Question 1

As children become adolescents, their self-esteem increasingly becomes based on

Accepted Answer

A) their academic achievement. 
B) their own internalized standards. 
C) peers' evaluations. 
D) their appearance. 
A) their academic achievement. 
B) their own internalized standards. 
C) peers' evaluations. 
D) their appearance.

Question 2

The MOST likely source of the differences in peer relationships between children who were securely attached as infants and those who were insecurely attached as infants are differences in

Accepted Answer

A) the quality of adult models. 
B) opportunities for peer interaction. 
C) abilities to use social comparisons. 
D) internal working models. 
A) the quality of adult models. 
B) opportunities for peer interaction. 
C) abilities to use social comparisons. 
D) internal working models.

Question 3

Internal working models of attachment

Accepted Answer

A) persist throughout childhood, but not into adulthood. 
B) involve individuals' feelings about being worthy or unworthy of love. 
C) are possessed only by securely attached individuals. 
D) are entirely due to biology. 
A) persist throughout childhood, but not into adulthood. 
B) involve individuals' feelings about being worthy or unworthy of love. 
C) are possessed only by securely attached individuals. 
D) are entirely due to biology.

Question 4

It may be that children with ASD have difficulties in interacting with other people because they have a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) fixation on the personal fable. 
B) impaired sense of self-awareness. 
C) limited imaginary audience. 
D) hindered joint attention abilities. 
A) fixation on the personal fable. 
B) impaired sense of self-awareness. 
C) limited imaginary audience. 
D) hindered joint attention abilities.

Question 5

Maurice is currently developing his ethnic and racial identity. Which of these is NOT a necessary component of his ethnic and racial identity?

Accepted Answer

A) self-identification 
B) feelings and preferences 
C) knowledge 
D) gender 
A) self-identification 
B) feelings and preferences 
C) knowledge 
D) gender

Question 6

Which statement is TRUE of ethnic-minority youth and their ethnic identity?

Accepted Answer

A) The final status of ethnic identity for all minority individuals is ethnic-identity achievement. 
B) Higher levels of ethnic identity are generally associated with behavioural problems. 
C) The development of a bicultural identity can provide some benefits. 
D) Lessening of commitment to the ethnic group is considered part of ethnic-identity achievement. 
A) The final status of ethnic identity for all minority individuals is ethnic-identity achievement. 
B) Higher levels of ethnic identity are generally associated with behavioural problems. 
C) The development of a bicultural identity can provide some benefits. 
D) Lessening of commitment to the ethnic group is considered part of ethnic-identity achievement.

Question 7

Describe the reciprocal associations between parental sensitivity and children's self-esteem, and between peer acceptance and children's self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

Perhaps the most important influence on

Question 8

An individual's mental representation of the self, of attachment figures, and of relationships in general that is based on early experiences with caregivers is referred to as his or her

Accepted Answer

A) attachment security. 
B) personal fable. 
C) internal working model. 
D) identity. 
A) attachment security. 
B) personal fable. 
C) internal working model. 
D) identity.

Question 9

Which goal is NOT taught to parents as part of the ABC intervention?

Accepted Answer

A) providing nurturance to the child 
B) following the child's lead 
C) avoiding frightening behaviours 
D) changing maladaptive representations of parent-child relationships 
A) providing nurturance to the child 
B) following the child's lead 
C) avoiding frightening behaviours 
D) changing maladaptive representations of parent-child relationships

Question 10

Hina is a young adolescent. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A) "I just don't understand why sometimes I am so nice and other times I am so mean." 
B) "I don't have that many friends." 
C) "I have more friends than Kate because she isn't as nice a person as I am." 
D) "I can be a real introvert sometimes." 
A) "I just don't understand why sometimes I am so nice and other times I am so mean." 
B) "I don't have that many friends." 
C) "I have more friends than Kate because she isn't as nice a person as I am." 
D) "I can be a real introvert sometimes."

Question 11

Which milestone is NOT an indication that a child has a sense of self?

Accepted Answer

A) experiencing embarrassment 
B) recognizing self in the mirror 
C) attempting to set own goals in opposition to parents' goals 
D) imitating others' facial expressions 
A) experiencing embarrassment 
B) recognizing self in the mirror 
C) attempting to set own goals in opposition to parents' goals 
D) imitating others' facial expressions

Question 12

Yana is a 9-year-old biracial girl. Which of the following is she MOST likely to report as being an essential part of her identity?

Accepted Answer

A) her ethnicity 
B) her race 
C) her gender 
D) her sex 
A) her ethnicity 
B) her race 
C) her gender 
D) her sex

Question 13

Describe the four identity-status categories into which researchers classify adolescents. For each category, provide the criteria used to classify individuals into the category.

Accepted Answer

The adolescent identity-status categorie

Question 14

Which portion of the Strange Situation MOST indicates the quality of the attachment bond?

Accepted Answer

A) separations from the caregiver 
B) reunions with the caregiver 
C) interactions with a stranger 
D) contact with novel objects 
A) separations from the caregiver 
B) reunions with the caregiver 
C) interactions with a stranger 
D) contact with novel objects

Question 15

To assess self-esteem, researchers generally do NOT ask children about

Accepted Answer

A) how they feel about themselves in general. 
B) their perceptions of their academic ability. 
C) their perceptions of their social acceptance. 
D) their parents' expectations of them. 
A) how they feel about themselves in general. 
B) their perceptions of their academic ability. 
C) their perceptions of their social acceptance. 
D) their parents' expectations of them.

Question 16

Children recognize themselves in the mirror starting at approximately what age?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 months 
B) 18 months 
C) 24 months 
D) 36 months 
A) 12 months 
B) 18 months 
C) 24 months 
D) 36 months

Question 17

Which behaviour is an indication that an infant has a sense of self?

Accepted Answer

A) making independent movements 
B) crying 
C) exhibiting separation distress 
D) talking 
A) making independent movements 
B) crying 
C) exhibiting separation distress 
D) talking

Question 18

The belief, stemming from adolescent egocentrism, that everyone else is focused on the adolescent's appearance and behaviour is known as

Accepted Answer

A) the imaginary audience. 
B) the personal fable. 
C) social comparison. 
D) self-concept. 
A) the imaginary audience. 
B) the personal fable. 
C) social comparison. 
D) self-concept.

Question 19

Mothers who are easily overwhelmed and inconsistent in responding to their infants are more likely than are other mothers to have infants who are

Accepted Answer

A) insecure/resistant. 
B) disorganized/disoriented. 
C) difficult. 
D) insecure/avoidant. 
A) insecure/resistant. 
B) disorganized/disoriented. 
C) difficult. 
D) insecure/avoidant.

Question 20

Self-esteem refers to one's

Accepted Answer

A) sense of identity. 
B) evaluation of the self. 
C) overall evaluation of the self and the feelings about that evaluation. 
D) feelings about oneself. 
A) sense of identity. 
B) evaluation of the self. 
C) overall evaluation of the self and the feelings about that evaluation. 
D) feelings about oneself.

As children become adolescents, their self-esteem increasingly becomes based on

The MOST likely source of the differences in peer relationships between children who were securely attached as infants and those who were insecurely attached as infants are differences in

Internal working models of attachment

It may be that children with ASD have difficulties in interacting with other people because they have a(n)

Maurice is currently developing his ethnic and racial identity. Which of these is NOT a necessary component of his ethnic and racial identity?

Which statement is TRUE of ethnic-minority youth and their ethnic identity?

Describe the reciprocal associations between parental sensitivity and children's self-esteem, and between peer acceptance and children's self-esteem.

An individual's mental representation of the self, of attachment figures, and of relationships in general that is based on early experiences with caregivers is referred to as his or her

Which goal is NOT taught to parents as part of the ABC intervention?

Hina is a young adolescent. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

Which milestone is NOT an indication that a child has a sense of self?

Yana is a 9-year-old biracial girl. Which of the following is she MOST likely to report as being an essential part of her identity?

Describe the four identity-status categories into which researchers classify adolescents. For each category, provide the criteria used to classify individuals into the category.

Which portion of the Strange Situation MOST indicates the quality of the attachment bond?

To assess self-esteem, researchers generally do NOT ask children about

Children recognize themselves in the mirror starting at approximately what age?

Which behaviour is an indication that an infant has a sense of self?

The belief, stemming from adolescent egocentrism, that everyone else is focused on the adolescent's appearance and behaviour is known as

Mothers who are easily overwhelmed and inconsistent in responding to their infants are more likely than are other mothers to have infants who are

Self-esteem refers to one's

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 11: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

As children become adolescents, their self-esteem increasingly becomes based on

The MOST likely source of the differences in peer relationships between children who were securely attached as infants and those who were insecurely attached as infants are differences in

Internal working models of attachment

It may be that children with ASD have difficulties in interacting with other people because they have a(n)

Maurice is currently developing his ethnic and racial identity. Which of these is NOT a necessary component of his ethnic and racial identity?

Which statement is TRUE of ethnic-minority youth and their ethnic identity?

Describe the reciprocal associations between parental sensitivity and children's self-esteem, and between peer acceptance and children's self-esteem.

An individual's mental representation of the self, of attachment figures, and of relationships in general that is based on early experiences with caregivers is referred to as his or her

Which goal is NOT taught to parents as part of the ABC intervention?

Hina is a young adolescent. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

Which milestone is NOT an indication that a child has a sense of self?

Yana is a 9-year-old biracial girl. Which of the following is she MOST likely to report as being an essential part of her identity?

Describe the four identity-status categories into which researchers classify adolescents. For each category, provide the criteria used to classify individuals into the category.

Which portion of the Strange Situation MOST indicates the quality of the attachment bond?

To assess self-esteem, researchers generally do NOT ask children about

Children recognize themselves in the mirror starting at approximately what age?

Which behaviour is an indication that an infant has a sense of self?

The belief, stemming from adolescent egocentrism, that everyone else is focused on the adolescent's appearance and behaviour is known as

Mothers who are easily overwhelmed and inconsistent in responding to their infants are more likely than are other mothers to have infants who are

Self-esteem refers to one's

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters