Question 1

Which two researchers are credited with discovering the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Baddeley and Hitch 
B) Watson and Crick 
C) Eric Kandel and Donald Hebb 
D) Rescorla and Wagner 
E) Darwin and Sir Francis Galton 
A) Baddeley and Hitch 
B) Watson and Crick 
C) Eric Kandel and Donald Hebb 
D) Rescorla and Wagner 
E) Darwin and Sir Francis Galton B

Question 2

Currently, the best temporal resolution of ERP and MEG is on the order of:

Accepted Answer

A) Milliseconds 
B) Seconds 
C) Minutes 
D) Picoseconds 
E) Hours 
A) Milliseconds 
B) Seconds 
C) Minutes 
D) Picoseconds 
E) Hours A

Question 3

Which approach is particularly well suited to providing a clinical overview of a condition, but may yield ambiguous answers to theoretical questions about particular processes if the condition is relatively nonspecific?

Accepted Answer

A) Randomized clinical trial 
B) Computer modeling 
C) Selective lesioning 
D) Group study 
E) Transcranial-magnetic stimulation 
A) Randomized clinical trial 
B) Computer modeling 
C) Selective lesioning 
D) Group study 
E) Transcranial-magnetic stimulation D

Question 4

Event-related potentials typically can be extracted by doing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Taking a blood sample 
B) Looking at the power of different frequency bands during a task 
C) Averaging over many repetitions of the same cognitive activity 
D) Brain surgery to remove the ERPs 
E) Injecting a tracer 
A) Taking a blood sample 
B) Looking at the power of different frequency bands during a task 
C) Averaging over many repetitions of the same cognitive activity 
D) Brain surgery to remove the ERPs 
E) Injecting a tracer

Question 5

The first functional neuroimaging method developed that relies on the assumption that brain activity can be measured indirectly through its metabolism is:

Accepted Answer

A) fMRI 
B) PET 
C) MEG 
D) CT 
E) EEG 
A) fMRI 
B) PET 
C) MEG 
D) CT 
E) EEG

Question 6

Epigenetics refers most accurately to:

Accepted Answer

A) The study of gene-environment interaction 
B) The development of genetic hybrid animal models 
C) The historical analysis of the eugenics movement 
D) The development of artificial intelligence 
E) Simple Mendelian inheritance 
A) The study of gene-environment interaction 
B) The development of genetic hybrid animal models 
C) The historical analysis of the eugenics movement 
D) The development of artificial intelligence 
E) Simple Mendelian inheritance

Question 7

An attempt to use fMRI as a lie detector in an actual court case resulted in the following conclusion:

Accepted Answer

A) It should not be accepted as evidence in court pending further study 
B) The method had not gained widespread acceptance among scientists 
C) The method's real-world accuracy had yet to be assessed 
D) The method's real-world validity had yet to be assessed 
E) All of these 
A) It should not be accepted as evidence in court pending further study 
B) The method had not gained widespread acceptance among scientists 
C) The method's real-world accuracy had yet to be assessed 
D) The method's real-world validity had yet to be assessed 
E) All of these

Question 8

MVPA stands for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Multi-view photon array 
B) Multi-voxel pattern analysis 
C) Myelin vector product arrangement 
D) Minute vacillation prototype analysis 
E) Measured vasopressin accumulation 
A) Multi-view photon array 
B) Multi-voxel pattern analysis 
C) Myelin vector product arrangement 
D) Minute vacillation prototype analysis 
E) Measured vasopressin accumulation

Question 9

The process of carrying out a large set of experiments focused on addressing the same theoretical question, but using different methods and participant groups is called:

Accepted Answer

A) Exact replication 
B) Divergence 
C) Converging operations 
D) Bootstrapping 
E) Default mode 
A) Exact replication 
B) Divergence 
C) Converging operations 
D) Bootstrapping 
E) Default mode

Question 10

MRI can distinguish various structures in the brain (e.g. white matter from gray matter)by doing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Staining the cells differently 
B) Implanting electrodes at different depths 
C) Directing ionizing radiation at the brain from different angles 
D) Varying the frequency of the radio pulse 
E) Observing infrared reflectance 
A) Staining the cells differently 
B) Implanting electrodes at different depths 
C) Directing ionizing radiation at the brain from different angles 
D) Varying the frequency of the radio pulse 
E) Observing infrared reflectance

Question 11

Down syndrome can be described as sporadic in that:

Accepted Answer

A) There's no evidence it runs in families 
B) It reflects chromosomal abnormalities 
C) It typically resolves by the seventh year of age 
D) It tends to arise every other generation in families 
E) It is wholly independent of genetic factors 
A) There's no evidence it runs in families 
B) It reflects chromosomal abnormalities 
C) It typically resolves by the seventh year of age 
D) It tends to arise every other generation in families 
E) It is wholly independent of genetic factors

Question 12

EEG involves recording which of the following across the scalp?

Accepted Answer

A) Neurotransmitter release 
B) Fluctuating voltages 
C) Changes in the oxygenation of blood 
D) Structural bone density 
E) Tiny magnetic fields generated by groups of neurons and picked up by SQUIDs 
A) Neurotransmitter release 
B) Fluctuating voltages 
C) Changes in the oxygenation of blood 
D) Structural bone density 
E) Tiny magnetic fields generated by groups of neurons and picked up by SQUIDs

Question 13

The oxygen in the blood is most precisely carried by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Neurotransmitters 
B) Monocytes 
C) Radioactive reagents 
D) Electrical impulses 
E) Hemoglobin 
A) Neurotransmitters 
B) Monocytes 
C) Radioactive reagents 
D) Electrical impulses 
E) Hemoglobin

Question 14

Finding an appropriate cognitive baseline condition is particularly crucial in which of the following basic fMRI procedure?

Accepted Answer

A) Inception 
B) Tractography 
C) Granger causality 
D) Effective connectivity 
E) Subtraction method 
A) Inception 
B) Tractography 
C) Granger causality 
D) Effective connectivity 
E) Subtraction method

Question 15

The systematic decrease in a learned response after repeated presentations of a stimulus is most accurately termed:

Accepted Answer

A) Reward 
B) Sensitization 
C) Extinction 
D) Habituation 
E) Punishment 
A) Reward 
B) Sensitization 
C) Extinction 
D) Habituation 
E) Punishment

Question 16

Rotating an X-ray detector around a person's head to form a three-dimensional representation of their brain is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) Intracranial cellular recording 
B) Magnetic resonance imaging 
C) Electrocardiography 
D) Electroencephalography 
E) Computerized tomography 
A) Intracranial cellular recording 
B) Magnetic resonance imaging 
C) Electrocardiography 
D) Electroencephalography 
E) Computerized tomography

Question 17

LTP and LTD are two potential mechanisms of:

Accepted Answer

A) Neuroimaging 
B) Learning 
C) Genotyping 
D) Binocular rivalry 
E) Standardized testing of intelligence 
A) Neuroimaging 
B) Learning 
C) Genotyping 
D) Binocular rivalry 
E) Standardized testing of intelligence

Question 18

Relative to ERP, MEG is:

Accepted Answer

A) More expensive 
B) Less subject to distortion from the skull 
C) Able to potentially offer better spatial localization 
D) More sensitive to activity in the sulci 
E) All of these 
A) More expensive 
B) Less subject to distortion from the skull 
C) Able to potentially offer better spatial localization 
D) More sensitive to activity in the sulci 
E) All of these

Question 19

An especially powerful way of ruling out the possibility that a deficit in one task represents a simple disparity in difficulty with another task, for which performance is preserved, is the:

Accepted Answer

A) Occam's razor 
B) Case study 
C) Single dissociation 
D) Double dissociation 
E) Counterfactual 
A) Occam's razor 
B) Case study 
C) Single dissociation 
D) Double dissociation 
E) Counterfactual

Question 20

Delivering TMS via which procedure has been known to lead to a temporary "lesion" lasting many minutes?

Accepted Answer

A) Repetitive 
B) Single pulse 
C) Radioactive tracing 
D) Deep-brain stimulation 
E) Intravenous drugs 
A) Repetitive 
B) Single pulse 
C) Radioactive tracing 
D) Deep-brain stimulation 
E) Intravenous drugs

Which two researchers are credited with discovering the structure of DNA?

Currently, the best temporal resolution of ERP and MEG is on the order of:

Which approach is particularly well suited to providing a clinical overview of a condition, but may yield ambiguous answers to theoretical questions about particular processes if the condition is relatively nonspecific?

Event-related potentials typically can be extracted by doing which of the following?

The first functional neuroimaging method developed that relies on the assumption that brain activity can be measured indirectly through its metabolism is:

Epigenetics refers most accurately to:

An attempt to use fMRI as a lie detector in an actual court case resulted in the following conclusion:

MVPA stands for which of the following?

The process of carrying out a large set of experiments focused on addressing the same theoretical question, but using different methods and participant groups is called:

MRI can distinguish various structures in the brain (e.g. white matter from gray matter)by doing which of the following?

Down syndrome can be described as sporadic in that:

EEG involves recording which of the following across the scalp?

The oxygen in the blood is most precisely carried by which of the following?

Finding an appropriate cognitive baseline condition is particularly crucial in which of the following basic fMRI procedure?

The systematic decrease in a learned response after repeated presentations of a stimulus is most accurately termed:

Rotating an X-ray detector around a person's head to form a three-dimensional representation of their brain is an example of:

LTP and LTD are two potential mechanisms of:

Relative to ERP, MEG is:

An especially powerful way of ruling out the possibility that a deficit in one task represents a simple disparity in difficulty with another task, for which performance is preserved, is the:

Delivering TMS via which procedure has been known to lead to a temporary "lesion" lasting many minutes?

What Is Memory

Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Learning

Episodic Memory: Organizing and Remembering

Semantic Memory and Stored Knowledge

Retrieval

Incidental Forgetting

Motivated Forgetting

Autobiographical Memory

Eyewitness Testimony

Prospective Memory

Memory Across the Lifespan: Growing up

Memory and Aging

When Memory Systems Fail

Improving Your Memory

Filters

Exam 2: Memory and the Brain

Which two researchers are credited with discovering the structure of DNA?

Currently, the best temporal resolution of ERP and MEG is on the order of:

Which approach is particularly well suited to providing a clinical overview of a condition, but may yield ambiguous answers to theoretical questions about particular processes if the condition is relatively nonspecific?

Event-related potentials typically can be extracted by doing which of the following?

The first functional neuroimaging method developed that relies on the assumption that brain activity can be measured indirectly through its metabolism is:

Epigenetics refers most accurately to:

An attempt to use fMRI as a lie detector in an actual court case resulted in the following conclusion:

MVPA stands for which of the following?

The process of carrying out a large set of experiments focused on addressing the same theoretical question, but using different methods and participant groups is called:

MRI can distinguish various structures in the brain (e.g. white matter from gray matter)by doing which of the following?

Down syndrome can be described as sporadic in that:

EEG involves recording which of the following across the scalp?

The oxygen in the blood is most precisely carried by which of the following?

Finding an appropriate cognitive baseline condition is particularly crucial in which of the following basic fMRI procedure?

The systematic decrease in a learned response after repeated presentations of a stimulus is most accurately termed:

Rotating an X-ray detector around a person's head to form a three-dimensional representation of their brain is an example of:

LTP and LTD are two potential mechanisms of:

Relative to ERP, MEG is:

An especially powerful way of ruling out the possibility that a deficit in one task represents a simple disparity in difficulty with another task, for which performance is preserved, is the:

Delivering TMS via which procedure has been known to lead to a temporary "lesion" lasting many minutes?

What Is Memory

Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Learning

Episodic Memory: Organizing and Remembering

Semantic Memory and Stored Knowledge

Retrieval

Incidental Forgetting

Motivated Forgetting

Autobiographical Memory

Eyewitness Testimony

Prospective Memory

Memory Across the Lifespan: Growing up

Memory and Aging

When Memory Systems Fail

Improving Your Memory

Filters