Question 1

Children of authoritarian parents:

Accepted Answer

A) tend to lack social competence. 
B) behave with spontaneity and curiosity. 
C) often take the initiative in social interactions. 
D) are more self­controlled and self­reliant than other children. 
A) tend to lack social competence. 
B) behave with spontaneity and curiosity. 
C) often take the initiative in social interactions. 
D) are more self­controlled and self­reliant than other children.

Question 2

Fathering practices associated with ____________ parenting seem to be the most beneficial to children.

Accepted Answer

A) authoritarian 
B) authoritative 
C) permissive 
D) neglectful 
A) authoritarian 
B) authoritative 
C) permissive 
D) neglectful

Question 3

Research conducted in Europe as well as the United States indicates that the intellectual development of children in high­quality child­care centers is:

Accepted Answer

A) generally not as good as that of children raised at home by their parents. 
B) almost always better than that of children raised at home by their parents. 
C) at least as good as that of children raised at home by their parents. 
D) not as good for children of low­income parents, but is better for children of higher­income parents, compared to that of children raised at home by their parents. 
A) generally not as good as that of children raised at home by their parents. 
B) almost always better than that of children raised at home by their parents. 
C) at least as good as that of children raised at home by their parents. 
D) not as good for children of low­income parents, but is better for children of higher­income parents, compared to that of children raised at home by their parents.

Question 4

In some cases, experience in high­quality child­care programs lessens or prevents the decline in intellectual performance that sometimes occurs in children of low socioeconomic backgrounds who would otherwise remain at home.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The Whitings' studies of six cultures:

Accepted Answer

A) showed that parents rarely try to control their children's behavior. 
B) found different child­rearing practices among individuals within Kenyan society. 
C) concluded that the Gusii of Kenya are prosocial and that U.S.children are self­centered. 
D) contributed to our knowledge of how cultural differences shape children's personalities and behavior. 
A) showed that parents rarely try to control their children's behavior. 
B) found different child­rearing practices among individuals within Kenyan society. 
C) concluded that the Gusii of Kenya are prosocial and that U.S.children are self­centered. 
D) contributed to our knowledge of how cultural differences shape children's personalities and behavior.

Question 6

Research has found that compared to children raised in heterosexual families, children raised in gay and lesbian households ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) are no different in terms of psychological well­being, peer relationships, and behavioral adjustment. 
B) have better previous relationships and behavioral adjustment, but show no difference in psychological well­being. 
C) have worse psychological well­being, peer relationships, and behavioral adjustment. 
D) have better psychological well­being, peer relationships, and behavioral adjustment. 
A) are no different in terms of psychological well­being, peer relationships, and behavioral adjustment. 
B) have better previous relationships and behavioral adjustment, but show no difference in psychological well­being. 
C) have worse psychological well­being, peer relationships, and behavioral adjustment. 
D) have better psychological well­being, peer relationships, and behavioral adjustment.

Question 7

Environmental and personal factors that are the source of children's resilience in the face of hardship are called:

Accepted Answer

A) constructivist factors. 
B) constitutional factors. 
C) protective factors. 
D) macrosystem factors. 
A) constructivist factors. 
B) constitutional factors. 
C) protective factors. 
D) macrosystem factors.

Question 8

According to the Whitings, having chores that are not clearly related to the family's economic welfare leads children to become less:

Accepted Answer

A) nurturant­responsible. 
B) authoritarian­aggressive. 
C) sociable­intimate. 
D) dependent­dominant. 
A) nurturant­responsible. 
B) authoritarian­aggressive. 
C) sociable­intimate. 
D) dependent­dominant.

Question 9

Imagine that you have a friend who is asking you for advice about raising her preschool child. She says "I'm going back to work and need to find child care for Alex. What options are there for nonparental care? What are some of the benefits and limitations of each option?" Based on the information you learned in this chapter, what do you tell her?

Accepted Answer

There are several options for nonparenta

Question 10

"Hostile family environment," "impoverished community" and "poor peer relations" are all examples of:

Accepted Answer

A) protective factors. 
B) risk factors. 
C) prevention variables. 
D) public policies. 
A) protective factors. 
B) risk factors. 
C) prevention variables. 
D) public policies.

Question 11

Risk factors cause poor developmental outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What are the long­term consequences of abuse? What factors seem to buffer children from negative outcomes?

Accepted Answer

The long-term consequences of abuse can

Question 13

Children who attend child­care centers in the United States tend to be more:

Accepted Answer

A) polite. 
B) dependent on adults. 
C) independent of adults. 
D) compliant with adults. 
A) polite. 
B) dependent on adults. 
C) independent of adults. 
D) compliant with adults.

Question 14

Parents who demonstrate the ____________ pattern set high standards for their children, but also recognize that their children have needs and rights.

Accepted Answer

A) authoritative 
B) authoritarian 
C) permissive 
D) indulgent 
A) authoritative 
B) authoritarian 
C) permissive 
D) indulgent

Question 15

In a study of family dynamics of African­American families by Kesner and McKenry, there were no differences between the children of single­parent families and two­parent families on measures of social skills and conflict­management styles. How did the researchers interpret their results?

Accepted Answer

A) African­Americans generally are more supportive of single­parent families. 
B) African­Americans are more likely to have extended families that provide a network of support. 
C) A large number of the mothers in their study were never married; therefore, they never experienced the disruptions that accompany divorce. 
D) All of the answers are correct. 
A) African­Americans generally are more supportive of single­parent families. 
B) African­Americans are more likely to have extended families that provide a network of support. 
C) A large number of the mothers in their study were never married; therefore, they never experienced the disruptions that accompany divorce. 
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 16

When comparing the results from studies of single­ parent families across ethnic groups, what conclusions can be drawn?

Accepted Answer

A) Children in single­parent families are always at risk for developmental problems. 
B) Children in single­parent families always experience financial hardship. 
C) The social and emotional outcomes are similar for children from single­parent families and from two­ parent families. 
D) Both the economic and the cultural context are important determinants of child outcomes in these families. 
A) Children in single­parent families are always at risk for developmental problems. 
B) Children in single­parent families always experience financial hardship. 
C) The social and emotional outcomes are similar for children from single­parent families and from two­ parent families. 
D) Both the economic and the cultural context are important determinants of child outcomes in these families.

Question 17

Angi thinks it is best to be friends with your children. She allows her children to do whatever they want and set their own rules. Angi is using which kind of parenting style?

Accepted Answer

A) authoritarian 
B) authoritative 
C) permissive 
D) neglectful 
A) authoritarian 
B) authoritative 
C) permissive 
D) neglectful

Question 18

According to Baumrind, permissive parents:

Accepted Answer

A) are unlikely to consult children about family policies. 
B) exert little explicit control over their children's behavior. 
C) attempt to control children through explanation and reason. 
D) demand achievement and mature behaviors from their children. 
A) are unlikely to consult children about family policies. 
B) exert little explicit control over their children's behavior. 
C) attempt to control children through explanation and reason. 
D) demand achievement and mature behaviors from their children.

Question 19

Three­year­old Stephen watches a TV program about a fireman who sets buildings on fire and then attempts dramatic rescues. Stephen is likely to:

Accepted Answer

A) realize that this is a fictitious thriller. 
B) want to be a fireman when he grows up. 
C) have difficulty distinguishing between reality and fiction. 
D) recall between 75% to 100% of the content. 
A) realize that this is a fictitious thriller. 
B) want to be a fireman when he grows up. 
C) have difficulty distinguishing between reality and fiction. 
D) recall between 75% to 100% of the content.

Question 20

Baumrind found that children's behavior is:

Accepted Answer

A) not influenced by personality. 
B) independent of parenting style. 
C) related to parenting styles. 
D) influenced mostly by individual differences among children. 
A) not influenced by personality. 
B) independent of parenting style. 
C) related to parenting styles. 
D) influenced mostly by individual differences among children.

Children of authoritarian parents:

Fathering practices associated with ____________ parenting seem to be the most beneficial to children.

Research conducted in Europe as well as the United States indicates that the intellectual development of children in highquality childcare centers is:

In some cases, experience in highquality childcare programs lessens or prevents the decline in intellectual performance that sometimes occurs in children of low socioeconomic backgrounds who would otherwise remain at home.

The Whitings' studies of six cultures:

Research has found that compared to children raised in heterosexual families, children raised in gay and lesbian households ____________.

Environmental and personal factors that are the source of children's resilience in the face of hardship are called:

According to the Whitings, having chores that are not clearly related to the family's economic welfare leads children to become less:

"Hostile family environment," "impoverished community" and "poor peer relations" are all examples of:

Risk factors cause poor developmental outcomes.

What are the longterm consequences of abuse? What factors seem to buffer children from negative outcomes?

Children who attend childcare centers in the United States tend to be more:

Parents who demonstrate the ____________ pattern set high standards for their children, but also recognize that their children have needs and rights.

In a study of family dynamics of AfricanAmerican families by Kesner and McKenry, there were no differences between the children of singleparent families and twoparent families on measures of social skills and conflictmanagement styles. How did the researchers interpret their results?

When comparing the results from studies of single parent families across ethnic groups, what conclusions can be drawn?

Angi thinks it is best to be friends with your children. She allows her children to do whatever they want and set their own rules. Angi is using which kind of parenting style?

According to Baumrind, permissive parents:

Threeyearold Stephen watches a TV program about a fireman who sets buildings on fire and then attempts dramatic rescues. Stephen is likely to:

Baumrind found that children's behavior is:

The Study of Human Development

Biocultural Foundations

Prenatal Development and Birth

The First Three Months

Physical and Cognitive Development in the First Two Years

Emotional and Social Development During Infancy

Language Acquisition

Physical and Cognitive Development of Early Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

School As a Context for Development

Social and Emotional Developments in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Emotional Development During Adolescence

Filters

Exam 10: Contexts of Development

Children of authoritarian parents:

Fathering practices associated with ____________ parenting seem to be the most beneficial to children.

Research conducted in Europe as well as the United States indicates that the intellectual development of children in high­quality child­care centers is:

In some cases, experience in high­quality child­care programs lessens or prevents the decline in intellectual performance that sometimes occurs in children of low socioeconomic backgrounds who would otherwise remain at home.

The Whitings' studies of six cultures:

Research has found that compared to children raised in heterosexual families, children raised in gay and lesbian households ____________.

Environmental and personal factors that are the source of children's resilience in the face of hardship are called:

According to the Whitings, having chores that are not clearly related to the family's economic welfare leads children to become less:

"Hostile family environment," "impoverished community" and "poor peer relations" are all examples of:

Risk factors cause poor developmental outcomes.

What are the long­term consequences of abuse? What factors seem to buffer children from negative outcomes?

Children who attend child­care centers in the United States tend to be more:

Parents who demonstrate the ____________ pattern set high standards for their children, but also recognize that their children have needs and rights.

In a study of family dynamics of African­American families by Kesner and McKenry, there were no differences between the children of single­parent families and two­parent families on measures of social skills and conflict­management styles. How did the researchers interpret their results?

When comparing the results from studies of single­ parent families across ethnic groups, what conclusions can be drawn?

Angi thinks it is best to be friends with your children. She allows her children to do whatever they want and set their own rules. Angi is using which kind of parenting style?

According to Baumrind, permissive parents:

Three­year­old Stephen watches a TV program about a fireman who sets buildings on fire and then attempts dramatic rescues. Stephen is likely to:

Baumrind found that children's behavior is:

The Study of Human Development

Biocultural Foundations

Prenatal Development and Birth

The First Three Months

Physical and Cognitive Development in the First Two Years

Emotional and Social Development During Infancy

Language Acquisition

Physical and Cognitive Development of Early Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

School As a Context for Development

Social and Emotional Developments in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Emotional Development During Adolescence

Filters

Research conducted in Europe as well as the United States indicates that the intellectual development of children in highquality childcare centers is:

In some cases, experience in highquality childcare programs lessens or prevents the decline in intellectual performance that sometimes occurs in children of low socioeconomic backgrounds who would otherwise remain at home.

What are the longterm consequences of abuse? What factors seem to buffer children from negative outcomes?

Children who attend childcare centers in the United States tend to be more:

In a study of family dynamics of AfricanAmerican families by Kesner and McKenry, there were no differences between the children of singleparent families and twoparent families on measures of social skills and conflictmanagement styles. How did the researchers interpret their results?

When comparing the results from studies of single parent families across ethnic groups, what conclusions can be drawn?

Threeyearold Stephen watches a TV program about a fireman who sets buildings on fire and then attempts dramatic rescues. Stephen is likely to: