Question 1

When body temperature is too low,which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood vessels in the skin constrict. 
B)  Muscles relax. 
C)  Sweat glands are activated. 
D)  Blood vessels at the body surface dilate and fill with blood. 
A)  Blood vessels in the skin constrict. 
B)  Muscles relax. 
C)  Sweat glands are activated. 
D)  Blood vessels at the body surface dilate and fill with blood.

Question 2

-Examine the figure above that shows negative feedback in a thermostat.If the room becomes too warm,the next thing that will occur is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  heating stops 
B)  the set point decreases 
C)  the room cools 
D)  the heater is turned off 
A)  heating stops 
B)  the set point decreases 
C)  the room cools 
D)  the heater is turned off

Question 3

Which of the following is a physiological response that takes place in many animals when they get too hot?

Accepted Answer

A)  slowing of the heart rate 
B)  constriction of blood vessels in the skin 
C)  contraction of muscles 
D)  increased blood flow to the skin 
A)  slowing of the heart rate 
B)  constriction of blood vessels in the skin 
C)  contraction of muscles 
D)  increased blood flow to the skin

Question 4

The fact that every organism continuously exchanges chemicals and energy with its surroundings indicates that organisms ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are open systems 
B)  are closed systems 
C)  have tightly controlled thermoregulation 
D)  osmoregulate 
A)  are open systems 
B)  are closed systems 
C)  have tightly controlled thermoregulation 
D)  osmoregulate

Question 5

Which one of the following types of tissue stores fat in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  cartilage 
B)  bone 
C)  adipose tissue 
D)  fibrous connective tissue 
A)  cartilage 
B)  bone 
C)  adipose tissue 
D)  fibrous connective tissue

Question 6

To study the effect of ambient (environmental) temperature on the metabolic rate of animals, a scientist takes a small animal and puts it in a sealed chamber with oxygen. The scientist measures the amount of oxygen used by the animal at different temperatures. The temperatures selected are those that the animal normally encounters in nature. The data from this experiment are in the table below.
  
-What best describes the regulatory mechanism described in the scenario?

Accepted Answer

A)  negative feedback 
B)  positive feedback 
C)  thermoregulation 
D)  natural selection 
A)  negative feedback 
B)  positive feedback 
C)  thermoregulation 
D)  natural selection

Question 7

Homeostasis ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is the maintenance of an unchanging internal state 
B)  is a pathological condition 
C)  is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment 
D)  is the way the internal environment influences the external environment 
A)  is the maintenance of an unchanging internal state 
B)  is a pathological condition 
C)  is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment 
D)  is the way the internal environment influences the external environment

Question 8

Which of the following statements apply to freshwater fish?

Accepted Answer

A)  They lose water by osmosis. 
B)  The concentration of solutes in their internal fluids is lower than in the surrounding water. 
C)  They pump out ions via the gills. 
D)  They produce dilute urine. 
A)  They lose water by osmosis. 
B)  The concentration of solutes in their internal fluids is lower than in the surrounding water. 
C)  They pump out ions via the gills. 
D)  They produce dilute urine.

Question 9

The figure below shows that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostatic mechanisms allow cats to sense their external environments 
B)  homeostatic mechanisms allow cats to use their internal conditions to affect their external environments 
C)  cats experience no variations in their internal conditions 
D)  homeostatic mechanisms allow cats to maintain relatively constant internal conditions even when the external environment changes 
A)  homeostatic mechanisms allow cats to sense their external environments 
B)  homeostatic mechanisms allow cats to use their internal conditions to affect their external environments 
C)  cats experience no variations in their internal conditions 
D)  homeostatic mechanisms allow cats to maintain relatively constant internal conditions even when the external environment changes

Question 10

The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant by varying the amount of hydrogen ions (H⁺)it secretes into the urine.You can confidently predict that this aspect of kidney function,like other mechanisms of homeostasis,will be controlled by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a negative feedback mechanism 
B)  nerve impulses from the brain 
C)  a hormone produced in the brain 
D)  a hormone produced in the kidney itself 
A)  a negative feedback mechanism 
B)  nerve impulses from the brain 
C)  a hormone produced in the brain 
D)  a hormone produced in the kidney itself

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about organs?

Accepted Answer

A)  An organ represents a higher level of structure than the tissues composing it. 
B)  An organ consists of several tissues. 
C)  An organ can carry out only the functions of its component tissues. 
D)  An organ consists of many cells. 
A)  An organ represents a higher level of structure than the tissues composing it. 
B)  An organ consists of several tissues. 
C)  An organ can carry out only the functions of its component tissues. 
D)  An organ consists of many cells.

Question 12

A physiologist is a biologist who studies the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  structure of living things 
B)  structure of body parts 
C)  evolution of animals 
D)  function of body parts 
A)  structure of living things 
B)  structure of body parts 
C)  evolution of animals 
D)  function of body parts

Question 13

Which of the following is most likely to be responsible if,when your blood sugar level rose,the level went back down?

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of the sugar for energy by your cells 
B)  a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback 
C)  type 2 diabetes 
D)  a homeostatic mechanism based on positive feedback 
A)  the use of the sugar for energy by your cells 
B)  a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback 
C)  type 2 diabetes 
D)  a homeostatic mechanism based on positive feedback

Question 14

Which type of tissue forms an electrical communication system within the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  nervous 
B)  blood 
C)  connective 
D)  muscle 
A)  nervous 
B)  blood 
C)  connective 
D)  muscle

Question 15

Which of the following animals is an ectotherm?

Accepted Answer

A)  human 
B)  parrot 
C)  spiny lobster 
D)  field mouse 
A)  human 
B)  parrot 
C)  spiny lobster 
D)  field mouse

Question 16

A diuretic is a substance that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  promotes sweating 
B)  regulates the contraction of cardiac muscle 
C)  inhibits urinary water loss 
D)  promotes urinary water loss 
A)  promotes sweating 
B)  regulates the contraction of cardiac muscle 
C)  inhibits urinary water loss 
D)  promotes urinary water loss

Question 17

To study the effect of ambient (environmental) temperature on the metabolic rate of animals, a scientist takes a small animal and puts it in a sealed chamber with oxygen. The scientist measures the amount of oxygen used by the animal at different temperatures. The temperatures selected are those that the animal normally encounters in nature. The data from this experiment are in the table below.
  
-To communicate the results of the experiment best,how should the scientist graph the data?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use a bar graph with oxygen consumption on the x-axis and temperature on the y-axis. 
B)  Use a line graph with day on the x-axis and temperature on the y-axis. 
C)  Use a line graph with temperature on the x-axis and oxygen consumption on the y-axis. 
D)  Use a bar graph with temperature on the x-axis and oxygen consumption on the y-axis. 
A)  Use a bar graph with oxygen consumption on the x-axis and temperature on the y-axis. 
B)  Use a line graph with day on the x-axis and temperature on the y-axis. 
C)  Use a line graph with temperature on the x-axis and oxygen consumption on the y-axis. 
D)  Use a bar graph with temperature on the x-axis and oxygen consumption on the y-axis.

Question 18

A main function of most types of epithelial tissue is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensation 
B)  support 
C)  covering surfaces 
D)  absorption 
A)  sensation 
B)  support 
C)  covering surfaces 
D)  absorption

Question 19

One function of this organ system is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  excretion of urea 
B)  production of gametes 
C)  protection of the body 
D)  thermoregulation 
A)  excretion of urea 
B)  production of gametes 
C)  protection of the body 
D)  thermoregulation

Question 20

To study the effect of ambient (environmental) temperature on the metabolic rate of animals, a scientist takes a small animal and puts it in a sealed chamber with oxygen. The scientist measures the amount of oxygen used by the animal at different temperatures. The temperatures selected are those that the animal normally encounters in nature. The data from this experiment are in the table below.
  
-The thermoregulatory strategy of the animal studied by the scientist is most likely to be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an ectotherm 
B)  an endotherm 
C)  one that cannot thermoregulate 
D)  one that primarily uses behavior to regulate temperature 
A)  an ectotherm 
B)  an endotherm 
C)  one that cannot thermoregulate 
D)  one that primarily uses behavior to regulate temperature

Exam 21: Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

When body temperature is too low,which of the following occurs?

-Examine the figure above that shows negative feedback in a thermostat.If the room becomes too warm,the next thing that will occur is ________.

Which of the following is a physiological response that takes place in many animals when they get too hot?

The fact that every organism continuously exchanges chemicals and energy with its surroundings indicates that organisms ________.

Which one of the following types of tissue stores fat in the body?

Homeostasis ________.

Which of the following statements apply to freshwater fish?

The figure below shows that ________.

The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant by varying the amount of hydrogen ions (H⁺)it secretes into the urine.You can confidently predict that this aspect of kidney function,like other mechanisms of homeostasis,will be controlled by ________.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about organs?

A physiologist is a biologist who studies the ________.

Which of the following is most likely to be responsible if,when your blood sugar level rose,the level went back down?

Which type of tissue forms an electrical communication system within the body?

Which of the following animals is an ectotherm?

A diuretic is a substance that ________.

A main function of most types of epithelial tissue is ________.

One function of this organ system is ________.

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy from Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of DNA

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Body's Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

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