Question 1

Perhaps some of the most important information recorded in the researcher notes for identification purposes are the:

Accepted Answer

A)  date of experiment and researcher's name. 
B)  condition assignment and date of experiment. 
C)  participant ID and condition assignment. 
D)  researcher's name and participant ID. 
A)  date of experiment and researcher's name. 
B)  condition assignment and date of experiment. 
C)  participant ID and condition assignment. 
D)  researcher's name and participant ID.

Question 2

In experimental studies examining the effectiveness of new medications, researchers often administer a placebo (an inactive substance that should have no medical effect on the participant). Giving a placebo to participants in the control condition increases:

Accepted Answer

A)  external validity. 
B)  internal validity. 
C)  independence. 
D)  extraneous variables. 
A)  external validity. 
B)  internal validity. 
C)  independence. 
D)  extraneous variables.

Question 3

Convenience samples have each of the following benefits, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  they are representative of the population. 
B)  they are readily available. 
C)  they are inexpensive. 
D)  they are easy to use. 
A)  they are representative of the population. 
B)  they are readily available. 
C)  they are inexpensive. 
D)  they are easy to use.

Question 4

Experimenters use random assignment of participants to different groups in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the likelihood that the participants in each group know one another. 
B)  increase the likelihood that participants within a group are similar to one another. 
C)  reduce the likelihood of any preexisting differences between groups. 
D)  ensure that each group has the same number of participants. 
A)  increase the likelihood that the participants in each group know one another. 
B)  increase the likelihood that participants within a group are similar to one another. 
C)  reduce the likelihood of any preexisting differences between groups. 
D)  ensure that each group has the same number of participants.

Question 5

Quinn asked his instructor, "in an experiment, what group is compared to the experimental group to determine causation?" Quinn's instructor responds the:

Accepted Answer

A)  simple group. 
B)  null group. 
C)  variable group. 
D)  control group. 
A)  simple group. 
B)  null group. 
C)  variable group. 
D)  control group.

Question 6

Solomon wants to verify that automatic toothbrushes work better than manual toothbrushes. To test this, he randomly assigns 25 participants to use a Sonicare toothbrush and 25 people to use a manual toothbrush. At the end of the study period he has a dentist inspect each participant's teeth. In this study, the _____ would be considered the independent variable, whereas the _____ would be considered the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  type of toothbrush; number of cavities 
B)  manual toothbrush; automatic toothbrush 
C)  automatic toothbrush; manual toothbrush 
D)  number of cavities; type of toothbrush 
A)  type of toothbrush; number of cavities 
B)  manual toothbrush; automatic toothbrush 
C)  automatic toothbrush; manual toothbrush 
D)  number of cavities; type of toothbrush

Question 7

(Scenario II) Suppose the researchers manipulated the independent variable such that the heavy backpack was 5 pounds and the light backpack was 3 pounds. After conducting the study they saw no difference between the groups when choosing a snack. Prior to the study the researchers should have probably conducted a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  simple experiment. 
B)  independent sample t-test. 
C)  two-group design. 
D)  manipulation check. 
A)  simple experiment. 
B)  independent sample t-test. 
C)  two-group design. 
D)  manipulation check.

Question 8

What is the goal of random assignment?

Accepted Answer

A)  to create two samples that are roughly equal 
B)  to create two samples that are not equal 
C)  to create two different studies to be addressed 
D)  to create two populations that are not equal 
A)  to create two samples that are roughly equal 
B)  to create two samples that are not equal 
C)  to create two different studies to be addressed 
D)  to create two populations that are not equal

Question 9

Lucy is using her newfound scientific appreciation to study phenomena in her own life. This week she wants to conduct an experiment to test whether the dryer is shrinking her jeans. In her study, jeans that are washed and then air dried are her _____ condition.

Accepted Answer

A)  control 
B)  experimental 
C)  dependent 
D)  independent 
A)  control 
B)  experimental 
C)  dependent 
D)  independent

Question 10

In writing the results in APA style for an independent samples t-test, which is the correct order of presentation for results?

Accepted Answer

A)  t score, effect size d, p level 
B)  t score, p level, effect size d 
C)  p level, t score, effect size d 
D)  effect size d, p level, t score 
A)  t score, effect size d, p level 
B)  t score, p level, effect size d 
C)  p level, t score, effect size d 
D)  effect size d, p level, t score

Question 11

Why do researchers often choose to conduct experiments in a laboratory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is cheaper than conducting experiments in their natural environments. 
B)  It is easier than conducting experiments in their natural environments. 
C)  It increases control over experimental manipulations. 
D)  Experiments can only be conducted in the laboratory. 
A)  It is cheaper than conducting experiments in their natural environments. 
B)  It is easier than conducting experiments in their natural environments. 
C)  It increases control over experimental manipulations. 
D)  Experiments can only be conducted in the laboratory.

Question 12

Each of the following is required in a true experiment, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental control. 
B)  a pretest and posttest measurement. 
C)  random assignment. 
D)  temporal precedence. 
A)  experimental control. 
B)  a pretest and posttest measurement. 
C)  random assignment. 
D)  temporal precedence.

Question 13

A self-report measure may be inappropriate when the experimenter has concerns about:

Accepted Answer

A)  covariation. 
B)  mundane realism. 
C)  external validity. 
D)  social desirability bias. 
A)  covariation. 
B)  mundane realism. 
C)  external validity. 
D)  social desirability bias.

Question 14

(Scenario I) Had participants in this study been allowed to select which group therapy they wanted to participate in, the researchers would have used _____ assignment.

Accepted Answer

A)  random 
B)  nonrandom 
C)  quasi-random 
D)  matched-pair 
A)  random 
B)  nonrandom 
C)  quasi-random 
D)  matched-pair

Question 15

_____ is a measure that helps determine whether the modification effectively changed (or varied) the independent variable across conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimental realism 
B)  Effect size 
C)  Manipulation check 
D)  Random assignment 
A)  Experimental realism 
B)  Effect size 
C)  Manipulation check 
D)  Random assignment

Question 16

For which of the following would a two-group experimental research design be appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  a study examining the effect of high- and low-mortality salience on risk taking 
B)  an examination of the attachment styles of a mother and her three children 
C)  an investigation of the developmental differences between children raised by one parent versus both parents 
D)  interviews of returning soldiers aimed at assessing PTSD risk 
A)  a study examining the effect of high- and low-mortality salience on risk taking 
B)  an examination of the attachment styles of a mother and her three children 
C)  an investigation of the developmental differences between children raised by one parent versus both parents 
D)  interviews of returning soldiers aimed at assessing PTSD risk

Question 17

Riya is examining whether exposure to sunlight will minimize the depressive symptoms associated with seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Her study design requires participants to sit outside in direct sunlight rather than use sunlamps because this gives her study more:

Accepted Answer

A)  mundane realism. 
B)  statistical significance. 
C)  internal validity. 
D)  experimental control. 
A)  mundane realism. 
B)  statistical significance. 
C)  internal validity. 
D)  experimental control.

Question 18

Which of the following represents a nondirectional hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Professor Nils believes that bringing donuts to his class will have a negative impact on his course evaluations. 
B)  Professor Nils believes that bringing donuts to his class will have a positive impact on his course evaluations. 
C)  Professor Nils believes that bringing donuts to his class will have some type of impact on his course evaluations. 
D)  Professor Nils believes that bringing donuts to his class will not have an impact on his course evaluations. 
A)  Professor Nils believes that bringing donuts to his class will have a negative impact on his course evaluations. 
B)  Professor Nils believes that bringing donuts to his class will have a positive impact on his course evaluations. 
C)  Professor Nils believes that bringing donuts to his class will have some type of impact on his course evaluations. 
D)  Professor Nils believes that bringing donuts to his class will not have an impact on his course evaluations.

Question 19

Another common term for a "simple experiment" is:

Accepted Answer

A)  matched-pair design. 
B)  two-group design. 
C)  multifactorial design. 
D)  quasi-experimental design. 
A)  matched-pair design. 
B)  two-group design. 
C)  multifactorial design. 
D)  quasi-experimental design.

Question 20

Isabel would like for her experiment to have as much experimental realism as possible. Accordingly, when examining the impact of fear on memory, she uses _____ to induce participants' fear.

Accepted Answer

A)  pictures of a snake 
B)  a video of a snake 
C)  an actual snake 
D)  visualization of a snake 
A)  pictures of a snake 
B)  a video of a snake 
C)  an actual snake 
D)  visualization of a snake

Perhaps some of the most important information recorded in the researcher notes for identification purposes are the:

In experimental studies examining the effectiveness of new medications, researchers often administer a placebo (an inactive substance that should have no medical effect on the participant). Giving a placebo to participants in the control condition increases:

Convenience samples have each of the following benefits, EXCEPT:

Experimenters use random assignment of participants to different groups in order to:

Quinn asked his instructor, "in an experiment, what group is compared to the experimental group to determine causation?" Quinn's instructor responds the:

What is the goal of random assignment?

Lucy is using her newfound scientific appreciation to study phenomena in her own life. This week she wants to conduct an experiment to test whether the dryer is shrinking her jeans. In her study, jeans that are washed and then air dried are her _____ condition.

In writing the results in APA style for an independent samples t-test, which is the correct order of presentation for results?

Why do researchers often choose to conduct experiments in a laboratory?

Each of the following is required in a true experiment, EXCEPT:

A self-report measure may be inappropriate when the experimenter has concerns about:

(Scenario I) Had participants in this study been allowed to select which group therapy they wanted to participate in, the researchers would have used _____ assignment.

_____ is a measure that helps determine whether the modification effectively changed (or varied) the independent variable across conditions.

For which of the following would a two-group experimental research design be appropriate?

Riya is examining whether exposure to sunlight will minimize the depressive symptoms associated with seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Her study design requires participants to sit outside in direct sunlight rather than use sunlamps because this gives her study more:

Which of the following represents a nondirectional hypothesis?

Another common term for a "simple experiment" is:

Isabel would like for her experiment to have as much experimental realism as possible. Accordingly, when examining the impact of fear on memory, she uses _____ to induce participants' fear.

Psychology As a Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions

The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Multigroup Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

Within-Subjects Design: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pick-Up Lines Really Work

Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders

Using Research in the Real World: How Do You Know If You Are Truly Helping

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Exam 8: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Perhaps some of the most important information recorded in the researcher notes for identification purposes are the:

In experimental studies examining the effectiveness of new medications, researchers often administer a placebo (an inactive substance that should have no medical effect on the participant). Giving a placebo to participants in the control condition increases:

Convenience samples have each of the following benefits, EXCEPT:

Experimenters use random assignment of participants to different groups in order to:

Quinn asked his instructor, "in an experiment, what group is compared to the experimental group to determine causation?" Quinn's instructor responds the:

What is the goal of random assignment?

Lucy is using her newfound scientific appreciation to study phenomena in her own life. This week she wants to conduct an experiment to test whether the dryer is shrinking her jeans. In her study, jeans that are washed and then air dried are her _____ condition.

In writing the results in APA style for an independent samples t-test, which is the correct order of presentation for results?

Why do researchers often choose to conduct experiments in a laboratory?

Each of the following is required in a true experiment, EXCEPT:

A self-report measure may be inappropriate when the experimenter has concerns about:

(Scenario I) Had participants in this study been allowed to select which group therapy they wanted to participate in, the researchers would have used _____ assignment.

_____ is a measure that helps determine whether the modification effectively changed (or varied) the independent variable across conditions.

For which of the following would a two-group experimental research design be appropriate?

Riya is examining whether exposure to sunlight will minimize the depressive symptoms associated with seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Her study design requires participants to sit outside in direct sunlight rather than use sunlamps because this gives her study more:

Which of the following represents a nondirectional hypothesis?

Another common term for a "simple experiment" is:

Isabel would like for her experiment to have as much experimental realism as possible. Accordingly, when examining the impact of fear on memory, she uses _____ to induce participants' fear.

Psychology As a Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions

The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Multigroup Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

Within-Subjects Design: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pick-Up Lines Really Work

Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders

Using Research in the Real World: How Do You Know If You Are Truly Helping

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