Question 1

Infants' sensitivity to the distributional properties of the speech they hear helps them

Accepted Answer

A)  pick words out of speech streams. 
B)  differentiate between speech sounds and nonspeech sounds. 
C)  pay more attention to their mothers' speech than to other people's speech. 
D)  attend to paternal speech patterns. 
A)  pick words out of speech streams. 
B)  differentiate between speech sounds and nonspeech sounds. 
C)  pay more attention to their mothers' speech than to other people's speech. 
D)  attend to paternal speech patterns.

Question 2

Which phrase is an example of overregularization?

Accepted Answer

A)  referring to all four-legged animals as "doggie" 
B)  calling a rabbit "wabbit" 
C)  using the word "gooses" 
D)  using the word "elbow" to refer to a knee 
A)  referring to all four-legged animals as "doggie" 
B)  calling a rabbit "wabbit" 
C)  using the word "gooses" 
D)  using the word "elbow" to refer to a knee

Question 3

The length of time between when air passes through the lips and when the vocal cords start vibrating is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  prosody. 
B)  voice onset time. 
C)  categorical perception. 
D)  word segmentation. 
A)  prosody. 
B)  voice onset time. 
C)  categorical perception. 
D)  word segmentation.

Question 4

Samantha is experiencing a "vocabulary spurt." How old is she likely to be?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 months 
B)  12 months 
C)  18 months 
D)  24 months 
A)  6 months 
B)  12 months 
C)  18 months 
D)  24 months

Question 5

Kayla is talking to her infant daughter. Based on what you know about IDS, you can expect Kayla to do all of these EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  use slower speech. 
B)  enhance the clarity of vowel sounds. 
C)  show less pitch variability. 
D)  use exaggerated facial expressions. 
A)  use slower speech. 
B)  enhance the clarity of vowel sounds. 
C)  show less pitch variability. 
D)  use exaggerated facial expressions.

Question 6

The average 5-year-old child is _____ the average college student at the basic grammatical structure of his or her native language.

Accepted Answer

A)  much less competent than 
B)  slightly less competent than 
C)  as competent as 
D)  more competent than 
A)  much less competent than 
B)  slightly less competent than 
C)  as competent as 
D)  more competent than

Question 7

David is drawing a picture of a house. Which skill is NOT necessary for him to have in order to draw a house?

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to symbolize 
B)  planning 
C)  spatial coordination 
D)  gross motor skills 
A)  the ability to symbolize 
B)  planning 
C)  spatial coordination 
D)  gross motor skills

Question 8

Define and provide two examples of (a) overextension and (b) overregularization. For each type of error, describe what a child's errors of this type tell us about her language development.

Accepted Answer

(a) Overextension is using a word in a b

Question 9

The distinctive mode of speech used when speaking to infants and toddlers is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  infant-directed speech. 
B)  prosody. 
C)  pragmatics. 
D)  syntax. 
A)  infant-directed speech. 
B)  prosody. 
C)  pragmatics. 
D)  syntax.

Question 10

Which statement is evidence of general learning mechanisms that underlie all learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Distributional learning helps infants track sequences of human actions. 
B)  First words are similar across cultures. 
C)  Children with no exposure to language have been observed to develop their own language. 
D)  Identical twins develop their own language to communicate with each other. 
A)  Distributional learning helps infants track sequences of human actions. 
B)  First words are similar across cultures. 
C)  Children with no exposure to language have been observed to develop their own language. 
D)  Identical twins develop their own language to communicate with each other.

Question 11

Can nonhuman primates learn language? Provide a brief description of research conducted in this area and what the general results have been. Discuss three differences between human and nonhuman communicators.

Accepted Answer

No animals other than humans naturally d

Question 12

In regard to their ability to learn language, nonhuman primates

Accepted Answer

A)  have essentially no ability to learn how to use words to communicate. 
B)  can learn vocabulary and symbol combinations, but the communicative system they can acquire is not generally considered to be a language. 
C)  naturally use language to communicate with other members of their species, although their languages are not as complex as human languages. 
D)  do not have the vocal apparatus for producing speech, but when they are taught a sign language, they are able to learn a complex language. 
A)  have essentially no ability to learn how to use words to communicate. 
B)  can learn vocabulary and symbol combinations, but the communicative system they can acquire is not generally considered to be a language. 
C)  naturally use language to communicate with other members of their species, although their languages are not as complex as human languages. 
D)  do not have the vocal apparatus for producing speech, but when they are taught a sign language, they are able to learn a complex language.

Question 13

Baby Josie has just begun babbling. Describe the different characteristics of babbling that she is demonstrating.

Accepted Answer

Babbling, which begins between 6 and 10

Question 14

Imagine that a young child is presented with a novel word, "teddy," when her uncle says, "What a sweet teddy." In front of the child are two objects, a teddy bear-"bear" is a word the child already knows-and a can opener, an object the child has never seen before. The child makes the assumption that the novel word refers to the can opener through an expectation referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  the mutual exclusivity assumption. 
B)  fast mapping. 
C)  the whole-object assumption. 
D)  cross-situational word learning. 
A)  the mutual exclusivity assumption. 
B)  fast mapping. 
C)  the whole-object assumption. 
D)  cross-situational word learning.

Question 15

When preschool children were shown a picture of a catlike animal and an experimenter either simply labeled the animal "dog" (group A) or said, "You're not going to believe this, but this is actually a dog" (group B), how likely were the children to extend the word to other catlike stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both groups of children readily extended the word. 
B)  Both groups of children were similarly reluctant to extend the word. 
C)  Group A was more reluctant than was group B to extend the word. 
D)  Group B was more reluctant than was group A to extend the word. 
A)  Both groups of children readily extended the word. 
B)  Both groups of children were similarly reluctant to extend the word. 
C)  Group A was more reluctant than was group B to extend the word. 
D)  Group B was more reluctant than was group A to extend the word.

Question 16

Infants generally begin to associate words with their referents

Accepted Answer

A)  at 3 months of age. 
B)  at 12 months of age. 
C)  well before they can produce any words. 
D)  with explicit instruction by their caregivers. 
A)  at 3 months of age. 
B)  at 12 months of age. 
C)  well before they can produce any words. 
D)  with explicit instruction by their caregivers.

Question 17

When caregivers follow the baby's lead, looking at and commenting on whatever the infant is looking at, _____ has occurred.

Accepted Answer

A)  judgement 
B)  orientation 
C)  joint attention 
D)  prosody 
A)  judgement 
B)  orientation 
C)  joint attention 
D)  prosody

Question 18

In the English language, syntactic development involves learning the difference between

Accepted Answer

A)  "tree" and "grass." 
B)  "tree" and "trees." 
C)  "The tree is growing in the grass" and "The grass is growing in the tree." 
D)  "The bees are in the tree" and "The bees are in the grass." 
A)  "tree" and "grass." 
B)  "tree" and "trees." 
C)  "The tree is growing in the grass" and "The grass is growing in the tree." 
D)  "The bees are in the tree" and "The bees are in the grass."

Question 19

Of these phrases, which is LEAST likely to be spoken by a child in the telegraphic speech phase?

Accepted Answer

A)  "more cup" 
B)  "a dog" 
C)  "up me" 
D)  "baby sleep" 
A)  "more cup" 
B)  "a dog" 
C)  "up me" 
D)  "baby sleep"

Question 20

The number of words children know is NOT related to

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of words that they hear. 
B)  their caregivers' vocabularies. 
C)  their socioeconomic status. 
D)  their genetic predisposition to acquire language. 
A)  the number of words that they hear. 
B)  their caregivers' vocabularies. 
C)  their socioeconomic status. 
D)  their genetic predisposition to acquire language.

Infants' sensitivity to the distributional properties of the speech they hear helps them

Which phrase is an example of overregularization?

The length of time between when air passes through the lips and when the vocal cords start vibrating is referred to as

Samantha is experiencing a "vocabulary spurt." How old is she likely to be?

Kayla is talking to her infant daughter. Based on what you know about IDS, you can expect Kayla to do all of these EXCEPT

The average 5-year-old child is _____ the average college student at the basic grammatical structure of his or her native language.

David is drawing a picture of a house. Which skill is NOT necessary for him to have in order to draw a house?

Define and provide two examples of (a) overextension and (b) overregularization. For each type of error, describe what a child's errors of this type tell us about her language development.

The distinctive mode of speech used when speaking to infants and toddlers is referred to as

Which statement is evidence of general learning mechanisms that underlie all learning?

Can nonhuman primates learn language? Provide a brief description of research conducted in this area and what the general results have been. Discuss three differences between human and nonhuman communicators.

In regard to their ability to learn language, nonhuman primates

Baby Josie has just begun babbling. Describe the different characteristics of babbling that she is demonstrating.

When preschool children were shown a picture of a catlike animal and an experimenter either simply labeled the animal "dog" (group A) or said, "You're not going to believe this, but this is actually a dog" (group B), how likely were the children to extend the word to other catlike stimuli?

Infants generally begin to associate words with their referents

When caregivers follow the baby's lead, looking at and commenting on whatever the infant is looking at, _____ has occurred.

In the English language, syntactic development involves learning the difference between

Of these phrases, which is LEAST likely to be spoken by a child in the telegraphic speech phase?

The number of words children know is NOT related to

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 6: Development of Language and Symbol Use

Infants' sensitivity to the distributional properties of the speech they hear helps them

Which phrase is an example of overregularization?

The length of time between when air passes through the lips and when the vocal cords start vibrating is referred to as

Samantha is experiencing a "vocabulary spurt." How old is she likely to be?

Kayla is talking to her infant daughter. Based on what you know about IDS, you can expect Kayla to do all of these EXCEPT

The average 5-year-old child is _____ the average college student at the basic grammatical structure of his or her native language.

David is drawing a picture of a house. Which skill is NOT necessary for him to have in order to draw a house?

Define and provide two examples of (a) overextension and (b) overregularization. For each type of error, describe what a child's errors of this type tell us about her language development.

The distinctive mode of speech used when speaking to infants and toddlers is referred to as

Which statement is evidence of general learning mechanisms that underlie all learning?

Can nonhuman primates learn language? Provide a brief description of research conducted in this area and what the general results have been. Discuss three differences between human and nonhuman communicators.

In regard to their ability to learn language, nonhuman primates

Baby Josie has just begun babbling. Describe the different characteristics of babbling that she is demonstrating.

When preschool children were shown a picture of a catlike animal and an experimenter either simply labeled the animal "dog" (group A) or said, "You're not going to believe this, but this is actually a dog" (group B), how likely were the children to extend the word to other catlike stimuli?

Infants generally begin to associate words with their referents

When caregivers follow the baby's lead, looking at and commenting on whatever the infant is looking at, _____ has occurred.

In the English language, syntactic development involves learning the difference between

Of these phrases, which is LEAST likely to be spoken by a child in the telegraphic speech phase?

The number of words children know is NOT related to

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters