Question 1

Continuous traits are often influenced by multiple simple (Mendelian) genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is the main problem stemming from inadequately small sample sizes in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sampling error 
B)  The sample is not representative of the population. 
C)  The sample may not be random. 
D)  The sample may be a biased subset of data points. 
E)  All of the above are true. 
A)  Sampling error 
B)  The sample is not representative of the population. 
C)  The sample may not be random. 
D)  The sample may be a biased subset of data points. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Question 3

Distinguish between polygenic and multifactorial traits.

Accepted Answer

Polygenic traits are quantitat

Question 4

Epistasis refers to the phenomenon where a given gene influences the expression of one or more other genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In Mendel's day, "particulate" inheritance would have made less sense to people than blending inheritance. Why so?

Accepted Answer

It was unusual to focus on specific trai

Question 6

Human fingerprints are a good example of a multifactorial trait. What evidence can you cite to suggest that fingerprints are partially influenced by genes? How about evidence suggesting that they are partially influenced by environmental factors?

Accepted Answer

Observations suggesting there is a genet

Question 7

Populations of the snail Cepaea nemoralis exhibit three color morphs, a good example of a ________ trait.

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous 
B)  quantitative 
C)  discontinuous 
D)  polygenic 
E)  B, C, and D 
A)  continuous 
B)  quantitative 
C)  discontinuous 
D)  polygenic 
E)  B, C, and D

Question 8

Heritability can only be measured for

Accepted Answer

A)  traits with genotypic but not phenotypic variance. 
B)  traits with phenotypic variance. 
C)  discrete traits. 
D)  polygenic traits. 
E)  none of the above. 
A)  traits with genotypic but not phenotypic variance. 
B)  traits with phenotypic variance. 
C)  discrete traits. 
D)  polygenic traits. 
E)  none of the above.

Question 9

Multiple elements of the genome (chromosomal regions) linked through genetic analysis with specific phenotypic traits are also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous traits. 
B)  discontinous traits. 
C)  multifactorial traits. 
D)  quantitative trait loci. 
E)  polygenic loci. 
A)  continuous traits. 
B)  discontinous traits. 
C)  multifactorial traits. 
D)  quantitative trait loci. 
E)  polygenic loci.

Question 10

The average adult height in the U.S. population has increased by several centimeters over the past two generations. Is this likely to reflect a change in the genetic makeup of the population, a change in environmental factors, or both? Explain.

Accepted Answer

There has been no directional

Question 11

A broad-sense heritability of 0.8 for a particular trait indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic differences among individuals account for much of the phenotypic variation for that trait. 
B)  the trait is 80 percent heritable. 
C)  phenotypic variation stems from environmental influences. 
D)  genes and environment play equal roles in shaping the trait. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  genetic differences among individuals account for much of the phenotypic variation for that trait. 
B)  the trait is 80 percent heritable. 
C)  phenotypic variation stems from environmental influences. 
D)  genes and environment play equal roles in shaping the trait. 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

In parent-offspring regression, the average value of the parents is termed the

Accepted Answer

A)  parental average. 
B)  modal parental value. 
C)  midparent value. 
D)  median parental value. 
E)  mean parental value. 
A)  parental average. 
B)  modal parental value. 
C)  midparent value. 
D)  median parental value. 
E)  mean parental value.

Question 13

Narrow-sense heritability is a more useful measure than broad-sense heritability in agricultural selective breeding.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The mean value of a quantitative trait in F1 offspring is generally smaller than either of the values of the parentals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

When graphing a distribution of phenotypes for a continuous trait, a broad curve implies

Accepted Answer

A)  a large standard deviation. 
B)  zero regression line slope. 
C)  a large correlation coefficient. 
D)  little variation in the phenotypes. 
E)  a small variance. 
A)  a large standard deviation. 
B)  zero regression line slope. 
C)  a large correlation coefficient. 
D)  little variation in the phenotypes. 
E)  a small variance.

