Question 1

Figure 4.3
  
-In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. A

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT part of the passive transport process?

Accepted Answer

A)  concentration gradient 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  transporter proteins 
D)  plasma membrane 
E)  ATP 
A)  concentration gradient 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  transporter proteins 
D)  plasma membrane 
E)  ATP E

Question 3

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane. 
B)  They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment. 
C)  They are toxic to humans. 
D)  They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids. 
E)  They are sensitive to penicillin. 
A)  Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane. 
B)  They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment. 
C)  They are toxic to humans. 
D)  They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids. 
E)  They are sensitive to penicillin. E

Question 4

Fimbriae and pili differ in that

Accepted Answer

A)  there are only one or two pili per cell. 
B)  pili are used for motility. 
C)  pili are used to transfer DNA. 
D)  pili are used for attachment to surfaces. 
E)  pili are used for transfer of DNA and motility. 
A)  there are only one or two pili per cell. 
B)  pili are used for motility. 
C)  pili are used to transfer DNA. 
D)  pili are used for attachment to surfaces. 
E)  pili are used for transfer of DNA and motility.

Question 5

The internal structure of eukaryotic cilia and flagella are the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Each of the following statements concerning the gram-positive cell wall is true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  it protects the cell in a hypertonic environment. 
B)  it contains teichoic acids. 
C)  it is sensitive to penicillin. 
D)  it is sensitive to lysozyme. 
E)  it maintains the shape of the cell. 
A)  it protects the cell in a hypertonic environment. 
B)  it contains teichoic acids. 
C)  it is sensitive to penicillin. 
D)  it is sensitive to lysozyme. 
E)  it maintains the shape of the cell.

Question 7

Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory. The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol 
B)  lysozyme 
C)  polymixins 
D)  water 
E)  mycolic acid 
A)  alcohol 
B)  lysozyme 
C)  polymixins 
D)  water 
E)  mycolic acid

Question 8

Which structure acts like an ʺinvisibility cloakʺ and protects bacteria from being phagocytized?

Accepted Answer

A)  capsule 
B)  cell wall 
C)  cell membrane 
D)  fimbriae 
E)  slime layer 
A)  capsule 
B)  cell wall 
C)  cell membrane 
D)  fimbriae 
E)  slime layer

Question 9

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They lack membrane-enclosed organelles. 
B)  Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane. 
C)  They lack a plasma membrane. 
D)  They typically have a circular chromosome. 
E)  They reproduce by binary fission. 
A)  They lack membrane-enclosed organelles. 
B)  Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane. 
C)  They lack a plasma membrane. 
D)  They typically have a circular chromosome. 
E)  They reproduce by binary fission.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus -nucleiod region 
B)  mitochondria - prokaryotic plasma membrane 
C)  chloroplasts - thylakoids 
D)  9+2 flagella - bacterial flagella 
E)  cilia - pili 
A)  nucleus -nucleiod region 
B)  mitochondria - prokaryotic plasma membrane 
C)  chloroplasts - thylakoids 
D)  9+2 flagella - bacterial flagella 
E)  cilia - pili

Question 11

Which of the following structures is NOT found in some prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  pilus 
B)  axial filament 
C)  cilium 
D)  flagellum 
E)  peritrichous flagella 
A)  pilus 
B)  axial filament 
C)  cilium 
D)  flagellum 
E)  peritrichous flagella

Question 12

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes 
B)  the plasma membrane, around organelles, and surrounding flagella 
C)  the plasma membrane 
D)  around organelles 
E)  surrounding flagella 
A)  ribosomes 
B)  the plasma membrane, around organelles, and surrounding flagella 
C)  the plasma membrane 
D)  around organelles 
E)  surrounding flagella

Question 13

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing. 
B)  Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes by producing a dormant period with no growth. 
C)  A cell can produce many endospores. 
D)  Endospores are for reproduction. 
E)  Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain. 
A)  A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing. 
B)  Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes by producing a dormant period with no growth. 
C)  A cell can produce many endospores. 
D)  Endospores are for reproduction. 
E)  Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain.

Question 14

Endospores are a reproductive structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Figure 4.1
  
-Which drawing in Figure 4.1 is streptococci?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e

Question 16

Antibiotics that target the cell wall are an effective treatment against many pathogenic bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  simple diffusion 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  extracellular enzymes 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  simple diffusion 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  extracellular enzymes 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion

Question 18

A gram-positive bacterium suddenly acquires resistance to the antibiotic methicillin. This trait most likely occurred due to acquisition of new genetic information through

Accepted Answer

A)  meisosis. 
B)  transduction. 
C)  conjugation. 
D)  binary fission. 
E)  transformation. 
A)  meisosis. 
B)  transduction. 
C)  conjugation. 
D)  binary fission. 
E)  transformation.

Question 19

The terms ʺrunʺ and ʺtumbleʺ are generally associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane synthesis. 
B)  taxic movements of the cell in response to attractants or repellents. 
C)  cell wall fluidity. 
D)  clustering properties of certain rod-shaped bacteria. 
A)  cell membrane synthesis. 
B)  taxic movements of the cell in response to attractants or repellents. 
C)  cell wall fluidity. 
D)  clustering properties of certain rod-shaped bacteria.

Question 20

The number of organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is the same in all eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Which of the following is NOT part of the passive transport process?

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?

Fimbriae and pili differ in that

The internal structure of eukaryotic cilia and flagella are the same.

Each of the following statements concerning the gram-positive cell wall is true EXCEPT

Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory. The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?

Which structure acts like an ʺinvisibility cloakʺ and protects bacteria from being phagocytized?

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

Which of the following structures is NOT found in some prokaryotic cells?

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a eukaryotic cell?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Endospores are a reproductive structure.

Figure 4.1 -Which drawing in Figure 4.1 is streptococci?

Antibiotics that target the cell wall are an effective treatment against many pathogenic bacteria.

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

A gram-positive bacterium suddenly acquires resistance to the antibiotic methicillin. This trait most likely occurred due to acquisition of new genetic information through

The terms ʺrunʺ and ʺtumbleʺ are generally associated with

The number of organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum is the same in all eukaryotic cells.

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

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