Question 1

The split-litter technique is used to alter the genetic makeup of laboratory animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Why is Skinner's use of the terms operant conditioning and respondent conditioning appropriate? Explain the difference between these two conditioning procedures.

Accepted Answer

Skinner's use of the terms operant condi

Question 3

Grice and Hunter (1964) completed an experiment designed to resolve the issue of whether the intensity of the conditioned stimulus affects acquisition of the conditioned response. Briefly describe the rationale, design, procedure, results, and conclusions of their experiment.

Accepted Answer

Grice and Hunter (1964) conducted an exp

Question 4

Which of the following is a good reason to choose a between-subjects design for an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the researcher is able to recruit only a few participants for the experiment 
B)  the researcher knows that there may be a practice effect as a result of repeated testing of the participants on the dependent variable 
C)  the researcher expects the independent variable to have only a small effect on the dependent variable 
D)  it is easier to do a between-subjects experiment 
A)  the researcher is able to recruit only a few participants for the experiment 
B)  the researcher knows that there may be a practice effect as a result of repeated testing of the participants on the dependent variable 
C)  the researcher expects the independent variable to have only a small effect on the dependent variable 
D)  it is easier to do a between-subjects experiment

Question 5

A balanced Latin square design ensures that each testing condition is followed and preceded equally often by every other condition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In Pavlovian conditioning, a light or tune is a/n _________ when first introduced.

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned stimulus 
B)  unconditioned stimulus 
C)  neutral stimulus 
D)  conditioned response 
A)  conditioned stimulus 
B)  unconditioned stimulus 
C)  neutral stimulus 
D)  conditioned response

Question 7

In the ABA design, the B is the

Accepted Answer

A)  discriminative stimulus. 
B)  matched group. 
C)  baseline. 
D)  condition after therapy. 
A)  discriminative stimulus. 
B)  matched group. 
C)  baseline. 
D)  condition after therapy.

Question 8

Many reinforcements that humans receive come in the form of knowledge of results rather than arbitrary biological reward. Discuss this statement using specific examples.

Accepted Answer

This statement suggests that humans ofte

Question 9

When Fido was being fed the dry dog food, the sound of the electric can opener was a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned stimulus. 
B)  unconditioned stimulus. 
C)  discriminative stimulus. 
D)  neutral stimulus. 
A)  conditioned stimulus. 
B)  unconditioned stimulus. 
C)  discriminative stimulus. 
D)  neutral stimulus.

Question 10

An alternating-treatments is designed is used

Accepted Answer

A)  when several samples of the subjects' behavior in different conditions of the experiment are desired in a small-n design that precludes counterbalancing. 
B)  when there is no danger of a carryover effect. 
C)  when the experimenter has matched the experimental and control groups. 
D)  when there is no baseline measure of the dependent variable. 
A)  when several samples of the subjects' behavior in different conditions of the experiment are desired in a small-n design that precludes counterbalancing. 
B)  when there is no danger of a carryover effect. 
C)  when the experimenter has matched the experimental and control groups. 
D)  when there is no baseline measure of the dependent variable.

Question 11

The primary danger in within-subjects designs is in the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  the effects that testing subjects in one condition might have on their later behavior. 
B)  the failure to establish a baseline of behavior. 
C)  the minimization of the amount of variability caused by differences among subjects. 
D)  The employment of few subjects, which leads to skewed results. 
A)  the effects that testing subjects in one condition might have on their later behavior. 
B)  the failure to establish a baseline of behavior. 
C)  the minimization of the amount of variability caused by differences among subjects. 
D)  The employment of few subjects, which leads to skewed results.

Question 12

Describe how operant conditioning and classical conditioning could be useful in increasing worker productivity.

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning and classical condi

Question 13

For classical conditioning to occur, it is important for the CS _______ the US.

Accepted Answer

A)  to coincide with 
B)  to predict 
C)  to be similar to 
D)  to be presented after 
A)  to coincide with 
B)  to predict 
C)  to be similar to 
D)  to be presented after

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT used as a measure of learning in an animal conditioning procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  rate of responding 
B)  amplitude of a response 
C)  response latency 
D)  baseline responding 
A)  rate of responding 
B)  amplitude of a response 
C)  response latency 
D)  baseline responding

Question 15

The primary reason why within-subjects designs are preferred over between-subjects designs is that

Accepted Answer

A)  fewer participants are required. 
B)  there are no treatment order effects. 
C)  error variability is reduced. 
D)  the participants are less likely to figure out the purpose of the experiment. 
A)  fewer participants are required. 
B)  there are no treatment order effects. 
C)  error variability is reduced. 
D)  the participants are less likely to figure out the purpose of the experiment.

Question 16

In animal research, the split-litter technique is used for random-groups designs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What are the primary advantages and disadvantages of within-subjects and between-subjects designs? What techniques are used to try to help solve some of the problems associated with within-subjects designs?

Accepted Answer

The primary advantage of within-subjects

Question 18

Negative reinforcement will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the probability that a desired behavior will occur. 
B)  decrease the probability that a desired behavior will occur. 
C)  increase the probability that an undesired behavior will occur. 
D)  have no effect on the probability that a desired behavior will occur. 
A)  increase the probability that a desired behavior will occur. 
B)  decrease the probability that a desired behavior will occur. 
C)  increase the probability that an undesired behavior will occur. 
D)  have no effect on the probability that a desired behavior will occur.

Question 19

The appropriate control for pseudoconditioning is to employ a conditioning group and a control group. The animals in the control group are exposed to the same number of CS and US presentations as the animals in the experimental group, but in the control group

Accepted Answer

A)  the CS never precedes the US. 
B)  the CS is different than the CS in the conditioning group. 
C)  the CS and US presentations are unpaired and presented randomly. 
D)  the US is different than the US in the conditioning group. 
A)  the CS never precedes the US. 
B)  the CS is different than the CS in the conditioning group. 
C)  the CS and US presentations are unpaired and presented randomly. 
D)  the US is different than the US in the conditioning group.

Question 20

Fido's salivation when he heard the electric can opener is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned response. 
B)  conditioned response. 
C)  Pavlovian response. 
D)  latent anticipatory response. 
A)  unconditioned response. 
B)  conditioned response. 
C)  Pavlovian response. 
D)  latent anticipatory response.

The split-litter technique is used to alter the genetic makeup of laboratory animals.

Why is Skinner's use of the terms operant conditioning and respondent conditioning appropriate? Explain the difference between these two conditioning procedures.

Grice and Hunter (1964) completed an experiment designed to resolve the issue of whether the intensity of the conditioned stimulus affects acquisition of the conditioned response. Briefly describe the rationale, design, procedure, results, and conclusions of their experiment.

Which of the following is a good reason to choose a between-subjects design for an experiment?

A balanced Latin square design ensures that each testing condition is followed and preceded equally often by every other condition.

In Pavlovian conditioning, a light or tune is a/n _________ when first introduced.

In the ABA design, the B is the

Many reinforcements that humans receive come in the form of knowledge of results rather than arbitrary biological reward. Discuss this statement using specific examples.

When Fido was being fed the dry dog food, the sound of the electric can opener was a(n)

An alternating-treatments is designed is used

The primary danger in within-subjects designs is in the presence of

Describe how operant conditioning and classical conditioning could be useful in increasing worker productivity.

For classical conditioning to occur, it is important for the CS _______ the US.

Which of the following is NOT used as a measure of learning in an animal conditioning procedure?

The primary reason why within-subjects designs are preferred over between-subjects designs is that

In animal research, the split-litter technique is used for random-groups designs.

What are the primary advantages and disadvantages of within-subjects and between-subjects designs? What techniques are used to try to help solve some of the problems associated with within-subjects designs?

Negative reinforcement will

The appropriate control for pseudoconditioning is to employ a conditioning group and a control group. The animals in the control group are exposed to the same number of CS and US presentations as the animals in the experimental group, but in the control group

Fido's salivation when he heard the electric can opener is called a(n)

Explanation in Scientific Psychology

Research Techniques: Observation and Correlation

Research Techniques: Experiments

Ethics in Psychological Research

How to Read and Write Research Reports

Psychophysics

Perception

Attention and Reaction Time

Remembering and Forgetting

Thinking and Problem Solving

Individual Differences and Development

Social Psychology

Environmental Psychology

Human Factors

Experimental Psychology: A Historical Sketch

Statistical Reasoning: An Introduction

Filters

Exam 9: Learning and Conditioning

The split-litter technique is used to alter the genetic makeup of laboratory animals.

Why is Skinner's use of the terms operant conditioning and respondent conditioning appropriate? Explain the difference between these two conditioning procedures.

Grice and Hunter (1964) completed an experiment designed to resolve the issue of whether the intensity of the conditioned stimulus affects acquisition of the conditioned response. Briefly describe the rationale, design, procedure, results, and conclusions of their experiment.

Which of the following is a good reason to choose a between-subjects design for an experiment?

A balanced Latin square design ensures that each testing condition is followed and preceded equally often by every other condition.

In Pavlovian conditioning, a light or tune is a/n _________ when first introduced.

In the ABA design, the B is the

Many reinforcements that humans receive come in the form of knowledge of results rather than arbitrary biological reward. Discuss this statement using specific examples.

When Fido was being fed the dry dog food, the sound of the electric can opener was a(n)

An alternating-treatments is designed is used

The primary danger in within-subjects designs is in the presence of

Describe how operant conditioning and classical conditioning could be useful in increasing worker productivity.

For classical conditioning to occur, it is important for the CS _______ the US.

Which of the following is NOT used as a measure of learning in an animal conditioning procedure?

The primary reason why within-subjects designs are preferred over between-subjects designs is that

In animal research, the split-litter technique is used for random-groups designs.

What are the primary advantages and disadvantages of within-subjects and between-subjects designs? What techniques are used to try to help solve some of the problems associated with within-subjects designs?

Negative reinforcement will

The appropriate control for pseudoconditioning is to employ a conditioning group and a control group. The animals in the control group are exposed to the same number of CS and US presentations as the animals in the experimental group, but in the control group

Fido's salivation when he heard the electric can opener is called a(n)

Explanation in Scientific Psychology

Research Techniques: Observation and Correlation

Research Techniques: Experiments

Ethics in Psychological Research

How to Read and Write Research Reports

Psychophysics

Perception

Attention and Reaction Time

Remembering and Forgetting

Thinking and Problem Solving

Individual Differences and Development

Social Psychology

Environmental Psychology

Human Factors

Experimental Psychology: A Historical Sketch

Statistical Reasoning: An Introduction

Filters