 1

A scientific hypothesis is

Accepted Answer

A)  a predicted relation that exists among the variables. 
B)  a statement of what the researcher expects to find. 
C)  sometimes derived from theories. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  a predicted relation that exists among the variables. 
B)  a statement of what the researcher expects to find. 
C)  sometimes derived from theories. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 2

Dr. Marshall is interested in researching the feeding habits of humpback whales in the wild. Which of the following feasibility issues will be the most difficult one for him to deal with?

Accepted Answer

A)  time 
B)  expense 
C)  ethics 
D)  all equally difficult 
A)  time 
B)  expense 
C)  ethics 
D)  all equally difficult

Question 3

Which of the following is probably the major concern about internet resources in exploring your research idea?

Accepted Answer

A)  the accuracy of information at some Web sites 
B)  the accuracy of information posted on Listserv's 
C)  the theft of your research idea by hackers 
D)  the quality of information received by e-mail from other researchers in the field 
A)  the accuracy of information at some Web sites 
B)  the accuracy of information posted on Listserv's 
C)  the theft of your research idea by hackers 
D)  the quality of information received by e-mail from other researchers in the field

Question 4

A "theory" is best defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  a researchers best guess about the reality of the phenomenon he is studying. 
B)  a series of hypotheses not yet supported by empirical evidence. 
C)  a group of statements that explains how and why something works and makes predictions 
D)  the best tentative solution to a specific problem, open to change. 
A)  a researchers best guess about the reality of the phenomenon he is studying. 
B)  a series of hypotheses not yet supported by empirical evidence. 
C)  a group of statements that explains how and why something works and makes predictions 
D)  the best tentative solution to a specific problem, open to change.

Question 5

After you have developed a research idea, the next step is to

Accepted Answer

A)  determine if the study is feasible. 
B)  review the literature. 
C)  write a scientific hypothesis. 
D)  write a null hypothesis. 
A)  determine if the study is feasible. 
B)  review the literature. 
C)  write a scientific hypothesis. 
D)  write a null hypothesis.

Question 6

The primary reason for doing a literature review is to

Accepted Answer

A)  determine which statistical test to use. 
B)  find the proper phrasing of the scientific hypothesis. 
C)  determine the current state of knowledge in the area. 
D)  determine who should be in the participant pool. 
A)  determine which statistical test to use. 
B)  find the proper phrasing of the scientific hypothesis. 
C)  determine the current state of knowledge in the area. 
D)  determine who should be in the participant pool.

Question 7

E-mail can be used in the research process by

Accepted Answer

A)  using it to get on-line references from the Internet. 
B)  allowing you to communicate with other scientists and authors. 
C)  allowing you to send phone messages. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  using it to get on-line references from the Internet. 
B)  allowing you to communicate with other scientists and authors. 
C)  allowing you to send phone messages. 
D)  none of the above.

Question 8

Once you have reviewed the literature on a topic, you are in a position to

Accepted Answer

A)  begin collecting data. 
B)  determine the feasibility of your study. 
C)  formulate a research problem. 
D)  write a review article for the Annual Review of Psychology. 
A)  begin collecting data. 
B)  determine the feasibility of your study. 
C)  formulate a research problem. 
D)  write a review article for the Annual Review of Psychology.

Question 9

It is useful for a research problem to be stated as precisely as possible because

Accepted Answer

A)  specific questions are more likely to be proved correct. 
B)  the more specific the question is, the easier it is to get statistical significance. 
C)  a specific question allows the researcher to focus on only one variable at a time. 
D)  specific questions help the researcher decide what techniques, participants, and measures to use. 
A)  specific questions are more likely to be proved correct. 
B)  the more specific the question is, the easier it is to get statistical significance. 
C)  a specific question allows the researcher to focus on only one variable at a time. 
D)  specific questions help the researcher decide what techniques, participants, and measures to use.

Question 10

"Students who use mental imagery to study for an exam will do better than those who do not." This sentence is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a biased hypothesis. 
B)  a research problem. 
C)  a scientific hypothesis. 
D)  a null hypothesis. 
A)  a biased hypothesis. 
B)  a research problem. 
C)  a scientific hypothesis. 
D)  a null hypothesis.

Question 11

_____are e-mail discussion groups that are organized around a specific topic. Messages are distributed to all members of the group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Academic chatrooms 
B)  Metacrawlers 
C)  Listservs 
D)  Electronic meeting rooms 
A)  Academic chatrooms 
B)  Metacrawlers 
C)  Listservs 
D)  Electronic meeting rooms

Question 12

When evaluating the validity of information on the internet, which of the following is important information to find on the authority of an author?

Accepted Answer

A)  number of testimonials 
B)  email address 
C)  credentials 
D)  opinions 
A)  number of testimonials 
B)  email address 
C)  credentials 
D)  opinions

Question 13

Which of the following might you find in the Annual Review of Psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  a report on one recent research project examining the relationship between poverty and 4th grade reading ability 
B)  the abstracts of journal articles on concept formation published in the past 12 months 
C)  an in-depth discussion of last year's major journal articles on the relationship between medication and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 
D)  a list of all articles on psychology published in the last year, arranged by topic 
A)  a report on one recent research project examining the relationship between poverty and 4th grade reading ability 
B)  the abstracts of journal articles on concept formation published in the past 12 months 
C)  an in-depth discussion of last year's major journal articles on the relationship between medication and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 
D)  a list of all articles on psychology published in the last year, arranged by topic

Question 14

What part of a scholarly journal article should you read to get an overview of the research to determine if you want to read the entire article?

Accepted Answer

A)  abstract 
B)  introduction 
C)  methods 
D)  discussion 
A)  abstract 
B)  introduction 
C)  methods 
D)  discussion

Question 15

A research problem states the issue to be studied in question form. A scientific hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A)  states the predicted relationship between/among variables. 
B)  specifies the procedure that the experimenter will use to answer the question. 
C)  is another name for the research problem. 
D)  states what statistics will be used to answer the research problem. 
A)  states the predicted relationship between/among variables. 
B)  specifies the procedure that the experimenter will use to answer the question. 
C)  is another name for the research problem. 
D)  states what statistics will be used to answer the research problem.

Question 16

The internet and world wide web can be useful when conducting a literature review. What should you be most concerned with when using the web or internet in your search?

Accepted Answer

A)  reliability of the information 
B)  appearance of the information 
C)  validity of the information 
D)  nothing, the internet is perfect 
A)  reliability of the information 
B)  appearance of the information 
C)  validity of the information 
D)  nothing, the internet is perfect

Question 17

When evaluating the validity of information on the internet "coverage" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the length of the webpage 
B)  viewing information without pay fees 
C)  having a .edu, .gov, or .org domain extension 
D)  none of the above 
A)  the length of the webpage 
B)  viewing information without pay fees 
C)  having a .edu, .gov, or .org domain extension 
D)  none of the above

Question 18

According to Kerlinger 1973) and as presented in your text, a good research problem must meet several criteria. Which of the following is NOT among them?

Accepted Answer

A)  It should be open to empirical investigation. 
B)  It should be stated in the form of a question. 
C)  It should suggest some relationship between/among variables. 
D)  It must apply to multiple species. 
A)  It should be open to empirical investigation. 
B)  It should be stated in the form of a question. 
C)  It should suggest some relationship between/among variables. 
D)  It must apply to multiple species.

Question 19

Why are psychological theories often a good source for research ideas?

Accepted Answer

A)  because theories are basically everyday guesses about reality that need empirical verification 
B)  because theories often make specific predictions about relationships among variables that must then be tested empirically 
C)  because theories are usually about esoteric issues with no practical application, and research makes theory more practical 
D)  because theories do not have testable hypotheses 
A)  because theories are basically everyday guesses about reality that need empirical verification 
B)  because theories often make specific predictions about relationships among variables that must then be tested empirically 
C)  because theories are usually about esoteric issues with no practical application, and research makes theory more practical 
D)  because theories do not have testable hypotheses

Question 20

In general, most psychological experiments result in data that

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot be clearly interpreted. 
B)  can only suggest future experiments. 
C)  either refute or fail to refute the null hypothesis. 
D)  fail to support both the null and scientific hypothesis. 
A)  cannot be clearly interpreted. 
B)  can only suggest future experiments. 
C)  either refute or fail to refute the null hypothesis. 
D)  fail to support both the null and scientific hypothesis.

A scientific hypothesis is

Dr. Marshall is interested in researching the feeding habits of humpback whales in the wild. Which of the following feasibility issues will be the most difficult one for him to deal with?

Which of the following is probably the major concern about internet resources in exploring your research idea?

A "theory" is best defined as

After you have developed a research idea, the next step is to

The primary reason for doing a literature review is to

E-mail can be used in the research process by

Once you have reviewed the literature on a topic, you are in a position to

It is useful for a research problem to be stated as precisely as possible because

"Students who use mental imagery to study for an exam will do better than those who do not." This sentence is an example of

_____are e-mail discussion groups that are organized around a specific topic. Messages are distributed to all members of the group.

When evaluating the validity of information on the internet, which of the following is important information to find on the authority of an author?

Which of the following might you find in the Annual Review of Psychology?

What part of a scholarly journal article should you read to get an overview of the research to determine if you want to read the entire article?

A research problem states the issue to be studied in question form. A scientific hypothesis

The internet and world wide web can be useful when conducting a literature review. What should you be most concerned with when using the web or internet in your search?

When evaluating the validity of information on the internet "coverage" refers to

According to Kerlinger 1973) and as presented in your text, a good research problem must meet several criteria. Which of the following is NOT among them?

Why are psychological theories often a good source for research ideas?

In general, most psychological experiments result in data that

Introduction to Scientific Research

Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Ethics

Measuring Variables and Sampling

Research Validity

Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Survey Research

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Filters

Exam 3: Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

A scientific hypothesis is

Dr. Marshall is interested in researching the feeding habits of humpback whales in the wild. Which of the following feasibility issues will be the most difficult one for him to deal with?

Which of the following is probably the major concern about internet resources in exploring your research idea?

A "theory" is best defined as

After you have developed a research idea, the next step is to

The primary reason for doing a literature review is to

E-mail can be used in the research process by

Once you have reviewed the literature on a topic, you are in a position to

It is useful for a research problem to be stated as precisely as possible because

"Students who use mental imagery to study for an exam will do better than those who do not." This sentence is an example of

_____are e-mail discussion groups that are organized around a specific topic. Messages are distributed to all members of the group.

When evaluating the validity of information on the internet, which of the following is important information to find on the authority of an author?

Which of the following might you find in the Annual Review of Psychology?

What part of a scholarly journal article should you read to get an overview of the research to determine if you want to read the entire article?

A research problem states the issue to be studied in question form. A scientific hypothesis

The internet and world wide web can be useful when conducting a literature review. What should you be most concerned with when using the web or internet in your search?

When evaluating the validity of information on the internet "coverage" refers to

According to Kerlinger 1973) and as presented in your text, a good research problem must meet several criteria. Which of the following is NOT among them?

Why are psychological theories often a good source for research ideas?

In general, most psychological experiments result in data that

Introduction to Scientific Research

Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Ethics

Measuring Variables and Sampling

Research Validity

Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Survey Research

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Filters