Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a criterion specified by multi-process theory that is thought to increase the likelihood that the detection of cues would be automatic?

Accepted Answer

A) The cue and the to-be-performed action are highly associated 
B) The ongoing task stimulates processing of the target event on the prospective task 
C) The cue is irrelevant 
D) The cue is conspicuous 
E) The intended action is simple 
A) The cue and the to-be-performed action are highly associated 
B) The ongoing task stimulates processing of the target event on the prospective task 
C) The cue is irrelevant 
D) The cue is conspicuous 
E) The intended action is simple C

Question 2

Dismukes (2012)recommended doing which of the following to enhance prospective memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Create distinctive reminder cues 
B) Create salient reminder cues 
C) All of these 
D) Place reminders in prominent and conveniently located positions 
E) Avoid performing simultaneous tasks 
A) Create distinctive reminder cues 
B) Create salient reminder cues 
C) All of these 
D) Place reminders in prominent and conveniently located positions 
E) Avoid performing simultaneous tasks C

Question 3

Linkovski et al. (2013)found that repeated checking behavior reduced memory vividness and lowered participants' confidence in memory, principally for participants with:

Accepted Answer

A) Enlarged hippocampi 
B) Poor inhibitory control 
C) Low conscientiousness 
D) High extroversion 
E) Average working memory spans 
A) Enlarged hippocampi 
B) Poor inhibitory control 
C) Low conscientiousness 
D) High extroversion 
E) Average working memory spans B

Question 4

According to the dynamic multi-process framework, the use of monitoring depends on:

Accepted Answer

A) Working memory span 
B) Metamemory 
C) Inhibitory control 
D) Digit span 
E) Spontaneous retrieval 
A) Working memory span 
B) Metamemory 
C) Inhibitory control 
D) Digit span 
E) Spontaneous retrieval

Question 5

A focal task is:

Accepted Answer

A) An ingoing task that focuses on inhibition 
B) An ongoing task that captures all your attentional resources 
C) An ongoing task that involves dissimilar processing to that involved in encoding the target on a prospective-memory task performed at the same time. 
D) An ongoing task that involves similar processing to that involved in encoding the target on a prospective-memory task performed at the same time. 
E) An ongoing task that involves similar and dissimilar processing to that involved in encoding the target on a prospective-memory task performed at the same time. 
A) An ingoing task that focuses on inhibition 
B) An ongoing task that captures all your attentional resources 
C) An ongoing task that involves dissimilar processing to that involved in encoding the target on a prospective-memory task performed at the same time. 
D) An ongoing task that involves similar processing to that involved in encoding the target on a prospective-memory task performed at the same time. 
E) An ongoing task that involves similar and dissimilar processing to that involved in encoding the target on a prospective-memory task performed at the same time.

Question 6

Strategic monitoring involves:

Accepted Answer

A) Bottom-up attentional control processes to maintain the prospective-memory intention 
B) Top-down and bottom-up attentional control processes to maintain the prospective-memory intention 
C) Inhibitory control processes to maintain attentional control processes to maintain the prospective-memory intention 
D) Top-down attentional control processes to maintain the prospective-memory intention 
E) None of the above 
A) Bottom-up attentional control processes to maintain the prospective-memory intention 
B) Top-down and bottom-up attentional control processes to maintain the prospective-memory intention 
C) Inhibitory control processes to maintain attentional control processes to maintain the prospective-memory intention 
D) Top-down attentional control processes to maintain the prospective-memory intention 
E) None of the above

Question 7

Crawford et al. (2003)developed which measure of memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Retrospective recall test 
B) Flash cards 
C) Prospective reasoning questionnaire 
D) Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire 
E) Naturalistic observation techniques 
A) Retrospective recall test 
B) Flash cards 
C) Prospective reasoning questionnaire 
D) Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire 
E) Naturalistic observation techniques

Question 8

In a lexical decision task:

Accepted Answer

A) Participants presented with a string of letters must decide rapidly whether the string forms a word 
B) Participants presented with a string of letters must read the word aloud as fast as they can 
C) Participants presented with a word must decide rapidly whether they have encountered the word before 
D) Participants presented with a word must say the number of syllables 
E) Participants presented with a series of sounds must repeat the sounds as accurately as they can 
A) Participants presented with a string of letters must decide rapidly whether the string forms a word 
B) Participants presented with a string of letters must read the word aloud as fast as they can 
C) Participants presented with a word must decide rapidly whether they have encountered the word before 
D) Participants presented with a word must say the number of syllables 
E) Participants presented with a series of sounds must repeat the sounds as accurately as they can

