Question 1

What can be done to avoid or minimize memory errors and distortions when children are witnesses?

Accepted Answer

A) Pretrial Training 
B) Neutral practice questions 
C) Eyes closing 
D) Context reinstatement 
E) All of the above 
A) Pretrial Training 
B) Neutral practice questions 
C) Eyes closing 
D) Context reinstatement 
E) All of the above E

Question 2

Ceci and Bruck (2006)suggest that younger children are more suggestible than older ones because younger children:

Accepted Answer

A) Are less likely to have language abilities to challenge suggestive influences 
B) Are more likely to yield to social pressure 
C) All of these 
D) Tend to be more socially incompetent 
E) Are less likely to have cognitive processing abilities to challenge suggestive influences 
A) Are less likely to have language abilities to challenge suggestive influences 
B) Are more likely to yield to social pressure 
C) All of these 
D) Tend to be more socially incompetent 
E) Are less likely to have cognitive processing abilities to challenge suggestive influences C

Question 3

Rovee-Collier found that the presentation of what yielded memory performance near its initial level, despite the test taking place after a two-week delay?

Accepted Answer

A) Larger mobile 
B) Different crib 
C) New experimenter 
D) Reminder 
E) Pacifier 
A) Larger mobile 
B) Different crib 
C) New experimenter 
D) Reminder 
E) Pacifier D

Question 4

Bathelt, Gathercole, Johnson, and Astle (2017)suggested an important role for development of which part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A) The amygdala 
B) The corpus callosum 
C) The hippocampus 
D) The cerebellum 
E) The right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 
A) The amygdala 
B) The corpus callosum 
C) The hippocampus 
D) The cerebellum 
E) The right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Question 5

Schaal, Marlier, and Soussignan (2000)showed that:

Accepted Answer

A) Adaptation to novel tastes and smells can occur during gestation 
B) Adaptation to novel sounds can occur during gestation 
C) Adaptation to novel languages can occur during gestation 
D) Adaptation to novel sleep patterns can occur during gestation 
E) Adaptation to novel visual stimuli can occur during gestation 
A) Adaptation to novel tastes and smells can occur during gestation 
B) Adaptation to novel sounds can occur during gestation 
C) Adaptation to novel languages can occur during gestation 
D) Adaptation to novel sleep patterns can occur during gestation 
E) Adaptation to novel visual stimuli can occur during gestation

Question 6

Howe and Courage (1997)argued that infants could only form autobiographical memories after they had developed a:

Accepted Answer

A) Sufficient mental lexicon 
B) Working memory 
C) Comprehension of language 
D) Self-schema 
E) Sense of self 
A) Sufficient mental lexicon 
B) Working memory 
C) Comprehension of language 
D) Self-schema 
E) Sense of self

Question 7

Gathercole, Pickering, Ambridge, and Wearing (2004)used which framework to study boys and girls between the ages of four and fifteen:

Accepted Answer

A) The suppression induced forgetting framework 
B) The retrieval induced forgetting framework 
C) The children as witnesses framework 
D) The multicomponent working memory framework 
E) The creativity in development framework 
A) The suppression induced forgetting framework 
B) The retrieval induced forgetting framework 
C) The children as witnesses framework 
D) The multicomponent working memory framework 
E) The creativity in development framework

Question 8

'Pruning' refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) The gradual learning of walking 
B) The gradual learning of reading 
C) The working memory span in children 
D) The gradual elimination of unused neurons that extends up to adolescence 
E) The gradual maturation of the prefrontal cortex 
A) The gradual learning of walking 
B) The gradual learning of reading 
C) The working memory span in children 
D) The gradual elimination of unused neurons that extends up to adolescence 
E) The gradual maturation of the prefrontal cortex

Question 9

The importance of background knowledge was studied by O'Reilly, Wang, and Sabatini (2019), who found:

Accepted Answer

A) An overall correlation between age and forgetting rate for complex concepts 
B) An overall correlation between knowledge and forgetting rate for simple concepts 
C) An overall correlation between knowledge and forgetting rate for complex concepts 
D) An overall correlation between knowledge and performance for easy concepts 
E) An overall correlation between knowledge and performance for complex concepts 
A) An overall correlation between age and forgetting rate for complex concepts 
B) An overall correlation between knowledge and forgetting rate for simple concepts 
C) An overall correlation between knowledge and forgetting rate for complex concepts 
D) An overall correlation between knowledge and performance for easy concepts 
E) An overall correlation between knowledge and performance for complex concepts

Question 10

Howe, Courage, and Edison (2003), working with infants aged between 15 and 23 months, found that:

Accepted Answer

A) Self-recognizers have worse semantic memory 
B) Self- recognizers have better semantic memory 
C) Self-recognizers have better working memory span 
D) Self-recognizers have worse memory for personal events 
E) Self-recognizers have better memory for personal events 
A) Self-recognizers have worse semantic memory 
B) Self- recognizers have better semantic memory 
C) Self-recognizers have better working memory span 
D) Self-recognizers have worse memory for personal events 
E) Self-recognizers have better memory for personal events

Question 11

According to research by Barr, Rovee-Collier, and Campanella (2005), six-month-olds evidenced deferred imitation over a 10-week period after they:

Accepted Answer

A) Were offered a reward for correct responses 
B) Had seen the target actions modeled not once, but twice 
C) Had been given the opportunity to engage in repeated retrieval of the action 
D) Saw a peer act out the behaviour 
E) Witnessed two adults modeling the behavior 
A) Were offered a reward for correct responses 
B) Had seen the target actions modeled not once, but twice 
C) Had been given the opportunity to engage in repeated retrieval of the action 
D) Saw a peer act out the behaviour 
E) Witnessed two adults modeling the behavior

Question 12

In the mobile conjugate reinforcement task, the reinforcement is the:

Accepted Answer

A) Baseline phase 
B) Mobile moving 
C) Crib 
D) Ribbon 
E) Kicking response 
A) Baseline phase 
B) Mobile moving 
C) Crib 
D) Ribbon 
E) Kicking response

Question 13

Nelson (1989)found that the mother-child interaction style categorized under which name led them to answer the most questions accurately about their museum visit after a week's delay?

Accepted Answer

A) Freely-interacting 
B) Practical 
C) Focused 
D) Uniformly engaged 
E) Authoritative 
A) Freely-interacting 
B) Practical 
C) Focused 
D) Uniformly engaged 
E) Authoritative

Question 14

Nelson (1989)presented the case of _____ whose night-time monologues appeared to aid the formation of memories?

Accepted Answer

A) HM 
B) Sally-Anne 
C) Identical twins 
D) Emily 
E) Clive 
A) HM 
B) Sally-Anne 
C) Identical twins 
D) Emily 
E) Clive

Question 15

Memory for chess positions is primarily determined by which factor?

Accepted Answer

A) Working memory capacity 
B) Intelligence 
C) Expertise 
D) Age 
E) Digit span capacity 
A) Working memory capacity 
B) Intelligence 
C) Expertise 
D) Age 
E) Digit span capacity

Question 16

Gathercole, Lamont, and Alloway (2006)suggested that:

Accepted Answer

A) ADHD is a unitary syndrome 
B) The possibility that ADHD rather than reflecting a unitary syndrome, it may reflect the combination of two separable problems 
C) ADHD correlates with SIF 
D) ADHD correlated with RIF 
E) ADHD correlates with rumination 
A) ADHD is a unitary syndrome 
B) The possibility that ADHD rather than reflecting a unitary syndrome, it may reflect the combination of two separable problems 
C) ADHD correlates with SIF 
D) ADHD correlated with RIF 
E) ADHD correlates with rumination

Question 17

Wang (2001, 2006)reports a clear difference in style of mother-child interaction. The study was comparing:

Accepted Answer

A) Chinese and British mothers 
B) American and Italian mothers 
C) Chinese and American mothers 
D) German and Chinese mothers 
E) German and French mothers 
A) Chinese and British mothers 
B) American and Italian mothers 
C) Chinese and American mothers 
D) German and Chinese mothers 
E) German and French mothers

Question 18

Bathelt, Gathercole, Johnson, and Astle (2017)were interested in measuring:

Accepted Answer

A) Cortical thickness 
B) Suppression-induced forgetting 
C) Retrieval-induced forgetting 
D) Neuroticism 
E) Worry 
A) Cortical thickness 
B) Suppression-induced forgetting 
C) Retrieval-induced forgetting 
D) Neuroticism 
E) Worry

Question 19

A major influence on developmental psychology during the middle years of the last century was:

Accepted Answer

A) Alfred Adler 
B) Jean Piaget 
C) Jacques Lacan 
D) Jacques Derrida 
E) Carl Gustav Jung 
A) Alfred Adler 
B) Jean Piaget 
C) Jacques Lacan 
D) Jacques Derrida 
E) Carl Gustav Jung

Question 20

The grey matter comprises:

Accepted Answer

A) The innermost layer of the brain 
B) The outermost layer of the brain 
C) A mix of the two 
D) The hippocampal formation 
E) The amygdala 
A) The innermost layer of the brain 
B) The outermost layer of the brain 
C) A mix of the two 
D) The hippocampal formation 
E) The amygdala

What can be done to avoid or minimize memory errors and distortions when children are witnesses?

