Question 1

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-higher inside cell

Accepted Answer

A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels 
A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels

Question 2

When a neuron releases a neuromodulator that _____ the release of neurotransmitters from another neuron, this is called presynaptic facilitation.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases 
B)  increases 
A)  decreases 
B)  increases

Question 3

Schwann cells differ from oligodendrocytes in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells form myelin; oligodendrocytes do not. 
B)  Oligodendrocytes are only found in the PNS; Schwann cells are only found in the CNS. 
C)  Schwann cells form sheaths around several axons, while oligodendrocytes form sheaths around only one axon. 
D)  Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a portion of only one axon, while oligodendrocytes can surround portions of several axons. 
E)  None of these choices are true differences. 
A)  Schwann cells form myelin; oligodendrocytes do not. 
B)  Oligodendrocytes are only found in the PNS; Schwann cells are only found in the CNS. 
C)  Schwann cells form sheaths around several axons, while oligodendrocytes form sheaths around only one axon. 
D)  Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a portion of only one axon, while oligodendrocytes can surround portions of several axons. 
E)  None of these choices are true differences.

Question 4

What is the only neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  glutamate 
A)  serotonin 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  glutamate

Question 5

When two action potentials arrive simultaneously at two different presynaptic terminals that synapse with the same postsynaptic neuron,

Accepted Answer

A)  the direction of the action potential is reversed. 
B)  temporal summation occurs. 
C)  spatial summation occurs. 
D)  hyperpolarization occurs. 
E)  threshold is never reached. 
A)  the direction of the action potential is reversed. 
B)  temporal summation occurs. 
C)  spatial summation occurs. 
D)  hyperpolarization occurs. 
E)  threshold is never reached.

Question 6

The gray matter of the cerebrum is composed of neuron cell bodies and makes up both the ______ and the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex ; deep cerebral nuclei 
B)  cerebral tracts ; cortex 
C)  cortex ; white matter 
A)  cortex ; deep cerebral nuclei 
B)  cerebral tracts ; cortex 
C)  cortex ; white matter

Question 7

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells.
ependymal

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells.
ependymal...

Question 8

The central nervous system includes the

Accepted Answer

A)  ganglia. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  spinal nerves. 
D)  cranial nerves. 
E)  sensory receptors. 
A)  ganglia. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  spinal nerves. 
D)  cranial nerves. 
E)  sensory receptors.

Question 9

The nervous system has two subdivisions - the central nervous system and the ____________ nervous system.
peripheral

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nervous system has two subdivisions -...

Question 10

Gray matter consists of bundles of myelinated axons.
FALSE

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Identify structure "D" on the neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cell 
B)  Node of Ranvier 
C)  neuron cell body (soma) 
D)  dendrites 
E)  axon 
A)  Schwann cell 
B)  Node of Ranvier 
C)  neuron cell body (soma) 
D)  dendrites 
E)  axon

Question 12

The blood-brain barrier

Accepted Answer

A)  permits passage of foreign substances from the blood to the neurons. 
B)  prohibits the transport of amino acids and glucose to the neurons. 
C)  prohibits the removal of waste materials from the neurons. 
D)  protects neurons from toxic substances in the blood. 
E)  does not prevent fluctuations in the composition of the blood from affecting the functions of the brain. 
A)  permits passage of foreign substances from the blood to the neurons. 
B)  prohibits the transport of amino acids and glucose to the neurons. 
C)  prohibits the removal of waste materials from the neurons. 
D)  protects neurons from toxic substances in the blood. 
E)  does not prevent fluctuations in the composition of the blood from affecting the functions of the brain.

Question 13

The figure illustrates the Action Potential. What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  repolarization 
B)  depolarization 
C)  local potential 
D)  threshold 
E)  afterpotential 
A)  repolarization 
B)  depolarization 
C)  local potential 
D)  threshold 
E)  afterpotential

Question 14

A series of local potentials causes the membrane potential to move to -80 mV. Predict the result.

Accepted Answer

A)  threshold is reached 
B)  depolarization occurs 
C)  the neuron is hyperpolarized 
D)  information of frequency is needed to predict the result 
E)  the neuron releases neurotransmitter in response 
A)  threshold is reached 
B)  depolarization occurs 
C)  the neuron is hyperpolarized 
D)  information of frequency is needed to predict the result 
E)  the neuron releases neurotransmitter in response

Question 15

____________ are neuroglia cells that are macrophages.
microglia

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________ are neuroglia cells that are macrophages.
microglia...

Question 16

Gap junctions are functional __________ synapses.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical 
B)  electrical 
C)  potential 
D)  intracellular 
E)  neuromuscular 
A)  chemical 
B)  electrical 
C)  potential 
D)  intracellular 
E)  neuromuscular

Question 17

Neurotransmitters are released from the

Accepted Answer

A)  epineurium. 
B)  synaptic cleft. 
C)  presynaptic terminal. 
D)  postsynaptic membrane. 
E)  calcium channels. 
A)  epineurium. 
B)  synaptic cleft. 
C)  presynaptic terminal. 
D)  postsynaptic membrane. 
E)  calcium channels.

Question 18

During the absolute refractory period, the cell

Accepted Answer

A)  generates many local potentials. 
B)  is insensitive to further stimulation. 
C)  responds to even weak stimuli. 
D)  reverses the direction of the action potential. 
E)  is very sensitive. 
A)  generates many local potentials. 
B)  is insensitive to further stimulation. 
C)  responds to even weak stimuli. 
D)  reverses the direction of the action potential. 
E)  is very sensitive.

Question 19

The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse. What does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  postsynaptic membrane 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  synaptic vesicle 
D)  voltage-gated calcium channel 
E)  presynaptic terminal 
A)  postsynaptic membrane 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  synaptic vesicle 
D)  voltage-gated calcium channel 
E)  presynaptic terminal

Question 20

The absolute refractory period ends when

Accepted Answer

A)  inactivation gates of voltage-gated Na+ ion channels reopen. 
B)  activation gates of voltage-gates Na+ ion channels reopen. 
C)  the sodium-potassium exchange pump stops. 
D)  voltage-gated K+ channels open. 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  inactivation gates of voltage-gated Na+ ion channels reopen. 
B)  activation gates of voltage-gates Na+ ion channels reopen. 
C)  the sodium-potassium exchange pump stops. 
D)  voltage-gated K+ channels open. 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -higher inside cell

When a neuron releases a neuromodulator that _____ the release of neurotransmitters from another neuron, this is called presynaptic facilitation.

Schwann cells differ from oligodendrocytes in which of the following ways?

What is the only neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

When two action potentials arrive simultaneously at two different presynaptic terminals that synapse with the same postsynaptic neuron,

The gray matter of the cerebrum is composed of neuron cell bodies and makes up both the ______ and the ______.

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells. ependymal

The central nervous system includes the

The nervous system has two subdivisions - the central nervous system and the ____________ nervous system. peripheral

Gray matter consists of bundles of myelinated axons. FALSE

Identify structure "D" on the neuron.

The blood-brain barrier

The figure illustrates the Action Potential. What does "C" represent?

A series of local potentials causes the membrane potential to move to -80 mV. Predict the result.

____________ are neuroglia cells that are macrophages. microglia

Gap junctions are functional __________ synapses.

Neurotransmitters are released from the

During the absolute refractory period, the cell

The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse. What does "E" represent?

The absolute refractory period ends when

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

The gray matter of the cerebrum is composed of neuron cell bodies and makes up both the and the .