Question 1

The sequencing and analysis of an organism's genetic information is called

Accepted Answer

A)  protein synthesis. 
B)  gene therapy. 
C)  genomics. 
D)  northern blotting. 
E)  PCR. 
A)  protein synthesis. 
B)  gene therapy. 
C)  genomics. 
D)  northern blotting. 
E)  PCR.

Question 2

The technique called (northern/Southern/western) blotting is useful for using probes to identify specific DNA fragments that have been separated by electrophoresis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The technique called (northern/Southern/western) blotting is useful...

Question 3

The use of microbes to make practical products such as vaccines or hormones is called (genomics/recombination/biotechnology).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The use of microbes to make practical...

Question 4

In the 20th century, scientists harnessed the natural metabolic reactions of bacteria to make ________ for the first time in an industrial setting.

Accepted Answer

A)  soy sauce 
B)  acetone 
C)  wine 
D)  cheese 
E)  alcohol 
A)  soy sauce 
B)  acetone 
C)  wine 
D)  cheese 
E)  alcohol

Question 5

If a researcher used Escherichia coli DNA polymerase instead of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase in the PCR procedure, what would be the result?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication would occur more slowly than normal. 
B)  DNA replication would not occur at all. 
C)  Many mistakes would occur. 
D)  DNA replication would occur twice as fast as normal. 
E)  DNA replication would stop after one cycle. 
A)  DNA replication would occur more slowly than normal. 
B)  DNA replication would not occur at all. 
C)  Many mistakes would occur. 
D)  DNA replication would occur twice as fast as normal. 
E)  DNA replication would stop after one cycle.

Question 6

Which of the following microbes has been genetically engineered to contain a protein that helps protect crops from freezing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deinococcus radiodurans 
B)  Bacillus thuringiensis 
C)  Pseudomonas 
D)  Salmonella 
E)  Escherichia coli 
A)  Deinococcus radiodurans 
B)  Bacillus thuringiensis 
C)  Pseudomonas 
D)  Salmonella 
E)  Escherichia coli

Question 7

The insertion of foreign DNA directly into a cell's nucleus using a glass micropipet is called (electrophoresis/electroporation/microinjection).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The insertion of foreign DNA directly into...

Question 8

Explain what a transgenic organism is, and give two examples.

Accepted Answer

A transgenic organism is one that contai

Question 9

Mutagens are useful in biotechnology research for

Accepted Answer

A)  producing organisms with altered phenotypes. 
B)  producing new organisms which have beneficial traits from two or more organisms. 
C)  selecting genetic mutants resistant to radioactivity. 
D)  removing undesirable traits from microbes. 
E)  producing DNA fragments for cloning. 
A)  producing organisms with altered phenotypes. 
B)  producing new organisms which have beneficial traits from two or more organisms. 
C)  selecting genetic mutants resistant to radioactivity. 
D)  removing undesirable traits from microbes. 
E)  producing DNA fragments for cloning.

Question 10

Some of the strongest opposition to the application of recombinant DNA technology concerns

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA fingerprinting. 
B)  modification of food crops. 
C)  correcting gene defects in animals. 
D)  sequencing of the human genome. 
E)  pest control measures. 
A)  DNA fingerprinting. 
B)  modification of food crops. 
C)  correcting gene defects in animals. 
D)  sequencing of the human genome. 
E)  pest control measures.

Question 11

DNA encoding a normal gene is inserted into cells from a patient with a defective form of the gene. Recombinant cells are identified and isolated, and returned to the patient's body. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  gene therapy. 
B)  genomics. 
C)  genetic mapping. 
D)  genotyping. 
E)  biotechnology. 
A)  gene therapy. 
B)  genomics. 
C)  genetic mapping. 
D)  genotyping. 
E)  biotechnology.

Question 12

Under ideal conditions, the number of DNA molecules produced during PCR increases exponentially.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A technique using fluorescent-tagged probes to detect specific DNA sequences in their natural locations is known as (FISH/PCR/BLOTTING).

Accepted Answer

The answer of A technique using fluorescent-tagged probes to detect...

Question 14

The process of locating genes within the nucleic acid of an organism is called (genetic/library/clone) mapping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of locating genes within the...

Question 15

________ are used for cutting DNA molecules into fragments.

Accepted Answer

A)  Antisense RNAs 
B)  Mutagens 
C)  DNA polymerase and DNA ligase 
D)  Restriction enzymes 
E)  RNA polymerases 
A)  Antisense RNAs 
B)  Mutagens 
C)  DNA polymerase and DNA ligase 
D)  Restriction enzymes 
E)  RNA polymerases

Question 16

Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA and alter its expression are known as (antisense/probes/restriction) RNAs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA...

Question 17

Probes used for detecting genetic sequences are frequently composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  agarose. 
B)  synthetic nucleic acids and labeled conjugates, such as fluorescent dyes. 
C)  restriction enzymes. 
D)  silicon chips. 
E)  nitrocellulose. 
A)  agarose. 
B)  synthetic nucleic acids and labeled conjugates, such as fluorescent dyes. 
C)  restriction enzymes. 
D)  silicon chips. 
E)  nitrocellulose.

Question 18

A researcher inserted DNA fragments from an organism into expression vector plasmids and introduced the modified plasmids into bacterial cells. Which of the following methods would be an effective means of identifying which clones contain a specific gene of interest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sequence the DNA of the plasmids from each isolate. 
B)  Prepare and analyze restriction fragments of the plasmids. 
C)  Isolate clones that still have the vector's genetic marker. 
D)  Assay for activity of the gene product. 
E)  Use reverse transcriptase to prepare cDNA copies. 
A)  Sequence the DNA of the plasmids from each isolate. 
B)  Prepare and analyze restriction fragments of the plasmids. 
C)  Isolate clones that still have the vector's genetic marker. 
D)  Assay for activity of the gene product. 
E)  Use reverse transcriptase to prepare cDNA copies.

Question 19

Beta-carotene, the biochemical precursor to vitamin A, can be added to rice by using (biotechnology/cloning/recombinant) DNA technology, thereby increasing its nutritional value.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Beta-carotene, the biochemical precursor to vitamin A,...

Question 20

The use of microorganisms to produce useful products is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  biotechnology. 
B)  gene modification. 
C)  genomics. 
D)  recombinant DNA technology. 
E)  cloning. 
A)  biotechnology. 
B)  gene modification. 
C)  genomics. 
D)  recombinant DNA technology. 
E)  cloning.

Exam 8: Recombinant DNA Technology

The sequencing and analysis of an organism's genetic information is called

The technique called (northern/Southern/western) blotting is useful for using probes to identify specific DNA fragments that have been separated by electrophoresis.

The use of microbes to make practical products such as vaccines or hormones is called (genomics/recombination/biotechnology).

In the 20th century, scientists harnessed the natural metabolic reactions of bacteria to make ________ for the first time in an industrial setting.

If a researcher used Escherichia coli DNA polymerase instead of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase in the PCR procedure, what would be the result?

Which of the following microbes has been genetically engineered to contain a protein that helps protect crops from freezing?

The insertion of foreign DNA directly into a cell's nucleus using a glass micropipet is called (electrophoresis/electroporation/microinjection).

Explain what a transgenic organism is, and give two examples.

Mutagens are useful in biotechnology research for

Some of the strongest opposition to the application of recombinant DNA technology concerns

DNA encoding a normal gene is inserted into cells from a patient with a defective form of the gene. Recombinant cells are identified and isolated, and returned to the patient's body. This is an example of

Under ideal conditions, the number of DNA molecules produced during PCR increases exponentially.

A technique using fluorescent-tagged probes to detect specific DNA sequences in their natural locations is known as (FISH/PCR/BLOTTING).

The process of locating genes within the nucleic acid of an organism is called (genetic/library/clone) mapping.

________ are used for cutting DNA molecules into fragments.

Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA and alter its expression are known as (antisense/probes/restriction) RNAs.

Probes used for detecting genetic sequences are frequently composed of

A researcher inserted DNA fragments from an organism into expression vector plasmids and introduced the modified plasmids into bacterial cells. Which of the following methods would be an effective means of identifying which clones contain a specific gene of interest?

Beta-carotene, the biochemical precursor to vitamin A, can be added to rice by using (biotechnology/cloning/recombinant) DNA technology, thereby increasing its nutritional value.

The use of microorganisms to produce useful products is known as

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes

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