Question 1

Which of the following taxonomic levels is most inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)  order 
B)  genus 
C)  family 
D)  class 
A)  order 
B)  genus 
C)  family 
D)  class

Question 2

Examine the figure below.According to the figure,cladistic analysis indicates that crocodiles are more closely related to ________ than to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  birds... pterosaurs 
B)  snakes... birds 
C)  Ornithischian dinosaurs… pterosaurs 
D)  birds... lizards 
A)  birds... pterosaurs 
B)  snakes... birds 
C)  Ornithischian dinosaurs… pterosaurs 
D)  birds... lizards

Question 3

Homology is evidence of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution 
B)  polyploidy 
C)  common ancestry 
D)  paedomorphosis 
A)  convergent evolution 
B)  polyploidy 
C)  common ancestry 
D)  paedomorphosis

Question 4

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi that live on land 
B)  bacteria that reproduce only asexually 
C)  complex plants that have flowers 
D)  animals that use asexual and sexual reproduction 
A)  fungi that live on land 
B)  bacteria that reproduce only asexually 
C)  complex plants that have flowers 
D)  animals that use asexual and sexual reproduction

Question 5

What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies mate only with males who emit light in a particular pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat isolation 
B)  temporal isolation 
C)  mechanical isolation 
D)  behavioral isolation 
A)  habitat isolation 
B)  temporal isolation 
C)  mechanical isolation 
D)  behavioral isolation

Question 6

The wing of a bald eagle is ________ the wing of a penguin.

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent with 
B)  homologous to 
C)  unrelated to 
D)  analogous to 
A)  convergent with 
B)  homologous to 
C)  unrelated to 
D)  analogous to

Question 7

Read the following scenario to answer the following questions.
In some zoos, rare crosses between a male lion and a female tiger have produced hybrid offspring called "ligers." Male ligers are sterile but some female ligers are fertile. In the wild, lion and tiger ranges do not naturally overlap, making such a cross unlikely. Furthermore, the solitary behavior of tigers and the social organizations of lions create behavioral differences.
-The natural differences in the ranges of wild tigers and lions is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a prezygotic barrier 
B)  a postzygotic barrier 
C)  the impact of mutations 
D)  sympatric speciation 
A)  a prezygotic barrier 
B)  a postzygotic barrier 
C)  the impact of mutations 
D)  sympatric speciation

Question 8

When two frog species,Rana pipiens and Rana sylvatica,mate,the offspring die early in embryonic development.This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrid sterility 
B)  mechanical isolation 
C)  reduced hybrid viability 
D)  reduced hybrid fertility 
A)  hybrid sterility 
B)  mechanical isolation 
C)  reduced hybrid viability 
D)  reduced hybrid fertility

Question 9

Sympatric speciation specifically EXCLUDES ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral isolation 
B)  postzygotic barriers 
C)  geographic isolation 
D)  temporal isolation 
A)  behavioral isolation 
B)  postzygotic barriers 
C)  geographic isolation 
D)  temporal isolation

Question 10

Which of the following is the strongest piece of evidence for why some scientists believe that we are at the start of a sixth mass extinction?

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease in biodiversity 
B)  decrease in fossil discoveries 
C)  decrease in allopatric species 
D)  decrease in hybrid fertility 
A)  decrease in biodiversity 
B)  decrease in fossil discoveries 
C)  decrease in allopatric species 
D)  decrease in hybrid fertility

Question 11

A reproductive barrier that prevents individuals from closely related species from interbreeding is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a prezygotic barrier 
B)  allopatric speciation 
C)  sympatric speciation 
D)  geographic isolation of populations 
A)  a prezygotic barrier 
B)  allopatric speciation 
C)  sympatric speciation 
D)  geographic isolation of populations

Question 12

Plate tectonics has been responsible for instances of all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  volcanic explosions 
B)  sympatric speciation 
C)  allopatric speciation 
D)  mass extinction 
A)  volcanic explosions 
B)  sympatric speciation 
C)  allopatric speciation 
D)  mass extinction

Question 13

An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A)  outgroup 
B)  clade 
C)  genus 
D)  ingroup 
A)  outgroup 
B)  clade 
C)  genus 
D)  ingroup

Question 14

When you go outside,it is common to hear a variety of bird songs.These songs vary among bird species as well as bird flocks.Interestingly,some bird species that are highly unrelated have very similar song qualities.What can you conclude from this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bird songs are homologous traits. 
B)  The bird songs have achieved speciation after coming from allopatric species. 
C)  The bird songs are analogous traits. 
D)  The bird songs have different molecular DNA. 
A)  The bird songs are homologous traits. 
B)  The bird songs have achieved speciation after coming from allopatric species. 
C)  The bird songs are analogous traits. 
D)  The bird songs have different molecular DNA.

Question 15

Molecular systematics might examine all of the following types of data EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins 
B)  DNA sequences 
C)  amino acid sequences 
D)  anatomical features 
A)  proteins 
B)  DNA sequences 
C)  amino acid sequences 
D)  anatomical features

Question 16

Which of the following describes allopatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A population of squirrels is separated by the Grand Canyon. The two subpopulations evolve into two distinct species. 
B)  A tetraploid plant species evolves from a diploid ancestor. Both the tetraploid and diploid species are found in the same habitat. 
C)  One population breeds in the fall; another population breeds in the spring. 
D)  A male horse and a female donkey mate, producing a sterile hinny. 
A)  A population of squirrels is separated by the Grand Canyon. The two subpopulations evolve into two distinct species. 
B)  A tetraploid plant species evolves from a diploid ancestor. Both the tetraploid and diploid species are found in the same habitat. 
C)  One population breeds in the fall; another population breeds in the spring. 
D)  A male horse and a female donkey mate, producing a sterile hinny.

Question 17

Speciation requires ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  periods of rapid evolutionary change 
B)  geographic isolation 
C)  long periods of time 
D)  genetic isolation 
A)  periods of rapid evolutionary change 
B)  geographic isolation 
C)  long periods of time 
D)  genetic isolation

Question 18

A period of mass extinction is often followed by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  explosive diversification 
B)  paedomorphosis 
C)  global warming 
D)  continental drift 
A)  explosive diversification 
B)  paedomorphosis 
C)  global warming 
D)  continental drift

Question 19

Of the following taxonomic levels,species found within the same ________ are the most closely related.

Accepted Answer

A)  family 
B)  phylum 
C)  order 
D)  domain 
A)  family 
B)  phylum 
C)  order 
D)  domain

Question 20

What hypothesis did Luis and Walter Alvarez test in relation to the mass extinction of dinosaurs 65 million years ago (MYA)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by a surge of catastrophic cyclones. 
B)  The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by a slow but steady increase in climate temperatures. 
C)  The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by an impact of an extraterrestrial object. 
D)  The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by the loss of preferred plants for food. 
A)  The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by a surge of catastrophic cyclones. 
B)  The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by a slow but steady increase in climate temperatures. 
C)  The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by an impact of an extraterrestrial object. 
D)  The mass extinction 65 MYA was caused by the loss of preferred plants for food.

Exam 14: How Biological Diversity Evolves

Which of the following taxonomic levels is most inclusive?

Examine the figure below.According to the figure,cladistic analysis indicates that crocodiles are more closely related to ________ than to ________.

Homology is evidence of ________.

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ________.

What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies mate only with males who emit light in a particular pattern?

The wing of a bald eagle is ________ the wing of a penguin.

When two frog species,Rana pipiens and Rana sylvatica,mate,the offspring die early in embryonic development.This is an example of ________.

Sympatric speciation specifically EXCLUDES ________.

Which of the following is the strongest piece of evidence for why some scientists believe that we are at the start of a sixth mass extinction?

A reproductive barrier that prevents individuals from closely related species from interbreeding is an example of ________.

Plate tectonics has been responsible for instances of all of the following EXCEPT ________.

An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a(n)________.

When you go outside,it is common to hear a variety of bird songs.These songs vary among bird species as well as bird flocks.Interestingly,some bird species that are highly unrelated have very similar song qualities.What can you conclude from this phenomenon?

Molecular systematics might examine all of the following types of data EXCEPT ________.

Which of the following describes allopatric speciation?

Speciation requires ________.

A period of mass extinction is often followed by ________.

Of the following taxonomic levels,species found within the same ________ are the most closely related.

What hypothesis did Luis and Walter Alvarez test in relation to the mass extinction of dinosaurs 65 million years ago (MYA)?

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy from Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of DNA

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Body's Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters

Examine the figure below.According to the figure,cladistic analysis indicates that crocodiles are more closely related to than to .