Question 1

Which of the following statements is INACCURATE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards can help the manager to lead effectively through motivation. 
B)  Reinforcement theory helps managers understand the environment as a major source of rewards and how people's behaviour is influenced by these environmental consequences. 
C)  Process theories help managers to understand how people give meaning to rewards and then respond with various work-related behaviours. 
D)  Trait theories of leadership provide insights into how to accomplish the maximum motivational impact. 
E)  Content theories help managers to understand human needs and how people with different needs may respond to different work situations. 
A)  Both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards can help the manager to lead effectively through motivation. 
B)  Reinforcement theory helps managers understand the environment as a major source of rewards and how people's behaviour is influenced by these environmental consequences. 
C)  Process theories help managers to understand how people give meaning to rewards and then respond with various work-related behaviours. 
D)  Trait theories of leadership provide insights into how to accomplish the maximum motivational impact. 
E)  Content theories help managers to understand human needs and how people with different needs may respond to different work situations. E

Question 2

Which of the following descriptions of the need for power is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  People high in need for power prefer work that involves control over other persons, has an impact on people and events, and brings public recognition and attention. 
B)  The need for social power is essential to managerial leadership. 
C)  The need for personal power is crucial fo r success in management. 
D)  The need for social power involves using power in socially responsible ways and is directed toward organisational rather than personal objectives. 
E)  The need for personal power is exploitative and involves manipulation and power for the pure sake of personal gratification. 
A)  People high in need for power prefer work that involves control over other persons, has an impact on people and events, and brings public recognition and attention. 
B)  The need for social power is essential to managerial leadership. 
C)  The need for personal power is crucial fo r success in management. 
D)  The need for social power involves using power in socially responsible ways and is directed toward organisational rather than personal objectives. 
E)  The need for personal power is exploitative and involves manipulation and power for the pure sake of personal gratification. C

Question 3

__________ systems are common in self-managing teams where the responsibilities include the training and certification of co-workers in job skills.

Accepted Answer

A)  Skills-based pay 
B)  Experience-based pay 
C)  Bonus pay 
D)  Specialty-based pay 
E)  Knowledge-based pay 
A)  Skills-based pay 
B)  Experience-based pay 
C)  Bonus pay 
D)  Specialty-based pay 
E)  Knowledge-based pay A

Question 4

__________ refer(s) to forces within the individual that account for the level, direction and persistence of effort expended at work.

Accepted Answer

A)  Work desire 
B)  Career aspiration 
C)  Job expectations 
D)  Motivation 
E)  Job preferences 
A)  Work desire 
B)  Career aspiration 
C)  Job expectations 
D)  Motivation 
E)  Job preferences

Question 5

All the following statements accurately describe Herzberg's hygiene factors EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  hygiene factors refer to the work setting. 
B)  hygiene factors contribute to job satisfaction. 
C)  hygiene factors prevent job dissatisfaction from occurring. 
D)  hygiene factors reflect the things that turn people off. 
E)  hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organisational policies and salary. 
A)  hygiene factors refer to the work setting. 
B)  hygiene factors contribute to job satisfaction. 
C)  hygiene factors prevent job dissatisfaction from occurring. 
D)  hygiene factors reflect the things that turn people off. 
E)  hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organisational policies and salary.

Question 6

Barbara works in a company that pays all the employees a portion of net profits earned at the end of each quarter. Barbara's company offers its employees which type of incentive compensation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gain-sharing 
B)  Merit pay 
C)  Profit-sharing 
D)  Bonus pay 
E)  Entrepreneurial pay 
A)  Gain-sharing 
B)  Merit pay 
C)  Profit-sharing 
D)  Bonus pay 
E)  Entrepreneurial pay

Question 7

Which statement about the equity theory of motivation is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a content theory of motivation. 
B)  It is best known through the work of J. Stacy Adams. 
C)  Its essence is that perceived inequity is a motivating state. 
D)  It holds that people who feel underpaid will reduce their work efforts to compensate for missing rewards. 
E)  It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing. 
A)  It is a content theory of motivation. 
B)  It is best known through the work of J. Stacy Adams. 
C)  Its essence is that perceived inequity is a motivating state. 
D)  It holds that people who feel underpaid will reduce their work efforts to compensate for missing rewards. 
E)  It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing.

Question 8

__________ plans involve employees in ownership through the purchase of shares in the companies that employ them.

Accepted Answer

A)  Profit-sharing 
B)  Bonus 
C)  Employee share ownership 
D)  Merit 
E)  Gain-sharing 
A)  Profit-sharing 
B)  Bonus 
C)  Employee share ownership 
D)  Merit 
E)  Gain-sharing

Question 9

The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when:

Accepted Answer

A)  expectancy or instrumentality or valence equals zero. 
B)  expectancy, instrumentality and valence are all high. 
C)  instrumentality is high and expectancy and valence are low. 
D)  valence is high and expectancy and instrumentality are low. 
E)  expectancy is high and instrumentality and valence are low. 
A)  expectancy or instrumentality or valence equals zero. 
B)  expectancy, instrumentality and valence are all high. 
C)  instrumentality is high and expectancy and valence are low. 
D)  valence is high and expectancy and instrumentality are low. 
E)  expectancy is high and instrumentality and valence are low.

Question 10

A person at the self-actualisation level of Maslow's hierarchy will be satisfied by all of the following outcomes EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  job autonomy. 
B)  friendly co-workers. 
C)  participation in decision making. 
D)  job flexibility. 
E)  creative and challenging work. 
A)  job autonomy. 
B)  friendly co-workers. 
C)  participation in decision making. 
D)  job flexibility. 
E)  creative and challenging work.

Question 11

In Victor Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation, __________ refers to the person's belief that working hard will result in a desired level of task performance.

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumentality 
B)  comparable worth 
C)  the multiplier effect 
D)  valence 
E)  expectancy 
A)  instrumentality 
B)  comparable worth 
C)  the multiplier effect 
D)  valence 
E)  expectancy

Question 12

Guidelines for using positive reinforcement include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain a narrow inventory of rewards. 
B)  recognise individual differences in allocating rewards. 
C)  inform everyone what must be done to get rewards. 
D)  clearly identify desirable work behaviours. 
E)  follow the laws of contingent and immediate reinforcement. 
A)  maintain a narrow inventory of rewards. 
B)  recognise individual differences in allocating rewards. 
C)  inform everyone what must be done to get rewards. 
D)  clearly identify desirable work behaviours. 
E)  follow the laws of contingent and immediate reinforcement.

Question 13

Which of the following statements are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Punishment can and should be combined with positive reinforcement. 
B)  Punishment is used to remove undesirable behaviour. 
C)  Positive reinforcement is used to shape and develop more desirable behaviours. 
D)  All of the options listed 
E)  None of the options listed 
A)  Punishment can and should be combined with positive reinforcement. 
B)  Punishment is used to remove undesirable behaviour. 
C)  Positive reinforcement is used to shape and develop more desirable behaviours. 
D)  All of the options listed 
E)  None of the options listed

Question 14

The system of awarding pay increases in proportion to individual performance contributions is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Scanlon system. 
B)  gain-sharing system. 
C)  skills-based pay system. 
D)  profit-sharing system. 
E)  merit pay system. 
A)  Scanlon system. 
B)  gain-sharing system. 
C)  skills-based pay system. 
D)  profit-sharing system. 
E)  merit pay system.

Question 15

Which of the following are legitimate managerial implications of equity theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pay is a common source of equity controversies in the workplace and its significance should never be underestimated. 
B)  Perceptions of rewards in a social context, not the absolute value of the rewards, determine motivational outcomes. 
C)  Managers should ensure that any negative consequences of the equity comparison are avoided, or at least minimised, when rewards are allocated. 
D)  All of the options listed 
E)  None of the options listed 
A)  Pay is a common source of equity controversies in the workplace and its significance should never be underestimated. 
B)  Perceptions of rewards in a social context, not the absolute value of the rewards, determine motivational outcomes. 
C)  Managers should ensure that any negative consequences of the equity comparison are avoided, or at least minimised, when rewards are allocated. 
D)  All of the options listed 
E)  None of the options listed

Question 16

A manager who has been nagging a worker every day about tardiness and doesn't nag when the worker comes to work on time one day is using:

Accepted Answer

A)  negative reinforcement. 
B)  deficit conditioning. 
C)  punishment. 
D)  expectancy conditioning. 
E)  extinction. 
A)  negative reinforcement. 
B)  deficit conditioning. 
C)  punishment. 
D)  expectancy conditioning. 
E)  extinction.

Question 17

The __________ states that the more immediate the delivery of a reward after the occurrence of a desirable behaviour, the greater the reinforcing value of the reward.

Accepted Answer

A)  law of contingent reinforcement 
B)  principle of expectancy 
C)  law of immediate reinforcement 
D)  law of effect 
E)  principle of selective reinforcement 
A)  law of contingent reinforcement 
B)  principle of expectancy 
C)  law of immediate reinforcement 
D)  law of effect 
E)  principle of selective reinforcement

Question 18

From the motivational perspective of expectancy theory, a manager who uses the staffing process to try to hire people with abilities that fit well with job requirements is making an important step toward maximising __________ for these individuals.

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumentalities 
B)  expectancies 
C)  inequities 
D)  attributions 
E)  valences 
A)  instrumentalities 
B)  expectancies 
C)  inequities 
D)  attributions 
E)  valences

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding an integrative view of motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  An integrative view of motivation recognises that the motivational impact of any rewards received for performance depends on equity and reinforcement considerations. 
B)  An integrative view of motivation can combine the insights from the various content and process theories of motivation. 
C)  An integrative view of motivation recognises that satisfaction with rewards should lead to increased motivation to work hard in the future. 
D)  An integrative view of motivation can be used to create a truly motivational compensation system. 
E)  An integrative view of motivation focuses on work effort but not on individual abilities or organisational support. 
A)  An integrative view of motivation recognises that the motivational impact of any rewards received for performance depends on equity and reinforcement considerations. 
B)  An integrative view of motivation can combine the insights from the various content and process theories of motivation. 
C)  An integrative view of motivation recognises that satisfaction with rewards should lead to increased motivation to work hard in the future. 
D)  An integrative view of motivation can be used to create a truly motivational compensation system. 
E)  An integrative view of motivation focuses on work effort but not on individual abilities or organisational support.

Question 20

One way to succeed with __________ is to give reinforcement on a continuous basis until the desired behaviour is developed, and then use an intermittent schedule to maintain the behaviour at its new level.

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping 
B)  progression 
C)  expectancy development 
D)  classical conditioning 
E)  forming 
A)  shaping 
B)  progression 
C)  expectancy development 
D)  classical conditioning 
E)  forming

Which of the following statements is INACCURATE?

Which of the following descriptions of the need for power is FALSE?

__________ systems are common in self-managing teams where the responsibilities include the training and certification of co-workers in job skills.

__________ refer(s) to forces within the individual that account for the level, direction and persistence of effort expended at work.

All the following statements accurately describe Herzberg's hygiene factors EXCEPT:

Barbara works in a company that pays all the employees a portion of net profits earned at the end of each quarter. Barbara's company offers its employees which type of incentive compensation?

Which statement about the equity theory of motivation is false?

__________ plans involve employees in ownership through the purchase of shares in the companies that employ them.

The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when:

A person at the self-actualisation level of Maslow's hierarchy will be satisfied by all of the following outcomes EXCEPT:

In Victor Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation, __________ refers to the person's belief that working hard will result in a desired level of task performance.

Guidelines for using positive reinforcement include all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following statements are TRUE?

The system of awarding pay increases in proportion to individual performance contributions is a:

Which of the following are legitimate managerial implications of equity theory?

A manager who has been nagging a worker every day about tardiness and doesn't nag when the worker comes to work on time one day is using:

The __________ states that the more immediate the delivery of a reward after the occurrence of a desirable behaviour, the greater the reinforcing value of the reward.

From the motivational perspective of expectancy theory, a manager who uses the staffing process to try to hire people with abilities that fit well with job requirements is making an important step toward maximising __________ for these individuals.

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding an integrative view of motivation?

One way to succeed with __________ is to give reinforcement on a continuous basis until the desired behaviour is developed, and then use an intermittent schedule to maintain the behaviour at its new level.

The Contemporary Workplace

Historical Foundations of Management

Environment and Diversity

International Dimensions of Management

Ethical Behaviour and Social Responsibility

Sustainability

Information and Decision Making

Planning

Strategic Management

Organising

Controlling

Human Resource Management

Leading

Communication and Interpersonal Skills

Individuals, Job Design and Stress

Teams and Teamwork

Leading and Managing Change

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures

Operations and Services Management

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Exam 15: Motivation and Rewards

Which of the following statements is INACCURATE?

Which of the following descriptions of the need for power is FALSE?

__________ systems are common in self-managing teams where the responsibilities include the training and certification of co-workers in job skills.

__________ refer(s) to forces within the individual that account for the level, direction and persistence of effort expended at work.

All the following statements accurately describe Herzberg's hygiene factors EXCEPT:

Barbara works in a company that pays all the employees a portion of net profits earned at the end of each quarter. Barbara's company offers its employees which type of incentive compensation?

Which statement about the equity theory of motivation is false?

__________ plans involve employees in ownership through the purchase of shares in the companies that employ them.

The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when:

A person at the self-actualisation level of Maslow's hierarchy will be satisfied by all of the following outcomes EXCEPT:

In Victor Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation, __________ refers to the person's belief that working hard will result in a desired level of task performance.

Guidelines for using positive reinforcement include all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following statements are TRUE?

The system of awarding pay increases in proportion to individual performance contributions is a:

Which of the following are legitimate managerial implications of equity theory?

A manager who has been nagging a worker every day about tardiness and doesn't nag when the worker comes to work on time one day is using:

The __________ states that the more immediate the delivery of a reward after the occurrence of a desirable behaviour, the greater the reinforcing value of the reward.

From the motivational perspective of expectancy theory, a manager who uses the staffing process to try to hire people with abilities that fit well with job requirements is making an important step toward maximising __________ for these individuals.

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding an integrative view of motivation?

One way to succeed with __________ is to give reinforcement on a continuous basis until the desired behaviour is developed, and then use an intermittent schedule to maintain the behaviour at its new level.

The Contemporary Workplace

Historical Foundations of Management

Environment and Diversity

International Dimensions of Management

Ethical Behaviour and Social Responsibility

Sustainability

Information and Decision Making

Planning

Strategic Management

Organising

Controlling

Human Resource Management

Leading

Communication and Interpersonal Skills

Individuals, Job Design and Stress

Teams and Teamwork

Leading and Managing Change

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures

Operations and Services Management

Filters