Question 9

The greater ERP amplitude observed by Cona et al. (2012)in their event-based condition was thought to reflect:

Accepted Answer

A) Impaired source monitoring 
B) Reduced attentional resources 
C) More distributed focus of attention 
D) Sleep spindles 
E) Greater frequency of target checking 
A) Impaired source monitoring 
B) Reduced attentional resources 
C) More distributed focus of attention 
D) Sleep spindles 
E) Greater frequency of target checking

Question 10

According to the PlaneCrashInfo.com.accident database, 58% of the fatal accidents were due at least in part to:

Accepted Answer

A) Mechanical failure 
B) Adverse weather 
C) Human error 
D) Sabotage 
E) Terrorist attacks 
A) Mechanical failure 
B) Adverse weather 
C) Human error 
D) Sabotage 
E) Terrorist attacks

Question 11

Performance is generally better on event-based tasks than time-based ones primarily because:

Accepted Answer

A) Time-based tasks are extremely rare in real life 
B) Event-based tasks generally require extensive self-initiated processing 
C) Environmental cues are more likely to be present on event-based tasks 
D) Event-based tasks tend to depend on the amygdala, instead of the hippocampus 
E) None of these 
A) Time-based tasks are extremely rare in real life 
B) Event-based tasks generally require extensive self-initiated processing 
C) Environmental cues are more likely to be present on event-based tasks 
D) Event-based tasks tend to depend on the amygdala, instead of the hippocampus 
E) None of these

Question 12

Nonfocal tasks involve:

Accepted Answer

A) Spontaneous retrieval 
B) Intentional retrieval 
C) Retrieval-induced forgetting 
D) Suppression-induced forgetting 
E) Proactive interference 
A) Spontaneous retrieval 
B) Intentional retrieval 
C) Retrieval-induced forgetting 
D) Suppression-induced forgetting 
E) Proactive interference

Question 13

Memory for people, words, and events encountered in the past is termed:

Accepted Answer

A) Retrosplenial memory 
B) Prospective memory 
C) Prosthetic memory 
D) Retrospective memory 
E) Semantic memory 
A) Retrosplenial memory 
B) Prospective memory 
C) Prosthetic memory 
D) Retrospective memory 
E) Semantic memory

Question 14

Cuttler and Graf (2009)reported that compulsive checkers:

Accepted Answer

A) Have impaired visual short-term memory 
B) Did not differ from controls in prospective memory 
C) Overestimate their memory abilities 
D) Did not differ from controls in retrospective memory 
E) Suffer from a deflated sense of personal responsibility 
A) Have impaired visual short-term memory 
B) Did not differ from controls in prospective memory 
C) Overestimate their memory abilities 
D) Did not differ from controls in retrospective memory 
E) Suffer from a deflated sense of personal responsibility

Question 15

Zogg et al.'s (2012)conceptual model of prospective memory included all of the following stages EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) Intention formation 
B) Cue execution 
C) Retention interval 
D) Cue detection and intention retrieval 
E) Intention recall 
A) Intention formation 
B) Cue execution 
C) Retention interval 
D) Cue detection and intention retrieval 
E) Intention recall

Question 16

Rummel et al. (2012)reported evidence suggesting that participants given implementation intentions:

Accepted Answer

A) Reduced the automaticity of intention retrieval 
B) Found it difficult to deactivate their intentions when no longer required 
C) Could not form a suitable intention 
D) Were less likely to complete the intention 
E) Suffered increased processing costs 
A) Reduced the automaticity of intention retrieval 
B) Found it difficult to deactivate their intentions when no longer required 
C) Could not form a suitable intention 
D) Were less likely to complete the intention 
E) Suffered increased processing costs

Question 17

Marsh, Hicks, and Landau (1998)found people reported an average of 15 plans for the forthcoming week of which 25% were not completed. Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Rescheduling and reprioritization 
B) Forgetting 
C) Working memory span 
D) Inhibitory control 
E) Peer pressure 
A) Rescheduling and reprioritization 
B) Forgetting 
C) Working memory span 
D) Inhibitory control 
E) Peer pressure

Question 18

Anderson and McDaniel (2019)found prospective memory occupied our thoughts approximately:

Accepted Answer

A) 50-55% of the time 
B) 75% of the time 
C) 90-92% of the time 
D) 13-15% of the time 
E) 2% of the time 
A) 50-55% of the time 
B) 75% of the time 
C) 90-92% of the time 
D) 13-15% of the time 
E) 2% of the time

Question 19

Schnitzspahn, Zeintl, Jäger, and Kliegel (2011)found that:

