Question 1

A longitudinal design would be MOST useful for which research question?

Accepted Answer

A)  Are older children better than younger children at playing hopscotch? 
B)  What are the similarities and differences in the TV-viewing habits of elementary school students and junior high school students? 
C)  Do children who are empathetic preschoolers become empathetic teenagers? 
D)  How do children learn to solve jigsaw puzzles? 
A)  Are older children better than younger children at playing hopscotch? 
B)  What are the similarities and differences in the TV-viewing habits of elementary school students and junior high school students? 
C)  Do children who are empathetic preschoolers become empathetic teenagers? 
D)  How do children learn to solve jigsaw puzzles?

Question 2

According to the text, which is NOT an aspect related to child development that has been influenced by Darwin's work on evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  infant attachment 
B)  gender identity 
C)  innate fear 
D)  learning 
A)  infant attachment 
B)  gender identity 
C)  innate fear 
D)  learning

Question 3

A researcher would be MOST likely to use a cross-sectional design to examine which topic?

Accepted Answer

A)  typical pattern of age-related changes in a particular skill 
B)  pattern of stability and change in individual children's development in a particular area 
C)  how change in a particular skill occurs 
D)  how individual differences remain stable over long periods of time 
A)  typical pattern of age-related changes in a particular skill 
B)  pattern of stability and change in individual children's development in a particular area 
C)  how change in a particular skill occurs 
D)  how individual differences remain stable over long periods of time

Question 4

Which basic step of the scientific method is unique to that method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Form a hypothesis. 
B)  Develop a method to test the hypothesis. 
C)  Ask a question. 
D)  Draw a conclusion. 
A)  Form a hypothesis. 
B)  Develop a method to test the hypothesis. 
C)  Ask a question. 
D)  Draw a conclusion.

Question 5

The study of stable changes in gene expression that are mediated by the environment is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  epigenetics. 
B)  evolutionary psychology. 
C)  neuroscience. 
D)  genometrics. 
A)  epigenetics. 
B)  evolutionary psychology. 
C)  neuroscience. 
D)  genometrics.

Question 6

Attributes that vary across individuals and situations are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  variables. 
B)  correlates. 
C)  causes. 
D)  coefficients. 
A)  variables. 
B)  correlates. 
C)  causes. 
D)  coefficients.

Question 7

Which group has stressed the general learning mechanisms that are thought to be possessed by infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  nativists 
B)  evolutionary psychologists 
C)  empiricists 
D)  Freudians 
A)  nativists 
B)  evolutionary psychologists 
C)  empiricists 
D)  Freudians

Question 8

Researchers interested in understanding the process of change are MOST likely to use a _____ design.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational 
B)  microgenetic 
C)  longitudinal 
D)  cross-sectional 
A)  correlational 
B)  microgenetic 
C)  longitudinal 
D)  cross-sectional

Question 9

Which statement about longitudinal design is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loss of participants can threaten external validity. 
B)  Longitudinal design is particularly useful for examining age-related changes in typical performance. 
C)  Longitudinal design is the least time-consuming of the designs for examining development. 
D)  Research questions regarding stability or change over time are not well-suited for longitudinal design. 
A)  Loss of participants can threaten external validity. 
B)  Longitudinal design is particularly useful for examining age-related changes in typical performance. 
C)  Longitudinal design is the least time-consuming of the designs for examining development. 
D)  Research questions regarding stability or change over time are not well-suited for longitudinal design.

Question 10

Naturalistic observation would probably be the method of choice for a researcher interested in which topic?

Accepted Answer

A)  toddlers' responses to their parents' encouragement to touch a dangerous object 
B)  frequency of bullying behavior among schoolchildren 
C)  beliefs of children in an elementary school class about how smart their classmates are 
D)  a single child's feelings about his friendships 
A)  toddlers' responses to their parents' encouragement to touch a dangerous object 
B)  frequency of bullying behavior among schoolchildren 
C)  beliefs of children in an elementary school class about how smart their classmates are 
D)  a single child's feelings about his friendships

Question 11

Which factor is NOT considered part of the sociocultural context?

Accepted Answer

A)  neighborhood 
B)  societal values 
C)  historical era 
D)  genes 
A)  neighborhood 
B)  societal values 
C)  historical era 
D)  genes

Question 12

Stage theories regard development as

Accepted Answer

A)  active. 
B)  passive. 
C)  continuous. 
D)  discontinuous. 
A)  active. 
B)  passive. 
C)  continuous. 
D)  discontinuous.

Question 13

Which statement about naturalistic observation is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers try not to influence the behaviors of the individuals they are observing. 
B)  Researchers must ensure that the effects they observe are due to the variables they intentionally manipulated. 
C)  Obtaining sufficient interrater reliability is important. 
D)  The principal objective is to observe how people act in their usual surroundings. 
A)  Researchers try not to influence the behaviors of the individuals they are observing. 
B)  Researchers must ensure that the effects they observe are due to the variables they intentionally manipulated. 
C)  Obtaining sufficient interrater reliability is important. 
D)  The principal objective is to observe how people act in their usual surroundings.

