Exam 12: Development Over the Lifespan

A child is told a story about Bobby, who puts his teddy bear under his bed and then goes outside to play. While he is gone, Bobby's mother comes in to clean his room, finds his teddy bear, and puts it in the closet. When asked where Bobby will look for his teddy bear when he returns, most 2- and 3-year olds will say that Bobby will look ____________, and most 4-year olds will say __________.

Harry Harlow presented infant monkeys with two "surrogate mothers." One was a bare wire cylinder with a feeding bottle, and the other was a wire cylinder covered with soft terry cloth that had no feeding bottle. In his experiments ___________.

At 65, Terry is diagnosed with cancer. He refuses to believe that he has a sickness, because he feels fine, so he does not get any treatment. When his physician informs him that his case has become terminal because he did not act, Terry tells his friends that his doctor doesn't know what he's talking about. When Terry's friends begin to treat him differently than they did a year ago, Terry wonders why. According to Kübler-Ross, Terry is in the _________________ stage with regard to death.

Lev Vygotsky proposed that the difference between what a child can do independently and what a child can do with assistance from adults or more advanced peers is called the zone of proximal development.

The process by which new experiences are incorporated into existing schemas is called __________, and the process by which new experiences cause existing schemas to change is called __________.

Sandra is able to understand a false belief task. According to the idea of theory of mind, Sandra should

It has been found that the presence of the ___________ on axons increases their speed.

Which of the following statements regarding conflicts between teenagers and their parents is true?

Mrs. Lee has just found out that she has stage 4 cancer and will probably not live for another year. She thinks that her doctor is terribly wrong and wants a second and a third opinion. She knows that this could not happen to her-she has done everything "right" all of her life. According to Kubler-Ross's theory about death, Mrs. Lee is engaging in

Of Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles, the authoritarian parenting style is associated with the least positive child outcomes.

Yan and Christie are having a discussion about politics. Both are able to reason abstractly, buy Christie is able to accept contradictions and acknowledge Yan's opposing viewpoint. Most likely we would say that Christie has reached the stage of

Which of the following first appears during the preoperational stage of cognitive development?

A baby can perceive the full range of colours now as the baby's three types of cones and their circuits are functional. What age has this baby reached?

Megan is developing her attachment bonds. She is at age where she can walk. According Bowlby's theory of attachment, Megan will stay close to her mom and dad because of

What is the correct sequence of stages of prenatal development, from earliest to latest?

The primary difference between Lawrence Kohlberg's stage 3 and stage 4 moral reasoning is that in stage 3, children base their decisions on ___________, whereas in stage 4 they base them on ____________.

A person strongly feels that one must show respect for authority to maintain social order. In which of Kohlberg's stage of moral reasoning does this person fall?

All of the following are stage theories EXCEPT

Though Jean Piaget assumed that children under the age of 6 to 7 years old have great difficulty understanding other people's mental states, recent studies have suggested that children have some understanding that other people's perspectives can differ from their own by the age of ____________.

With regard to Jean Piaget's stages of development, modern developmental researchers have determined that