Accepted Answer

A) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance generally underestimated that performance. 
B) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance generally overestimated that performance. 
C) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance were generally very accurate 
D) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance correlated with their working memory span 
E) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance correlated with their SIF scores 
A) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance generally underestimated that performance. 
B) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance generally overestimated that performance. 
C) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance were generally very accurate 
D) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance correlated with their working memory span 
E) Participants' judgments of their future prospective-memory performance correlated with their SIF scores

Question 20

Remembering to purchase orange juice when you next go to the store is best conceptualized as an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) Goal-irrelevant memory 
B) Time-based prospective memory 
C) Event-based retrospective memory 
D) Time-based retrospective memory 
E) Event-based prospective memory 
A) Goal-irrelevant memory 
B) Time-based prospective memory 
C) Event-based retrospective memory 
D) Time-based retrospective memory 
E) Event-based prospective memory

Which of the following is NOT a criterion specified by multi-process theory that is thought to increase the likelihood that the detection of cues would be automatic?

Dismukes (2012)recommended doing which of the following to enhance prospective memory?

Linkovski et al. (2013)found that repeated checking behavior reduced memory vividness and lowered participants' confidence in memory, principally for participants with:

According to the dynamic multi-process framework, the use of monitoring depends on:

A focal task is:

Strategic monitoring involves:

Crawford et al. (2003)developed which measure of memory?

In a lexical decision task:

The greater ERP amplitude observed by Cona et al. (2012)in their event-based condition was thought to reflect:

According to the PlaneCrashInfo.com.accident database, 58% of the fatal accidents were due at least in part to:

Performance is generally better on event-based tasks than time-based ones primarily because:

Nonfocal tasks involve:

Memory for people, words, and events encountered in the past is termed:

Cuttler and Graf (2009)reported that compulsive checkers:

Zogg et al.'s (2012)conceptual model of prospective memory included all of the following stages EXCEPT:

Rummel et al. (2012)reported evidence suggesting that participants given implementation intentions:

Marsh, Hicks, and Landau (1998)found people reported an average of 15 plans for the forthcoming week of which 25% were not completed. Why?

Anderson and McDaniel (2019)found prospective memory occupied our thoughts approximately:

Schnitzspahn, Zeintl, Jäger, and Kliegel (2011)found that:

Remembering to purchase orange juice when you next go to the store is best conceptualized as an example of:

What Is Memory

Memory and the Brain

Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Learning

Episodic Memory: Organizing and Remembering

Semantic Memory and Stored Knowledge

Retrieval

Incidental Forgetting

Motivated Forgetting

Autobiographical Memory

Eyewitness Testimony

Memory Across the Lifespan: Growing up

Memory and Aging

When Memory Systems Fail

Improving Your Memory

Filters

Exam 13: Prospective Memory

Which of the following is NOT a criterion specified by multi-process theory that is thought to increase the likelihood that the detection of cues would be automatic?

Dismukes (2012)recommended doing which of the following to enhance prospective memory?

Linkovski et al. (2013)found that repeated checking behavior reduced memory vividness and lowered participants' confidence in memory, principally for participants with:

According to the dynamic multi-process framework, the use of monitoring depends on:

A focal task is:

Strategic monitoring involves:

Crawford et al. (2003)developed which measure of memory?

In a lexical decision task:

The greater ERP amplitude observed by Cona et al. (2012)in their event-based condition was thought to reflect:

According to the PlaneCrashInfo.com.accident database, 58% of the fatal accidents were due at least in part to:

Performance is generally better on event-based tasks than time-based ones primarily because:

Nonfocal tasks involve:

Memory for people, words, and events encountered in the past is termed:

Cuttler and Graf (2009)reported that compulsive checkers:

Zogg et al.'s (2012)conceptual model of prospective memory included all of the following stages EXCEPT:

Rummel et al. (2012)reported evidence suggesting that participants given implementation intentions:

Marsh, Hicks, and Landau (1998)found people reported an average of 15 plans for the forthcoming week of which 25% were not completed. Why?

Anderson and McDaniel (2019)found prospective memory occupied our thoughts approximately:

Schnitzspahn, Zeintl, Jäger, and Kliegel (2011)found that:

Remembering to purchase orange juice when you next go to the store is best conceptualized as an example of:

What Is Memory

Memory and the Brain

Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Learning

Episodic Memory: Organizing and Remembering

Semantic Memory and Stored Knowledge

Retrieval

Incidental Forgetting

Motivated Forgetting

Autobiographical Memory

Eyewitness Testimony

Memory Across the Lifespan: Growing up

Memory and Aging

When Memory Systems Fail

Improving Your Memory

Filters