Exam 12: Development Over the Lifespan

Auditory pattern perception is _____________ in young infants, who can detect tiny changes in adult speech sounds that differentiate one word from another (called phonemes) by ___________ of age.

When Lexie's parents come home from the hospital with her new sister, Brianna, Lexie asks why the baby's head is so big compared to her body. In words Lexie can understand her parents explain that physical growth starts with the head, as a result of the ________________ principle.

You are examining a monkey colony and notice that some of the young monkeys are behaving strangely. They appear either indifferent, terrified or aggressive compared to the other monkeys. What do you suspect based on what you know about social development?

Before decorating the nursery for her newborn, Lynne consults a psychologist who advises her that

Piaget's theory of cognitive development suggests a number of milestones to achieve in moving from one stage to another. The milestone for moving from the preoperational stage to the concrete operations stage is achieving or resolving

Professor Sandis is interested in the development of cognitive abilities. She wants to avoid any possible cohort effect problem. Which design would you suggest she use?

When researchers use a cross-sectional design, they typically find that both fluid and crystallized intelligence decline relatively early in life, but they often find that both of these abilities remain stable until much later in life when they use a(n) ___________ design.

A child is almost two years old, and is embarrassed when they spill beads from a basket. This shows a development of their ___________.

Syphilis and the HIV virus are both examples of teratogens that can cause abnormal prenatal development.

Researchers interested in learning how creativity affects one's marital prospects compared five groups of people; each set ten years older than the previous one. This is called a _____ design, and each of the different age groups are called _____.

Mia is having trouble with the concept of "odd and even numbers." Her teacher helps Mia by getting her to count to 10. The teacher notes that she started with an odd number (1), then went to an even number (2), and then alternated, odd, even, odd, even until she hit the number 10. Mia finally gets it. According to Vygotsky and his work on social context, Mia understood because the teacher moved Mia into

Seventy-year-old Mikayla is a retired police officer. She enjoys traveling with her husband, walking her dog, and reading newspapers to stay current with world events. Occasionally she acts as a guest speaker at a local police academy, and she recently began taking a class on English literature, a topic that has always interested her. People often ask her how she has managed to stay so healthy and active when others her age are experiencing mental and physical decline. She can tell them that

Studies indicate that most people who retire ________ likely to become anxious, depressed, or lonely. These risks that are associated with retirement become more likely when the retirement is _________.

Mrs. Lee has just found out that she has stage 4 cancer and will probably not live for another year. She really wants to see her new grandchild who will be born in 5 months and would be willing to give up any additional time if she can just make it that long. According to Kubler-Ross's theory about death, Mrs. Lee is engaging in

A child has low self-esteem, is not very popular with her peers, and is not doing very well in school, but shows no signs of any aggressive or impulsive behaviour. These are all adjustment outcomes associated with the ______________ style of parenting.

In his model of psychosocial development, Erik Erikson proposed that personality

When examining physical development, we can conclude that environmental influences don't have a role to play.

A child who places a great deal of attention on striving for achievement and mastering various tasks such as cleaning the dishes, shooting a basketball, or getting good grades in school would most likely be classified as being in Erik Erikson's ______________ stage of psychosocial development.

According to Erik Erikson, all of the following are major developmental challenges of adulthood except

Jaeden thinks the speed limit is lower than it should be and doesn't feel bad when he drives faster than the posted limit. He owns a radar detector so that he can slow down if the police are ticketing, because although he doesn't think he's doing anything wrong, he doesn't want to be ticketed. On the issue of speeding, Jaeden is reasoning at the _______________ level.