Question 14

Dr. Stott is a researcher interested in examining the association between how humorous children are and their school achievement. Two research assistants go to children's homes and judge children as "not funny at all," "slightly funny," or "very funny." Upon comparison of the observers' judgments, it is apparent that the observers have a high level of disagreement as to children's humor level. This measure of humor level has poor

Accepted Answer

A)  test-retest reliability. 
B)  interrater reliability. 
C)  internal validity. 
D)  interrater validity. 
A)  test-retest reliability. 
B)  interrater reliability. 
C)  internal validity. 
D)  interrater validity.

Question 15

Recent research conducted by Ferguson (2015) and Furuya-Kanamori and Doi (2016) concluded what regarding the impact of playing violent video games on childhood and adolescent aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their results indicated a direct link between the two. 
B)  They found that those who play fewer violent video games demonstrated increased prosocial behaviors. 
C)  Their results were inconclusive. 
D)  They concluded that the effect of playing violent video games on childhood and adolescent aggression were minimal. 
A)  Their results indicated a direct link between the two. 
B)  They found that those who play fewer violent video games demonstrated increased prosocial behaviors. 
C)  Their results were inconclusive. 
D)  They concluded that the effect of playing violent video games on childhood and adolescent aggression were minimal.

Question 16

Stella has experienced poverty her entire life. Which is NOT an aspect related to cumulative risk that puts Stella at risk for hindered successful development?

Accepted Answer

A)  attending an inferior day-care center 
B)  increased exposure to pollution 
C)  attending an A-rated school 
D)  residing in a single-parent home 
A)  attending an inferior day-care center 
B)  increased exposure to pollution 
C)  attending an A-rated school 
D)  residing in a single-parent home

Question 17

Who bears the GREATEST responsibility for ensuring that children are unharmed when participating in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)  government 
B)  university at which the research is conducted 
C)  individual researcher 
D)  participants 
A)  government 
B)  university at which the research is conducted 
C)  individual researcher 
D)  participants

Question 18

What do developmental psychologists mean when they say that children play an active role in their own development? Provide a detailed example of this concept.

Accepted Answer

Children play an active role in their ow

Question 19

Which theorist developed one of the best known stage theories of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piaget 
B)  Scarr 
C)  Freud 
D)  Erikson 
A)  Piaget 
B)  Scarr 
C)  Freud 
D)  Erikson

Question 20

Describe the results of Werner's Kauai study in terms of how children who encountered prenatal or birth challenges fared in different environments. What are the implications of these results for the nature
nurture question?

Accepted Answer

Werner found that children who experienc

A longitudinal design would be MOST useful for which research question?

According to the text, which is NOT an aspect related to child development that has been influenced by Darwin's work on evolution?

A researcher would be MOST likely to use a cross-sectional design to examine which topic?

Which basic step of the scientific method is unique to that method?

The study of stable changes in gene expression that are mediated by the environment is referred to as

Attributes that vary across individuals and situations are termed

Which group has stressed the general learning mechanisms that are thought to be possessed by infants?

Researchers interested in understanding the process of change are MOST likely to use a _____ design.

Which statement about longitudinal design is TRUE?

Naturalistic observation would probably be the method of choice for a researcher interested in which topic?

Which factor is NOT considered part of the sociocultural context?

Stage theories regard development as

Which statement about naturalistic observation is NOT true?

Recent research conducted by Ferguson (2015) and Furuya-Kanamori and Doi (2016) concluded what regarding the impact of playing violent video games on childhood and adolescent aggression?

Stella has experienced poverty her entire life. Which is NOT an aspect related to cumulative risk that puts Stella at risk for hindered successful development?

Who bears the GREATEST responsibility for ensuring that children are unharmed when participating in psychological research?

What do developmental psychologists mean when they say that children play an active role in their own development? Provide a detailed example of this concept.

Which theorist developed one of the best known stage theories of cognitive development?

Describe the results of Werner's Kauai study in terms of how children who encountered prenatal or birth challenges fared in different environments. What are the implications of these results for the nature nurture question?

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 1: An Introduction to Child Development

A longitudinal design would be MOST useful for which research question?

According to the text, which is NOT an aspect related to child development that has been influenced by Darwin's work on evolution?

A researcher would be MOST likely to use a cross-sectional design to examine which topic?

Which basic step of the scientific method is unique to that method?

The study of stable changes in gene expression that are mediated by the environment is referred to as

Attributes that vary across individuals and situations are termed

Which group has stressed the general learning mechanisms that are thought to be possessed by infants?

Researchers interested in understanding the process of change are MOST likely to use a _____ design.

Which statement about longitudinal design is TRUE?

Naturalistic observation would probably be the method of choice for a researcher interested in which topic?

Which factor is NOT considered part of the sociocultural context?

Stage theories regard development as

Which statement about naturalistic observation is NOT true?

Recent research conducted by Ferguson (2015) and Furuya-Kanamori and Doi (2016) concluded what regarding the impact of playing violent video games on childhood and adolescent aggression?

Stella has experienced poverty her entire life. Which is NOT an aspect related to cumulative risk that puts Stella at risk for hindered successful development?

Who bears the GREATEST responsibility for ensuring that children are unharmed when participating in psychological research?

What do developmental psychologists mean when they say that children play an active role in their own development? Provide a detailed example of this concept.

Which theorist developed one of the best known stage theories of cognitive development?

Describe the results of Werner's Kauai study in terms of how children who encountered prenatal or birth challenges fared in different environments. What are the implications of these results for the nature nurture question?

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters