Question 1

Measurement is a part of the scientific process that involves moving from _______________ to _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) the concrete...the theoretical 
B) the theoretical...the concrete 
C) concepts...hypotheses 
D) theories...hypotheses 
A) the concrete...the theoretical 
B) the theoretical...the concrete 
C) concepts...hypotheses 
D) theories...hypotheses

Question 2

Which of the following methods of testing reliability gives the clearest indication of reliability

Accepted Answer

A) internal consistency approaches 
B) the test retest method 
C) the multiple testing effects method 
D) the multiple forms approach 
A) internal consistency approaches 
B) the test retest method 
C) the multiple testing effects method 
D) the multiple forms approach

Question 3

A single indicator of a variable is called:

Accepted Answer

A) an item. 
B) a scale. 
C) an index. 
D) a measurement. 
A) an item. 
B) a scale. 
C) an index. 
D) a measurement.

Question 4

In the area of measurement, researchers confront two major issues: validity and reliability. Differentiate between validity and reliability.

Accepted Answer

In the field of research, measurement is

Question 5

Which of the following levels of measurement will permit us to make statements about proportions and ratios

Accepted Answer

A) ordinal 
B) interval 
C) ratio 
D) both interval and ratio 
A) ordinal 
B) interval 
C) ratio 
D) both interval and ratio

Question 6

The concept of socioeconomic status possesses all of the following characteristics related to its level of measurement EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) mutually exclusive categories. 
B) equal spacing between categories. 
C) a fixed order to the categories. 
D) all of the other answers are characteristics of socioeconomic status. 
A) mutually exclusive categories. 
B) equal spacing between categories. 
C) a fixed order to the categories. 
D) all of the other answers are characteristics of socioeconomic status.

Question 7

Which of the following levels of measurement possess mutually exclusive categories, a fixed order to the categories, and equal spacing between the units of measurement

Accepted Answer

A) interval 
B) ordinal 
C) ratio 
D) interval and ratio 
A) interval 
B) ordinal 
C) ratio 
D) interval and ratio

Question 8

A researcher is studying the effectiveness of an intensive treatment program for young drug users. One dependent variable used in the study is the self reported, estimated dollar value of goods stolen during the year following treatment. For the ten participants and ten controls, the data are as follows:
   Indicate whether these data are discrete or continuous, and specify the highest level of measurement appropriate for these data. In analyzing these data, which level do you think would be best Defend your choice.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher is studying the effectiveness of...

Question 9

The text refers to "measurement" as the process of:

Accepted Answer

A) validating indicators. 
B) creating error. 
C) operationalizing concepts. 
D) creating indexes. 
A) validating indicators. 
B) creating error. 
C) operationalizing concepts. 
D) creating indexes.

Question 10

Which of the following would be the best demonstration of the validity of a scale for the measurement of suicide potential

Accepted Answer

A) Ask mental health experts to assess whether it measures suicide potential accurately. 
B) Correlate the scale results with the actual occurrence of suicides. 
C) Ask people who have attempted suicide whether it measures suicide potential accurately. 
D) Administer the scale to those who have attempted suicide to see if they score appropriately on it. 
A) Ask mental health experts to assess whether it measures suicide potential accurately. 
B) Correlate the scale results with the actual occurrence of suicides. 
C) Ask people who have attempted suicide whether it measures suicide potential accurately. 
D) Administer the scale to those who have attempted suicide to see if they score appropriately on it.

Question 11

The "known groups" approach to validity is a variation on:

Accepted Answer

A) concurrent validity. 
B) predictive validity. 
C) construct validity. 
D) discriminant validity. 
A) concurrent validity. 
B) predictive validity. 
C) construct validity. 
D) discriminant validity.

Question 12

Describe two methods of assessing the validity of measurement devices and elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Accepted Answer

Two methods of assessing the validity of

Question 13

The reliability test that is subject to the multiple-testing effect is:

Accepted Answer

A) the split half approach. 
B) the Spearman Brown approach. 
C) the test retest approach. 
D) Cronbach's alpha approach. 
A) the split half approach. 
B) the Spearman Brown approach. 
C) the test retest approach. 
D) Cronbach's alpha approach.

Question 14

The two principles that serve as a basis for the techniques for estimating the reliability of a measure are:

Accepted Answer

A) induction and deduction. 
B) stability and equivalence. 
C) stability and known groups. 
D) equivalence and jury opinion. 
A) induction and deduction. 
B) stability and equivalence. 
C) stability and known groups. 
D) equivalence and jury opinion.

Question 15

A research study measures height by having observers judge people's heights and classify them into one of three categories: tall height, medium height, and short height. The resulting measure would most clearly be at which level of measurement

Accepted Answer

A) nominal 
B) ordinal 
C) interval 
D) continuous 
A) nominal 
B) ordinal 
C) interval 
D) continuous

Question 16

An "indicator" in both research and practice is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) an observation that is assumed to be evidence of the attributes or properties of something. 
B) the process of describing abstract concepts by assigning numbers or other symbols to them in accordance with rules. 
C) a reconceptualization of a theoretical definition on the basis of difficulties encountered in operationalizing it. 
D) a variable that has been operationalized by combining a number of items into a composite score. 
A) an observation that is assumed to be evidence of the attributes or properties of something. 
B) the process of describing abstract concepts by assigning numbers or other symbols to them in accordance with rules. 
C) a reconceptualization of a theoretical definition on the basis of difficulties encountered in operationalizing it. 
D) a variable that has been operationalized by combining a number of items into a composite score.

Question 17

Nominal measures classify observations in which of the following ways

Accepted Answer

A) into mutually exclusive and exhaustive categories 
B) into ordered categories 
C) into categories with equal spacing between the intervals 
D) into categories having a meaningful zero point 
A) into mutually exclusive and exhaustive categories 
B) into ordered categories 
C) into categories with equal spacing between the intervals 
D) into categories having a meaningful zero point

Question 18

Compare and contrast the positivist and nonpositivist approaches to measurement. Be sure to include a discussion of the nonpositivist's critique of positivist measurement theory.

Accepted Answer

The positivist and nonpositivist approac

Question 19

One inherent weakness of concurrent validity is that:

Accepted Answer

A) it depends on the subjective opinions of judges. 
B) it has low levels of reliability. 
C) it assumes that the existing measures used for comparison purposes are valid. 
D) it depends on the accuracy of prior tests for face validity. 
A) it depends on the subjective opinions of judges. 
B) it has low levels of reliability. 
C) it assumes that the existing measures used for comparison purposes are valid. 
D) it depends on the accuracy of prior tests for face validity.

Question 20

Describe in detail the procedures involved in applying the split half approach to reliability.

Accepted Answer

The split half approach to reliability i

Measurement is a part of the scientific process that involves moving from _ to _.

Which of the following methods of testing reliability gives the clearest indication of reliability

A single indicator of a variable is called:

In the area of measurement, researchers confront two major issues: validity and reliability. Differentiate between validity and reliability.

Which of the following levels of measurement will permit us to make statements about proportions and ratios

The concept of socioeconomic status possesses all of the following characteristics related to its level of measurement EXCEPT:

Which of the following levels of measurement possess mutually exclusive categories, a fixed order to the categories, and equal spacing between the units of measurement

The text refers to "measurement" as the process of:

Which of the following would be the best demonstration of the validity of a scale for the measurement of suicide potential

The "known groups" approach to validity is a variation on:

Describe two methods of assessing the validity of measurement devices and elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages of each.

The reliability test that is subject to the multiple-testing effect is:

The two principles that serve as a basis for the techniques for estimating the reliability of a measure are:

A research study measures height by having observers judge people's heights and classify them into one of three categories: tall height, medium height, and short height. The resulting measure would most clearly be at which level of measurement

An "indicator" in both research and practice is best defined as:

Nominal measures classify observations in which of the following ways

Compare and contrast the positivist and nonpositivist approaches to measurement. Be sure to include a discussion of the nonpositivist's critique of positivist measurement theory.

One inherent weakness of concurrent validity is that:

Describe in detail the procedures involved in applying the split half approach to reliability.

Research in the Human Services

The Logic of Social Research

Ethical Issues in Social Research

Issues in Problem Formulation

Sampling

Survey Research

Analysis of Available Data

Field Research and Qualitative Methods

Experimental Research

Single-System Designs

Evaluation Research

Scaling

Data Analysis I-- Data Preparation and Presentation

Data Analysis II-- Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Analysis of Qualitative Data

Writing for Research-- Grant Proposals and Report Writing

Filters

Exam 5: The Process of Measurement

Measurement is a part of the scientific process that involves moving from _______________ to _______________.

Which of the following methods of testing reliability gives the clearest indication of reliability

A single indicator of a variable is called:

In the area of measurement, researchers confront two major issues: validity and reliability. Differentiate between validity and reliability.

Which of the following levels of measurement will permit us to make statements about proportions and ratios

The concept of socioeconomic status possesses all of the following characteristics related to its level of measurement EXCEPT:

Which of the following levels of measurement possess mutually exclusive categories, a fixed order to the categories, and equal spacing between the units of measurement

The text refers to "measurement" as the process of:

Which of the following would be the best demonstration of the validity of a scale for the measurement of suicide potential

The "known groups" approach to validity is a variation on:

Describe two methods of assessing the validity of measurement devices and elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages of each.

The reliability test that is subject to the multiple-testing effect is:

The two principles that serve as a basis for the techniques for estimating the reliability of a measure are:

A research study measures height by having observers judge people's heights and classify them into one of three categories: tall height, medium height, and short height. The resulting measure would most clearly be at which level of measurement

An "indicator" in both research and practice is best defined as:

Nominal measures classify observations in which of the following ways

Compare and contrast the positivist and nonpositivist approaches to measurement. Be sure to include a discussion of the nonpositivist's critique of positivist measurement theory.

One inherent weakness of concurrent validity is that:

Describe in detail the procedures involved in applying the split half approach to reliability.

Research in the Human Services

The Logic of Social Research

Ethical Issues in Social Research

Issues in Problem Formulation

Sampling

Survey Research

Analysis of Available Data

Field Research and Qualitative Methods

Experimental Research

Single-System Designs

Evaluation Research

Scaling

Data Analysis I-- Data Preparation and Presentation

Data Analysis II-- Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Analysis of Qualitative Data

Writing for Research-- Grant Proposals and Report Writing

Filters

Measurement is a part of the scientific process that involves moving from _ to _.