Exam 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in the First Two Years

During the first year of life, Piaget thought children's thinking was ____________, while during they second year of life, they become able to think about ____________.

Developmentalists generally agree that young children form categories on the basis of perceptual features exclusively.

Explain why some psychologists think that infants 4 to 8 months old believe that objects continue to exist when they are hidden. Cite examples.

Provide two pieces of evidence suggesting that infants are capable of simple mathematical calculations.

What is the primary difference between substages 3 and 4 of Piaget's sensorimotor period?

Discuss research on the development of infants' categorization abilities. Describe two main explanations for age­related differences in categorization.

Studies of motor development highlight the critical role of:

According to Piaget, infants between the ages of 4 and 8 months act on the world through:

What is the typical result when a baby's own assessment of risk conflicts with the caregivers' social signals?

Describe the four phases involved in the process of attention.

The infants of the Ache, who are discouraged from early acquisition of motor abilities, acquire the ability to walk:

At what age do MOST children learn to stay dry throughout the night?

Explain the logic of the violation of expectations method. Give an example of how research using this method has contributed to scientific understandings of infant conceptual development.

Which of the following is the first action involved in eating with a spoon that children master?

By 24 months of age, their increased manual dexterity helps children to turn pages of a book.

Explain the developmental progression of walking. Be sure to include the integration of movements of many parts of the body which infants must master to locomote any distance.

Piaget's notion of object permanence refers to the idea that:

How have changes in research paradigms given new insight into what children do and do not know about hidden objects?

During the first postnatal year, an infant's muscles:

In which scenario is Brandon exhibiting "stimulus orienting"?