Question 16

In Emerson and East's maize studies, the range of phenotypic variation in the F2 population was ________ than that of the F1 population, as would be expected under the polygene hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same as 
B)  smaller 
C)  greater 
D)  random compared with 
E)  None of the above 
A)  the same as 
B)  smaller 
C)  greater 
D)  random compared with 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

If you measured narrow-sense heritability of a crop plant trait at 0.25, what would that value mean in terms of the ease of selecting the trait in a selective breeding program?

Accepted Answer

This heritability value is rat

Question 18

As the number of genes influencing a quantitative trait increases, the range of phenotypic variation is expected to increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Narrow-sense heritability for a trait can be obtained from a regression of midparent value on offspring value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In the general regression equation y = mx + b, variables m and b are ________ and ________, respectively.

Accepted Answer

A)  x-intercept, y-intercept 
B)  regression line slope, y-intercept 
C)  narrow-sense heritability, broad-sense heritability 
D)  y-intercept, x-intercept 
E)  y-intercept, regression line slope 
A)  x-intercept, y-intercept 
B)  regression line slope, y-intercept 
C)  narrow-sense heritability, broad-sense heritability 
D)  y-intercept, x-intercept 
E)  y-intercept, regression line slope

Exam 5: Quantitative Genetics

Continuous traits are often influenced by multiple simple (Mendelian) genes.

Which of the following is the main problem stemming from inadequately small sample sizes in statistics?

Distinguish between polygenic and multifactorial traits.

Epistasis refers to the phenomenon where a given gene influences the expression of one or more other genes.

In Mendel's day, "particulate" inheritance would have made less sense to people than blending inheritance. Why so?

Human fingerprints are a good example of a multifactorial trait. What evidence can you cite to suggest that fingerprints are partially influenced by genes? How about evidence suggesting that they are partially influenced by environmental factors?

Populations of the snail Cepaea nemoralis exhibit three color morphs, a good example of a ________ trait.

Heritability can only be measured for

Multiple elements of the genome (chromosomal regions) linked through genetic analysis with specific phenotypic traits are also known as

The average adult height in the U.S. population has increased by several centimeters over the past two generations. Is this likely to reflect a change in the genetic makeup of the population, a change in environmental factors, or both? Explain.

A broad-sense heritability of 0.8 for a particular trait indicates that

In parent-offspring regression, the average value of the parents is termed the

Narrow-sense heritability is a more useful measure than broad-sense heritability in agricultural selective breeding.

The mean value of a quantitative trait in F1 offspring is generally smaller than either of the values of the parentals.

When graphing a distribution of phenotypes for a continuous trait, a broad curve implies

In Emerson and East's maize studies, the range of phenotypic variation in the F2 population was ________ than that of the F1 population, as would be expected under the polygene hypothesis.

If you measured narrow-sense heritability of a crop plant trait at 0.25, what would that value mean in terms of the ease of selecting the trait in a selective breeding program?

As the number of genes influencing a quantitative trait increases, the range of phenotypic variation is expected to increase.

Narrow-sense heritability for a trait can be obtained from a regression of midparent value on offspring value.

In the general regression equation y = mx + b, variables m and b are ________ and ________, respectively.

Genetics of Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variations in Chromosome Structure and Number

Advanced Gene Mapping in Eukaryotes

Gene Mapping in Eukaryotes

Extensions of Mendelian Genetic Principles

Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Molecular Evolution

Population Genetics

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetics of Cancer

Genetic Analysis of Development

Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Mendelian Genetics

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Genomics

Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology

Recombinant DNA Technology

DNA Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposable Elements

Gene Expression: Translation

Gene Expression: Transcription

Gene Control of Proteins

DNA Replication

DNA: The Genetic Material

Genetics: an Introduction

Filters

In the general regression equation y = mx + b, variables m and b are and , respectively.