Question 1

When a behavior is punished, it increases in frequency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

A researcher wants to conduct an animal learning experiment using 40 participants in a between-subjects design. The researcher decides to randomly assign the participants to the four different conditions so that

Accepted Answer

A)  participants from the same litter will not be tested together. 
B)  the data will be easier to analyze than if participants were assigned on any other basis. 
C)  the results will be more generalizable. 
D)  the groups will be equivalent prior to the manipulation of the independent variable. 
A)  participants from the same litter will not be tested together. 
B)  the data will be easier to analyze than if participants were assigned on any other basis. 
C)  the results will be more generalizable. 
D)  the groups will be equivalent prior to the manipulation of the independent variable. D

Question 3

A psychologist would call the food that was poured into Fido's food dish the

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  conditioned stimulus. 
C)  positive reinforcer. 
D)  primary reinforcer. 
A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  conditioned stimulus. 
C)  positive reinforcer. 
D)  primary reinforcer. A

Question 4

Describe how principles of conditioning can explain the development of behavioral problems in children and how these same principles can be applied to the treatment of the problems.

Accepted Answer

The principles of conditioning, specific

Question 5

Applying a shock after an animal has produced an undesirable behavior is an example of negative reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The active retrieval that helps learning is called the testing effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

After Fido started to salivate when he heard the electric can opener, the sound of the can opener would be classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  conditioned stimulus. 
C)  neutral stimulus. 
D)  discriminative stimulus. 
A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  conditioned stimulus. 
C)  neutral stimulus. 
D)  discriminative stimulus.

Question 8

Fatigue and practice effects are more serious for between-subjects designs than for within-subjects designs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The AB design is a powerful alternative to the ABA design.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  whenever an undesired behavior occurs, an unpleasant stimulus is administered 
B)  whenever a desired behavior occurs, a pleasant stimulus is administered 
C)  whenever a desired behavior occurs, an unpleasant stimulus is removed 
D)  whenever an undesired behavior occurs, a pleasant stimulus in removed 
A)  whenever an undesired behavior occurs, an unpleasant stimulus is administered 
B)  whenever a desired behavior occurs, a pleasant stimulus is administered 
C)  whenever a desired behavior occurs, an unpleasant stimulus is removed 
D)  whenever an undesired behavior occurs, a pleasant stimulus in removed

Question 11

In simultaneous contrast, some participants receive two different magnitudes of reward.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Roedige and Karpicke (2006) designed an experiment to examine the testing effect. Explain two or three possible problems with the way in which they reached their results.

Accepted Answer

There are a few potential problems with

Question 13

Applying a shock after an animal has produced an undesirable behavior is an example of punishment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Counterbalancing can help to reduce practice effects and fatigue effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

How does the intensity of the conditioned stimulus affect acquisition of a conditioned response? Describe experimental findings that support your answer.

Accepted Answer

The intensity of the conditioned stimulu

Question 16

A researcher wants to know whether she can encourage adults to participate in a beneficial amount of aerobic exercise using operant conditioning. She establishes a minimum and a maximum amount of exercise for each participant for each week and the participants are rewarded for each week in which their exercise falls within the desired range. The minimum and maximum amounts are increased gradually over time until the participants are engaged in the desired amount of exercise. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  an ABA design. 
C)  a range-bound changing criterion design. 
D)  a multiple-baseline design. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  an ABA design. 
C)  a range-bound changing criterion design. 
D)  a multiple-baseline design.

Question 17

In the multiple-baseline design, different behaviors or different people receive baseline periods of varying length

Accepted Answer

A)  after the independent variable. 
B)  before the independent variable. 
C)  concurrently with the independent variable. 
D)  in a random fashion. 
A)  after the independent variable. 
B)  before the independent variable. 
C)  concurrently with the independent variable. 
D)  in a random fashion.

Question 18

A matched?groups design differs from a between-subjects design in that in the matched-group design,

Accepted Answer

A)  participants are assigned randomly to conditions of the experiment. 
B)  participants are matched across groups on their scores on the dependent variable. 
C)  participants in each condition of the experiment are matched on one or more characteristics to reduce the variability between groups. 
D)  participants are tested in more than one condition of the experiment. 
A)  participants are assigned randomly to conditions of the experiment. 
B)  participants are matched across groups on their scores on the dependent variable. 
C)  participants in each condition of the experiment are matched on one or more characteristics to reduce the variability between groups. 
D)  participants are tested in more than one condition of the experiment.

