Question 1

Students often report that they do better on exams if they write in the same room where they had the class. If this is true, it probably reflects

Accepted Answer

A) mood congruency 
B) explicit recall 
C) encoding specificity 
D) procedural memory 
E) a trace effect 
A) mood congruency 
B) explicit recall 
C) encoding specificity 
D) procedural memory 
E) a trace effect

Question 2

A patient of yours has some memory problems. But the problems are very specific-- he can not seem to remember factual knowledge. You suspect that there may be damage to any of the following areas EXECPT

Accepted Answer

A) the frontal cortex 
B) the hippocampus 
C) the thalamus 
D) the amygdala 
E) all of these may be involved in factual memory 
A) the frontal cortex 
B) the hippocampus 
C) the thalamus 
D) the amygdala 
E) all of these may be involved in factual memory

Question 3

What kinds of factors serve to create inaccuracies in memory or forgetting? In your answer, discuss the relevance of the misinformation effect and source confusion. How does this information relate to your opinion of the eyewitness testimony?

Accepted Answer

There are several factors that can contr

Question 4

The distortion of a memory by misleading post-event data or facts is known as

Accepted Answer

A) proactive interference 
B) anterograde amnesia 
C) the misinformation effect 
D) the encoding specificity principle 
A) proactive interference 
B) anterograde amnesia 
C) the misinformation effect 
D) the encoding specificity principle

Question 5

Which of the following statements regarding the tendency for people to forget traumatic personal events is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Children and adults almost never forget traumatic personal events. 
B) Memory loss for traumatic events can occur with both children and adults. 
C) It is very common for adults to forget traumatic events, but it almost never happens with children. 
D) It is very common for young children to forget traumatic events, but it almost never happens with adults. 
A) Children and adults almost never forget traumatic personal events. 
B) Memory loss for traumatic events can occur with both children and adults. 
C) It is very common for adults to forget traumatic events, but it almost never happens with children. 
D) It is very common for young children to forget traumatic events, but it almost never happens with adults.

Question 6

Priming occurs when the activation of one node ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) leads to more self-activation 
B) leads to a stronger response by the node 
C) spreads the activation to related nodes 
D) is greater than the activation of any other node 
A) leads to more self-activation 
B) leads to a stronger response by the node 
C) spreads the activation to related nodes 
D) is greater than the activation of any other node

Question 7

Consider the following two lists of words: List 1) man, mad, cap, can, map. List 2) big, huge, broad, long, tall. When presented with these two lists, research indicates that people usually have more difficulty accurately remembering List 1, which suggests that an important role in short-term memory is played by ____________ encoding.

Accepted Answer

A) semantic 
B) visual 
C) episodic 
D) phonological 
A) semantic 
B) visual 
C) episodic 
D) phonological

Question 8

Encoding is a process of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) translating information into neural code 
B) retaining information over time 
C) accessing stored information 
D) accessing information over time 
A) translating information into neural code 
B) retaining information over time 
C) accessing stored information 
D) accessing information over time

Question 9

Professor Lee is conducting a memory study for word lists and wants to prevent a recency effect. What should he do?

Accepted Answer

A) Delay recall and prevent rehearsal. 
B) Give people more time to focus before recall at the end of the list. 
C) Present the list at a very fast rate. 
D) Move people to a different room for recall. 
E) There is no way to prevent a recency effect. 
A) Delay recall and prevent rehearsal. 
B) Give people more time to focus before recall at the end of the list. 
C) Present the list at a very fast rate. 
D) Move people to a different room for recall. 
E) There is no way to prevent a recency effect.

Question 10

When you mentally repeat the number of houses you are looking as you drive around a neighbourhood, you are using the __________ component of Baddeley's working memory model.

Accepted Answer

A) episodic buffer 
B) central executive control 
C) visual-spatial working memory 
D) auditory working memory 
A) episodic buffer 
B) central executive control 
C) visual-spatial working memory 
D) auditory working memory

Question 11

Our tendency to recall something or to recognize it as familiar but to forget where we encountered it is called

Accepted Answer

A) source confusion 
B) proactive interference 
C) temporary functional amnesia 
D) retroactive interference 
A) source confusion 
B) proactive interference 
C) temporary functional amnesia 
D) retroactive interference

Question 12

Sandy is taking both introductory and cognitive psychology courses this term and the first midterm for each course is on the same day. Sandy studies for her introductory psychology course for several hours and then cognitive psychology course for several hours. When she takes her exam for introductory psychology course first thing the next morning, the information she studied for cognitive psychology course interferes with her ability to recall the introductory psychology course material. This is a clear example of

Accepted Answer

A) decay theory 
B) motivated forgetting 
C) proactive interference 
D) retroactive interference 
A) decay theory 
B) motivated forgetting 
C) proactive interference 
D) retroactive interference

Question 13

According to psychologist Alan Baddeley, working memory is divided into which of the following four components?

Accepted Answer

A) Sensory, short-term, levels of processing, and long-term memory 
B) Episodic, procedural, implicit, and semantic memory 
C) Auditory, visual-spatial, episodic buffer, and central executive working memory 
D) Encoding, storage, organization, and retrieval 
A) Sensory, short-term, levels of processing, and long-term memory 
B) Episodic, procedural, implicit, and semantic memory 
C) Auditory, visual-spatial, episodic buffer, and central executive working memory 
D) Encoding, storage, organization, and retrieval

Question 14

A study conducted by Chase and Simon demonstrated that experts had superior recall than novices for the placement of chess pieces when the pieces were placed meaningfully on the board. However, this difference disappeared when the pieces were placed randomly. The researchers used the concepts of ____________ to explain these results.

Accepted Answer

A) proactive and retroactive interference 
B) maintenance and elaborative rehearsal 
C) visual-spatial and auditory working memory 
D) schemas and chunking 
A) proactive and retroactive interference 
B) maintenance and elaborative rehearsal 
C) visual-spatial and auditory working memory 
D) schemas and chunking

Question 15

According to the depth of processing model, semantic encoding involves the deepest processing because it requires us to attend to the ________________ the information being encoded.

Accepted Answer

A) sound of 
B) physical form of 
C) details associated with 
D) meaning of 
A) sound of 
B) physical form of 
C) details associated with 
D) meaning of

Students often report that they do better on exams if they write in the same room where they had the class. If this is true, it probably reflects

A patient of yours has some memory problems. But the problems are very specific-- he can not seem to remember factual knowledge. You suspect that there may be damage to any of the following areas EXECPT

What kinds of factors serve to create inaccuracies in memory or forgetting? In your answer, discuss the relevance of the misinformation effect and source confusion. How does this information relate to your opinion of the eyewitness testimony?

The distortion of a memory by misleading post-event data or facts is known as

Which of the following statements regarding the tendency for people to forget traumatic personal events is most accurate?

Priming occurs when the activation of one node ____________.

Encoding is a process of ____________.

Professor Lee is conducting a memory study for word lists and wants to prevent a recency effect. What should he do?

When you mentally repeat the number of houses you are looking as you drive around a neighbourhood, you are using the __________ component of Baddeley's working memory model.

Our tendency to recall something or to recognize it as familiar but to forget where we encountered it is called

According to psychologist Alan Baddeley, working memory is divided into which of the following four components?

According to the depth of processing model, semantic encoding involves the deepest processing because it requires us to attend to the ________________ the information being encoded.

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

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Exam 8: Memory

Students often report that they do better on exams if they write in the same room where they had the class. If this is true, it probably reflects

A patient of yours has some memory problems. But the problems are very specific-- he can not seem to remember factual knowledge. You suspect that there may be damage to any of the following areas EXECPT

What kinds of factors serve to create inaccuracies in memory or forgetting? In your answer, discuss the relevance of the misinformation effect and source confusion. How does this information relate to your opinion of the eyewitness testimony?

The distortion of a memory by misleading post-event data or facts is known as

Which of the following statements regarding the tendency for people to forget traumatic personal events is most accurate?

Priming occurs when the activation of one node ____________.

Encoding is a process of ____________.

Professor Lee is conducting a memory study for word lists and wants to prevent a recency effect. What should he do?

When you mentally repeat the number of houses you are looking as you drive around a neighbourhood, you are using the __________ component of Baddeley's working memory model.

Our tendency to recall something or to recognize it as familiar but to forget where we encountered it is called

According to psychologist Alan Baddeley, working memory is divided into which of the following four components?

According to the depth of processing model, semantic encoding involves the deepest processing because it requires us to attend to the ________________ the information being encoded.

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters