Exam 8: Memory

The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon can occur because we have difficulty recalling an actual memory that has been stored in our brains, but it is also possible that this effect could sometimes be the result of ____________.

Your roommate decides to try different studying strategies for each of his three classes. In Art History 101, he focuses on the beautiful handwriting of his instructor. In Spanish 101, he focuses on the melodious voice of his instructor. In Philosophy 101, he focuses on the thought-provoking arguments presented by his instructor. According to the depth of processing model, in which class should he get the best grade?

Discuss the various components and subcomponents of long-term memory giving examples of each of the various subcomponents.

When you forget and your forget that you forgot then you're utilizing a defense mechanism called repression.

Explain how context-dependent and state-dependent memory illustrate the encoding specificity principle.

Explain the concepts of associative networks and priming.

Research has found that self-generating many retrieval cues facilitates memory. It is assumed that this type of processing facilitates encoding by

Phonological code is to semantic code as ____________.

If you think for a moment about the concept "school," it is likely that other concepts such as "textbooks," "teachers," and "exams" may also come to mind. The fact that these other words can be triggered by the word "school" is best considered to be an example of

Warner learned how to program in the computer language C++ in high school. He is currently learning how to write code using Java for a university course. He finds that he frequently includes pieces in his Java code that would only work for C++. He is experiencing

When you try to remember your 10^th birthday party, you always picture a younger version of yourself sitting around a cake with friends. However, you've recently come across some old photos of that day which reminded you that (because of a last minute change with the day the party took place) there actually was no cake that year. It occurs to you that you probably have had cake every year since, and those more recent memories may have affected what you thought happened on your 10^th birthday. If that was the case, what principle could it demonstrate?

Your friend is trying to help you study for a psychology exam. You're having trouble remembering all the different types of long-term memory discussed in your textbook. They suggest you organize the information in a way that benefits from your understanding of how the concepts relate to each other. For example, starting by categorizing which kinds of memories are considered declarative and which are considered non-declarative. What principle is your friend applying?

Both remembering and forgetting are adaptive processes for human beings.

What is sensory memory? Describe the experimental design used by George Sperling to measure the iconic store and summarize his results. Besides the iconic store, what is the other major sensory register and how long does it typically last compared to the iconic store?

Your ability to remember information better when you study in a classroom (versus in the library) would be an example of state dependent memory.

The hippocampus plays a critical role in the encoding of long-term declarative memories.

Troy knows how to tie his own shoes and can do it almost without thinking about it as he ties them. Troy remembers the first time he learned to tie his shoes by himself. For Troy, the memory of that first time is a(n) _____________.

Imagine that you have studied for an exam in a quiet environment and your physiological arousal has been low while you were studying. If on the day of the exam you were given the test in a quiet environment and your physiological arousal remained low, the concept of state-dependent memory would predict that your recall would be good and the concept of context-dependent memory would predict that your recall would __________.

Classically conditioned responses are to procedural memory as general factual knowledge of the world is to ________________.

Leslie was getting ready to landscape the yard of her new house. After researching and then shopping for specific trees, she decided on a beautiful magnolia for the showpiece of her garden. One of the things Leslie liked the most was the unusual elegance of the tree and the fact she had never seen one before. After purchasing the tree she was dismayed to see that only three houses down the street, right in front of the bus stop she used every day, was a beautiful magnolia. The fact she had been exposed to this tree and not remembered it is an example of ________ processing.