Question 19

In respondent conditioning, the experimenter waits until the animal makes the desired response and then rewards it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Practice effects and fatigue effects can offset one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

When a behavior is punished, it increases in frequency.

A researcher wants to conduct an animal learning experiment using 40 participants in a between-subjects design. The researcher decides to randomly assign the participants to the four different conditions so that

A psychologist would call the food that was poured into Fido's food dish the

Describe how principles of conditioning can explain the development of behavioral problems in children and how these same principles can be applied to the treatment of the problems.

Applying a shock after an animal has produced an undesirable behavior is an example of negative reinforcement.

The active retrieval that helps learning is called the testing effect.

After Fido started to salivate when he heard the electric can opener, the sound of the can opener would be classified as a(n)

Fatigue and practice effects are more serious for between-subjects designs than for within-subjects designs.

The AB design is a powerful alternative to the ABA design.

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

In simultaneous contrast, some participants receive two different magnitudes of reward.

Roedige and Karpicke (2006) designed an experiment to examine the testing effect. Explain two or three possible problems with the way in which they reached their results.

Applying a shock after an animal has produced an undesirable behavior is an example of punishment.

Counterbalancing can help to reduce practice effects and fatigue effects.

How does the intensity of the conditioned stimulus affect acquisition of a conditioned response? Describe experimental findings that support your answer.

In the multiple-baseline design, different behaviors or different people receive baseline periods of varying length

A matched?groups design differs from a between-subjects design in that in the matched-group design,

In respondent conditioning, the experimenter waits until the animal makes the desired response and then rewards it.

Practice effects and fatigue effects can offset one another.

Explanation in Scientific Psychology

Research Techniques: Observation and Correlation

Research Techniques: Experiments

Ethics in Psychological Research

How to Read and Write Research Reports

Psychophysics

Perception

Attention and Reaction Time

Remembering and Forgetting

Thinking and Problem Solving

Individual Differences and Development

Social Psychology

Environmental Psychology

Human Factors

Experimental Psychology: A Historical Sketch

Statistical Reasoning: An Introduction

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Exam 9: Learning and Conditioning

When a behavior is punished, it increases in frequency.

A researcher wants to conduct an animal learning experiment using 40 participants in a between-subjects design. The researcher decides to randomly assign the participants to the four different conditions so that

A psychologist would call the food that was poured into Fido's food dish the

Describe how principles of conditioning can explain the development of behavioral problems in children and how these same principles can be applied to the treatment of the problems.

Applying a shock after an animal has produced an undesirable behavior is an example of negative reinforcement.

The active retrieval that helps learning is called the testing effect.

After Fido started to salivate when he heard the electric can opener, the sound of the can opener would be classified as a(n)

Fatigue and practice effects are more serious for between-subjects designs than for within-subjects designs.

The AB design is a powerful alternative to the ABA design.

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

In simultaneous contrast, some participants receive two different magnitudes of reward.

Roedige and Karpicke (2006) designed an experiment to examine the testing effect. Explain two or three possible problems with the way in which they reached their results.

Applying a shock after an animal has produced an undesirable behavior is an example of punishment.

Counterbalancing can help to reduce practice effects and fatigue effects.

How does the intensity of the conditioned stimulus affect acquisition of a conditioned response? Describe experimental findings that support your answer.

In the multiple-baseline design, different behaviors or different people receive baseline periods of varying length

A matched?groups design differs from a between-subjects design in that in the matched-group design,

In respondent conditioning, the experimenter waits until the animal makes the desired response and then rewards it.

Practice effects and fatigue effects can offset one another.

Explanation in Scientific Psychology

Research Techniques: Observation and Correlation

Research Techniques: Experiments

Ethics in Psychological Research

How to Read and Write Research Reports

Psychophysics

Perception

Attention and Reaction Time

Remembering and Forgetting

Thinking and Problem Solving

Individual Differences and Development

Social Psychology

Environmental Psychology

Human Factors

Experimental Psychology: A Historical Sketch

Statistical Reasoning: An Introduction

Filters