Ceci and Bruck (2006)suggest that younger children are more suggestible than older ones because younger children:

Rovee-Collier found that the presentation of what yielded memory performance near its initial level, despite the test taking place after a two-week delay?

Bathelt, Gathercole, Johnson, and Astle (2017)suggested an important role for development of which part of the brain?

Schaal, Marlier, and Soussignan (2000)showed that:

Howe and Courage (1997)argued that infants could only form autobiographical memories after they had developed a:

Gathercole, Pickering, Ambridge, and Wearing (2004)used which framework to study boys and girls between the ages of four and fifteen:

'Pruning' refers to:

The importance of background knowledge was studied by O'Reilly, Wang, and Sabatini (2019), who found:

Howe, Courage, and Edison (2003), working with infants aged between 15 and 23 months, found that:

According to research by Barr, Rovee-Collier, and Campanella (2005), six-month-olds evidenced deferred imitation over a 10-week period after they:

In the mobile conjugate reinforcement task, the reinforcement is the:

Nelson (1989)found that the mother-child interaction style categorized under which name led them to answer the most questions accurately about their museum visit after a week's delay?

Nelson (1989)presented the case of _____ whose night-time monologues appeared to aid the formation of memories?

Memory for chess positions is primarily determined by which factor?

Gathercole, Lamont, and Alloway (2006)suggested that:

Wang (2001, 2006)reports a clear difference in style of mother-child interaction. The study was comparing:

Bathelt, Gathercole, Johnson, and Astle (2017)were interested in measuring:

A major influence on developmental psychology during the middle years of the last century was:

The grey matter comprises:

What Is Memory

Memory and the Brain

Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Learning

Episodic Memory: Organizing and Remembering

Semantic Memory and Stored Knowledge

Retrieval

Incidental Forgetting

Motivated Forgetting

Autobiographical Memory

Eyewitness Testimony

Prospective Memory

Memory and Aging

When Memory Systems Fail

Improving Your Memory

Filters

Exam 14: Memory Across the Lifespan: Growing up

What can be done to avoid or minimize memory errors and distortions when children are witnesses?

Ceci and Bruck (2006)suggest that younger children are more suggestible than older ones because younger children:

Rovee-Collier found that the presentation of what yielded memory performance near its initial level, despite the test taking place after a two-week delay?

Bathelt, Gathercole, Johnson, and Astle (2017)suggested an important role for development of which part of the brain?

Schaal, Marlier, and Soussignan (2000)showed that:

Howe and Courage (1997)argued that infants could only form autobiographical memories after they had developed a:

Gathercole, Pickering, Ambridge, and Wearing (2004)used which framework to study boys and girls between the ages of four and fifteen:

'Pruning' refers to:

The importance of background knowledge was studied by O'Reilly, Wang, and Sabatini (2019), who found:

Howe, Courage, and Edison (2003), working with infants aged between 15 and 23 months, found that:

According to research by Barr, Rovee-Collier, and Campanella (2005), six-month-olds evidenced deferred imitation over a 10-week period after they:

In the mobile conjugate reinforcement task, the reinforcement is the:

Nelson (1989)found that the mother-child interaction style categorized under which name led them to answer the most questions accurately about their museum visit after a week's delay?

Nelson (1989)presented the case of _____ whose night-time monologues appeared to aid the formation of memories?

Memory for chess positions is primarily determined by which factor?

Gathercole, Lamont, and Alloway (2006)suggested that:

Wang (2001, 2006)reports a clear difference in style of mother-child interaction. The study was comparing:

Bathelt, Gathercole, Johnson, and Astle (2017)were interested in measuring:

A major influence on developmental psychology during the middle years of the last century was:

The grey matter comprises:

What Is Memory

Memory and the Brain

Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Learning

Episodic Memory: Organizing and Remembering

Semantic Memory and Stored Knowledge

Retrieval

Incidental Forgetting

Motivated Forgetting

Autobiographical Memory

Eyewitness Testimony

Prospective Memory

Memory and Aging

When Memory Systems Fail

Improving Your Memory

Filters