Exam 15: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Twenty-five people developed symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea three to six hours after attending a church picnic where they ate a ham and green bean casserole with cream sauce. The most likely cause of this case of food intoxication is

Ergot and aflatoxin are toxins sometimes found in grains contaminated with fungi.

Siderophores are bacterial proteins that compete with the hostʹs

All of the following are methods of avoiding host antibodies EXCEPT

Bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella produce invasins that bind host cells, thus causing the cells to

Polio is transmitted by ingestion of water contaminated with feces containing polio virus. What portal of entry does polio virus use?

The M protein enhances the virulence of Streptococcus by preventing phagocytosis.

Symptoms of intense inflammation and shock occur in some gram -positive bacterial infections due to

All of the following bacteria release endotoxin EXCEPT

Nonpathogenic Vibrio cholerae can acquire the cholera toxin gene by

In A-B exotoxins, the A component binds to the host cell receptor so that the B component can enter the cell.

Biofilms provide pathogens with an adhesion mechanism and aid in resistance to antimicrobial agents.

The Limulus amoebocyte assay is used to detect minute amounts of endotoxin in drugs and medical devices.

Endotoxins are

Which of the following cytopathic effects is cytocidal?

In general, the LD50 for exotoxins is much greater than the LD50 for endotoxins.

Patients developed inflammation a few hours following eye surgery. Instruments and solutions were sterile, and the Limulus assay was positive. The patientsʹ inflammation was due to

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the symptoms of a fungal disease?

Injectable drugs are tested for endotoxins by

Superantigens produce intense immune responses by stimulating lymphocytes to produce