Question 1

The three major approaches that scientists use to study the brain regions involved in memory are studies of

Accepted Answer

A) electrical stimulation, non-human animal lesions, brain-imaging 
B) encoding, storage, and retrieval 
C) episodic, semantic, and procedural memory 
D) sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory 
A) electrical stimulation, non-human animal lesions, brain-imaging 
B) encoding, storage, and retrieval 
C) episodic, semantic, and procedural memory 
D) sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory

Question 2

You have just witnessed a traffic accident. In order to best avoid a misinformation effect, the police officer should ask you which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) How fast were the cars going when they contacted each other? 
B) How fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other? 
C) How fast were the cars going when they collided with each other? 
D) How fast were the cars going when they crashed into each other? 
E) Were the cars speeding when the accident occur 
A) How fast were the cars going when they contacted each other? 
B) How fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other? 
C) How fast were the cars going when they collided with each other? 
D) How fast were the cars going when they crashed into each other? 
E) Were the cars speeding when the accident occur

Question 3

Research with expert and novice chess players by Chase and Simon revealed that experts were able to accurately recall the placement of more chess pieces than novices after a 5-second glance when

Accepted Answer

A) the pieces were arranged meaningfully 
B) the experts were allowed to use maintenance rehearsal 
C) the experts were allowed to use elaborative rehearsal 
D) the pieces were arranged randomly 
A) the pieces were arranged meaningfully 
B) the experts were allowed to use maintenance rehearsal 
C) the experts were allowed to use elaborative rehearsal 
D) the pieces were arranged randomly

Question 4

Explain how research on long-term potentiation has led to a better understanding of how memories are formed.

Accepted Answer

Research on long-term potentiation (LTP)

Question 5

Mnemonists are people who display extraordinary memory skills. Xhosa would like to learn to remember things better, so she buys a book on improving her memory. Assuming that the book was written by a legitimate memory expert, what can Xhosa expect?

Accepted Answer

A) Extraordinary memory skills are completely innate, so it's little use for her to try to improve her memory. 
B) Experts agree that memory skills can be learned, so if Xhosa works hard she can have an astonishing memory. 
C) Xhosa will improve her memory skills only if she relies on rote memorization. 
D) Experts disagree on whether exceptional memory skills are influenced by genetics or are completely learned, so without knowing more about Xhosa, we can't say. 
E) While unlikely to be able to provide any constructive advice on improving the memory of someone else, reading about the author's childhood may help Xhosa gain a better understanding of what factors led to the mnemonist's superior memory. 
A) Extraordinary memory skills are completely innate, so it's little use for her to try to improve her memory. 
B) Experts agree that memory skills can be learned, so if Xhosa works hard she can have an astonishing memory. 
C) Xhosa will improve her memory skills only if she relies on rote memorization. 
D) Experts disagree on whether exceptional memory skills are influenced by genetics or are completely learned, so without knowing more about Xhosa, we can't say. 
E) While unlikely to be able to provide any constructive advice on improving the memory of someone else, reading about the author's childhood may help Xhosa gain a better understanding of what factors led to the mnemonist's superior memory.

Question 6

Incoming visual or auditory information that is stored just long enough to be recognized is stored in:

Accepted Answer

A) procedural memory 
B) short-term memory 
C) declarative memory 
D) sensory memory 
A) procedural memory 
B) short-term memory 
C) declarative memory 
D) sensory memory

Question 7

If you suddenly lost your semantic memory, which of the following would you no longer be able to do?

Accepted Answer

A) Recall the capital of Italy 
B) Recognize if a word had been presented before 
C) Recall what you did last night 
D) Recall how to drive a car 
E) Become consciously aware of memory races 
A) Recall the capital of Italy 
B) Recognize if a word had been presented before 
C) Recall what you did last night 
D) Recall how to drive a car 
E) Become consciously aware of memory races

Question 8

While studying for a test, imagine that you focused a great deal of attention on the meaning of the information and attempted to relate it to examples and concepts that you are already familiar with. Your studying would best be considered an example of

Accepted Answer

A) maintenance rehearsal 
B) chunking 
C) elaborative rehearsal 
D) automatic processing 
A) maintenance rehearsal 
B) chunking 
C) elaborative rehearsal 
D) automatic processing

Question 9

Information about frequency, spatial location, and sequence of events often enters memory through _____________ processing.

Accepted Answer

A) generative 
B) consolidated 
C) automatic 
D) primacy 
A) generative 
B) consolidated 
C) automatic 
D) primacy

Question 10

Research by Gail Goodman and her colleagues (1994) examining the effect of misleading questions on children's memories for a single painful hospital procedure revealed that the memories of both younger and older children were not influenced by these questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If information is encoded using both verbal and visual encoding, it is more likely that at least one of the codes will be available later to facilitate recall. This is referred to as the ______________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A) bimodal 
B) encoding specificity 
C) dual coding 
D) repeated encoding 
A) bimodal 
B) encoding specificity 
C) dual coding 
D) repeated encoding

Question 12

An organized pattern of thought about some aspect of the world, such as people, events, situations, or objects is a ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) memory trace 
B) schema 
C) retrieval cue 
D) procedural memory 
A) memory trace 
B) schema 
C) retrieval cue 
D) procedural memory

Question 13

In comparison to novice chess players, expert chess players possess schemas that allow them to recall more randomly placed chess pieces.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A patient had surgery for a brain tumour, and now cannot form new memories for anything since the surgery. This would be an example of _______________ amnesia.

Accepted Answer

A) prolonged 
B) generative 
C) anterograde 
D) retrograde 
A) prolonged 
B) generative 
C) anterograde 
D) retrograde

Question 15

Why does having multiple, self-generated retrieval cues enhance recall?

Accepted Answer

Having multiple, self-generated retrieva

Question 16

If you were asked right now to list the two different types of declarative memory, this would be an example of what is called a

Accepted Answer

A) recognition test 
B) prospective test 
C) recall test 
D) priming test 
A) recognition test 
B) prospective test 
C) recall test 
D) priming test

Question 17

The memories of children who were undergoing painful medical procedures reveal that

Accepted Answer

A) younger children showed evidence of memory repression while older children did not 
B) older children showed evidence of memory repression while younger children did not 
C) neither younger nor older children showed any evidence of memory repression 
D) both younger and older children showed evidence of memory repression 
A) younger children showed evidence of memory repression while older children did not 
B) older children showed evidence of memory repression while younger children did not 
C) neither younger nor older children showed any evidence of memory repression 
D) both younger and older children showed evidence of memory repression

Question 18

Making a grocery list and taking notes for a class are both examples of ____________, which refers to encoding that is initiated intentionally and requires conscious attention.

Accepted Answer

A) effortful processing 
B) automatic processing 
C) maintenance rehearsal 
D) state-dependent memory 
A) effortful processing 
B) automatic processing 
C) maintenance rehearsal 
D) state-dependent memory

Question 19

The model that asserts that a node in a memory network consists of an idea, a word, or a concept is the _________________ model, whereas the model that argues that a node is physical in nature and does not contain individual units of information is called the ____________ model.

Accepted Answer

A) associative network; dual-coding 
B) dual-coding; associative network 
C) associative network; neural network 
D) neural network; dual-coding 
A) associative network; dual-coding 
B) dual-coding; associative network 
C) associative network; neural network 
D) neural network; dual-coding

Question 20

Yan learns the words to "I Know You Want Me" while intoxicated at a frat party. Under which conditions will Yan be LEAST likely to remember these lyrics?

Accepted Answer

A) When he is drunk 
B) When he is at work (and sober) 
C) When is with his frat buddies at school 
D) When he is at the frat house 
E) When he is socializing, but sober 
A) When he is drunk 
B) When he is at work (and sober) 
C) When is with his frat buddies at school 
D) When he is at the frat house 
E) When he is socializing, but sober

The three major approaches that scientists use to study the brain regions involved in memory are studies of

You have just witnessed a traffic accident. In order to best avoid a misinformation effect, the police officer should ask you which of the following?

Research with expert and novice chess players by Chase and Simon revealed that experts were able to accurately recall the placement of more chess pieces than novices after a 5-second glance when

Explain how research on long-term potentiation has led to a better understanding of how memories are formed.

Mnemonists are people who display extraordinary memory skills. Xhosa would like to learn to remember things better, so she buys a book on improving her memory. Assuming that the book was written by a legitimate memory expert, what can Xhosa expect?

Incoming visual or auditory information that is stored just long enough to be recognized is stored in:

If you suddenly lost your semantic memory, which of the following would you no longer be able to do?

While studying for a test, imagine that you focused a great deal of attention on the meaning of the information and attempted to relate it to examples and concepts that you are already familiar with. Your studying would best be considered an example of

Information about frequency, spatial location, and sequence of events often enters memory through _____________ processing.

Research by Gail Goodman and her colleagues (1994) examining the effect of misleading questions on children's memories for a single painful hospital procedure revealed that the memories of both younger and older children were not influenced by these questions.

If information is encoded using both verbal and visual encoding, it is more likely that at least one of the codes will be available later to facilitate recall. This is referred to as the ______________ theory.

An organized pattern of thought about some aspect of the world, such as people, events, situations, or objects is a ____________.

In comparison to novice chess players, expert chess players possess schemas that allow them to recall more randomly placed chess pieces.

A patient had surgery for a brain tumour, and now cannot form new memories for anything since the surgery. This would be an example of _______________ amnesia.

Why does having multiple, self-generated retrieval cues enhance recall?

If you were asked right now to list the two different types of declarative memory, this would be an example of what is called a

The memories of children who were undergoing painful medical procedures reveal that

Making a grocery list and taking notes for a class are both examples of ____________, which refers to encoding that is initiated intentionally and requires conscious attention.

The model that asserts that a node in a memory network consists of an idea, a word, or a concept is the _____ model, whereas the model that argues that a node is physical in nature and does not contain individual units of information is called the model.

Yan learns the words to "I Know You Want Me" while intoxicated at a frat party. Under which conditions will Yan be LEAST likely to remember these lyrics?

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 8: Memory

The three major approaches that scientists use to study the brain regions involved in memory are studies of

You have just witnessed a traffic accident. In order to best avoid a misinformation effect, the police officer should ask you which of the following?

Research with expert and novice chess players by Chase and Simon revealed that experts were able to accurately recall the placement of more chess pieces than novices after a 5-second glance when

Explain how research on long-term potentiation has led to a better understanding of how memories are formed.

Mnemonists are people who display extraordinary memory skills. Xhosa would like to learn to remember things better, so she buys a book on improving her memory. Assuming that the book was written by a legitimate memory expert, what can Xhosa expect?

Incoming visual or auditory information that is stored just long enough to be recognized is stored in:

If you suddenly lost your semantic memory, which of the following would you no longer be able to do?

While studying for a test, imagine that you focused a great deal of attention on the meaning of the information and attempted to relate it to examples and concepts that you are already familiar with. Your studying would best be considered an example of

Information about frequency, spatial location, and sequence of events often enters memory through _____________ processing.

Research by Gail Goodman and her colleagues (1994) examining the effect of misleading questions on children's memories for a single painful hospital procedure revealed that the memories of both younger and older children were not influenced by these questions.

If information is encoded using both verbal and visual encoding, it is more likely that at least one of the codes will be available later to facilitate recall. This is referred to as the ______________ theory.

An organized pattern of thought about some aspect of the world, such as people, events, situations, or objects is a ____________.

In comparison to novice chess players, expert chess players possess schemas that allow them to recall more randomly placed chess pieces.

A patient had surgery for a brain tumour, and now cannot form new memories for anything since the surgery. This would be an example of _______________ amnesia.

Why does having multiple, self-generated retrieval cues enhance recall?

If you were asked right now to list the two different types of declarative memory, this would be an example of what is called a

The memories of children who were undergoing painful medical procedures reveal that

Making a grocery list and taking notes for a class are both examples of ____________, which refers to encoding that is initiated intentionally and requires conscious attention.

The model that asserts that a node in a memory network consists of an idea, a word, or a concept is the _________________ model, whereas the model that argues that a node is physical in nature and does not contain individual units of information is called the ____________ model.

Yan learns the words to "I Know You Want Me" while intoxicated at a frat party. Under which conditions will Yan be LEAST likely to remember these lyrics?

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

The model that asserts that a node in a memory network consists of an idea, a word, or a concept is the _____ model, whereas the model that argues that a node is physical in nature and does not contain individual units of information is called the model.