Question 1

Which of the following is NOT an example of a heat-shock protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  trigger factor 
B)  GroES 
C)  GroEL 
D)  Clp protease 
E)  DnaK 
A)  trigger factor 
B)  GroES 
C)  GroEL 
D)  Clp protease 
E)  DnaK

Question 2

Gram-negative microbes are surrounded by two layers of ________, between which lies ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  membrane; periplasm 
B)  membrane; periplasmic space and lipopolysaccharide 
C)  membrane; periplasmic space and peptidoglycan 
D)  lipopolysaccharide; periplasmic space and peptidoglycan 
E)  lipopolysaccharide; peptidoglycan 
A)  membrane; periplasm 
B)  membrane; periplasmic space and lipopolysaccharide 
C)  membrane; periplasmic space and peptidoglycan 
D)  lipopolysaccharide; periplasmic space and peptidoglycan 
E)  lipopolysaccharide; peptidoglycan

Question 3

The general secretion complex known as the SecYEG translocon is found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus. 
B)  inner membrane. 
C)  cell wall. 
D)  periplasmic space. 
E)  outer membrane. 
A)  nucleus. 
B)  inner membrane. 
C)  cell wall. 
D)  periplasmic space. 
E)  outer membrane.

Question 4

How does mRNA compare to the template and nontemplate DNA strand?

Accepted Answer

The mRNA is transcribed from the templat

Question 5

The figure below shows a diagram of a DNA and a process. This microorganism is a(n) ________, and the process being diagrammed is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  archaea; exon removal 
B)  bacteria; splicing 
C)  eukaryote; splicing 
D)  bacteria; exon removal 
E)  eukaryote; exon removal 
A)  archaea; exon removal 
B)  bacteria; splicing 
C)  eukaryote; splicing 
D)  bacteria; exon removal 
E)  eukaryote; exon removal

Question 6

Which of the following is normally read as a stop codon but encodes tryptophan in vertebrate mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  AUG 
B)  UCA 
C)  UAC 
D)  UGA 
E)  UAG 
A)  AUG 
B)  UCA 
C)  UAC 
D)  UGA 
E)  UAG

Question 7

As a peptide is produced on a ribosome, describe two methods used to get the protein into its proper shape.

Accepted Answer

DnaJ and DnaK will bind and clamp down o

Question 8

A researcher is studying transcription and has added a chemical to a transcription experiment using both E. coli and mammalian cells. This chemical inhibits both systems. The chemical is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  streptomycin. 
B)  rifamycin. 
C)  erythromycin. 
D)  rifampin. 
E)  actinomycin D. 
A)  streptomycin. 
B)  rifamycin. 
C)  erythromycin. 
D)  rifampin. 
E)  actinomycin D.

Question 9

Different ________ can bind simultaneously to the start of each gene within a polygenic mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  genes 
B)  proteins 
C)  polymerases 
D)  ribosomes 
E)  RNases 
A)  genes 
B)  proteins 
C)  polymerases 
D)  ribosomes 
E)  RNases

Question 10

In the absence of Rho, what can bring about transcription termination?

Accepted Answer

A)  stem and loop and stretches of uridines 
B)  stem and loop only 
C)  GC-rich region near the 3¢ terminus 
D)  GC-rich region near the 3¢ terminus followed by four to eight uridines 
E)  stem and loop followed by a GC-rich region 
A)  stem and loop and stretches of uridines 
B)  stem and loop only 
C)  GC-rich region near the 3¢ terminus 
D)  GC-rich region near the 3¢ terminus followed by four to eight uridines 
E)  stem and loop followed by a GC-rich region

Question 11

The term "________" is used to describe movement of a protein from one compartment to another.

Accepted Answer

A)  export 
B)  import 
C)  translocation 
D)  transport 
E)  secretion 
A)  export 
B)  import 
C)  translocation 
D)  transport 
E)  secretion

Question 12

How are folded and unfolded proteins moved from the cytoplasm to the periplasm?

Accepted Answer

The completed pre-secretion protein is t

Question 13

The significance of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence is that it is the site where

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase binds to begin transcription. 
B)  a ribosome binds so that it can initiate translation. 
C)  DNA polymerase binds to begin chromosome replication. 
D)  the tRNA binds to the mRNA in translation. 
E)  DNA polymerase begins synthesis of the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand. 
A)  RNA polymerase binds to begin transcription. 
B)  a ribosome binds so that it can initiate translation. 
C)  DNA polymerase binds to begin chromosome replication. 
D)  the tRNA binds to the mRNA in translation. 
E)  DNA polymerase begins synthesis of the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

Question 14

The figure below shows subunits of a structure in a bacterial cell. This structure is

Accepted Answer

A)  a type I secretion system. 
B)  RNA polymerase. 
C)  a ribosome. 
D)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
E)  sigma factor and RNA polymerase. 
A)  a type I secretion system. 
B)  RNA polymerase. 
C)  a ribosome. 
D)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
E)  sigma factor and RNA polymerase.

Question 15

Signal sequences are found where?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the 30S ribosomal subunit 
B)  in the 50S ribosomal subunit 
C)  at the N-terminal end of a protein 
D)  at the C-terminal end of a mRNA 
E)  upstream of the promoter 
A)  in the 30S ribosomal subunit 
B)  in the 50S ribosomal subunit 
C)  at the N-terminal end of a protein 
D)  at the C-terminal end of a mRNA 
E)  upstream of the promoter

Question 16

DNA-dependent ________ polymerase makes a copy of DNA that is then used for translation. The process carried out by this enzyme is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA; transformation 
B)  protein; transcription 
C)  DNA; transcription 
D)  RNA; transcription 
E)  protein; transposition 
A)  RNA; transformation 
B)  protein; transcription 
C)  DNA; transcription 
D)  RNA; transcription 
E)  protein; transposition

Exam 8: Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Which of the following is NOT an example of a heat-shock protein?

Gram-negative microbes are surrounded by two layers of ________, between which lies ________.

The general secretion complex known as the SecYEG translocon is found in the

How does mRNA compare to the template and nontemplate DNA strand?

The figure below shows a diagram of a DNA and a process. This microorganism is a(n) ________, and the process being diagrammed is ________.

Which of the following is normally read as a stop codon but encodes tryptophan in vertebrate mitochondria?

As a peptide is produced on a ribosome, describe two methods used to get the protein into its proper shape.

A researcher is studying transcription and has added a chemical to a transcription experiment using both E. coli and mammalian cells. This chemical inhibits both systems. The chemical is most likely

Different ________ can bind simultaneously to the start of each gene within a polygenic mRNA.

In the absence of Rho, what can bring about transcription termination?

The term "________" is used to describe movement of a protein from one compartment to another.

How are folded and unfolded proteins moved from the cytoplasm to the periplasm?

The significance of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence is that it is the site where

The figure below shows subunits of a structure in a bacterial cell. This structure is

Signal sequences are found where?

DNA-dependent ________ polymerase makes a copy of DNA that is then used for translation. The process carried out by this enzyme is called ________.

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters

Gram-negative microbes are surrounded by two layers of , between which lies .

The figure below shows a diagram of a DNA and a process. This microorganism is a(n) , and the process being diagrammed is .

DNA-dependent polymerase makes a copy of DNA that is then used for translation. The process carried out by this enzyme is called .