Question 1

A psychologist would call Fido's salivating when eating food the

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned response. 
B)  unconditioned stimulus. 
C)  conditioned stimulus. 
D)  shaped response. 
A)  unconditioned response. 
B)  unconditioned stimulus. 
C)  conditioned stimulus. 
D)  shaped response.

Question 2

Conditioning research measures learning in a variety of ways. Among the most common measures are the rate of responding, latency of responding, amplitude of a response, and resistance to extinction. Explain and give an example of each measure.

Accepted Answer

The rate of responding refers to the fre

Question 3

An important dependent variable commonly used in Pavlovian conditioning is the amplitude of the response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Kamin's work on classical conditioning has demonstrated

Accepted Answer

A)  that an unconditioned stimulus (US) and a conditioned stimulus (CS) must only occur together often in order for a conditioned response to the CS to occur. 
B)  that the CS must predict the US reliably in order for conditioning to occur. 
C)  that the CS must follow the US reliably in order for conditioning to occur. 
D)  that the US must precede the CS repeatedly in order for conditioning to occur. 
A)  that an unconditioned stimulus (US) and a conditioned stimulus (CS) must only occur together often in order for a conditioned response to the CS to occur. 
B)  that the CS must predict the US reliably in order for conditioning to occur. 
C)  that the CS must follow the US reliably in order for conditioning to occur. 
D)  that the US must precede the CS repeatedly in order for conditioning to occur.

Question 5

In the ABA design, B refers to the treatment phase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

"If an operant response is made and followed by a reinforcing stimulus, the probability that the response will occur again is increased." This statement defines (the)

Accepted Answer

A)  Law of Parsimony. 
B)  Law of Effect. 
C)  Thorndike's Law. 
D)  Pavlov's reinforcement principle. 
A)  Law of Parsimony. 
B)  Law of Effect. 
C)  Thorndike's Law. 
D)  Pavlov's reinforcement principle.

Question 7

For which of the following situations would a within?subjects design be the more appropriate design?

Accepted Answer

A)  we want to know whether training rats to learn one maze will aid learning a second, different maze 
B)  we want to know whether rats prefer a solution sweetened with sugar more than a solution sweetened with saccharin 
C)  we want to know whether a particular brain lesion will affect a rat's preference for a sweet solution 
D)  we want to know whether ingesting alcohol will increase rats' preference for an alcoholic drink over a non-alcoholic drink 
A)  we want to know whether training rats to learn one maze will aid learning a second, different maze 
B)  we want to know whether rats prefer a solution sweetened with sugar more than a solution sweetened with saccharin 
C)  we want to know whether a particular brain lesion will affect a rat's preference for a sweet solution 
D)  we want to know whether ingesting alcohol will increase rats' preference for an alcoholic drink over a non-alcoholic drink

Question 8

Classical and instrumental conditioning are usually seen as obeying the same principles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Within-subjects designs are usually less sensitive than between-subjects designs in detecting small differences between conditions on the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A between-subjects design with human participants can be less sensitive than a between-subjects design with animals because it is easier to match animal participants on relevant variables than it is to match human participants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In a multiple-baseline design

Accepted Answer

A)  the length of the baseline period is the same for all of the subjects in the experiment. 
B)  the behavior of the subjects is expected to revert to baseline levels after the removal of the independent variable. 
C)  the length of the baseline period is different for different subjects or different behaviors prior to the introduction of the independent variable. 
D)  the occurrence of carryover effects cannot be assessed. 
A)  the length of the baseline period is the same for all of the subjects in the experiment. 
B)  the behavior of the subjects is expected to revert to baseline levels after the removal of the independent variable. 
C)  the length of the baseline period is different for different subjects or different behaviors prior to the introduction of the independent variable. 
D)  the occurrence of carryover effects cannot be assessed.

Question 12

A matched-groups design may be used to equate different groups of participants on certain variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A random-groups design refers to the situation when participants are assigned randomly to between-subjects conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is an advantage of using a between-subjects design?

Accepted Answer

A)  the variability due to participants can be estimated statistically 
B)  there can be no treatment order effects 
C)  a small number of participants is required 
D)  participants serve as their own controls 
A)  the variability due to participants can be estimated statistically 
B)  there can be no treatment order effects 
C)  a small number of participants is required 
D)  participants serve as their own controls

Question 15

Resistance to extinction is a basic measure of the effectiveness of some independent variable on learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Classical conditioning refers to an elevation in the amplitude of the conditioned response that is due to the association between the CS and US.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Disadvantages of using a between-subjects design are treatment order effect cannot be controlled and more participants are usually required.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A psychologist would call Fido's salivating when eating food the

Conditioning research measures learning in a variety of ways. Among the most common measures are the rate of responding, latency of responding, amplitude of a response, and resistance to extinction. Explain and give an example of each measure.

An important dependent variable commonly used in Pavlovian conditioning is the amplitude of the response.

Kamin's work on classical conditioning has demonstrated

In the ABA design, B refers to the treatment phase.

"If an operant response is made and followed by a reinforcing stimulus, the probability that the response will occur again is increased." This statement defines (the)

For which of the following situations would a within?subjects design be the more appropriate design?

Classical and instrumental conditioning are usually seen as obeying the same principles.

Within-subjects designs are usually less sensitive than between-subjects designs in detecting small differences between conditions on the dependent variable.

A between-subjects design with human participants can be less sensitive than a between-subjects design with animals because it is easier to match animal participants on relevant variables than it is to match human participants.

In a multiple-baseline design

A matched-groups design may be used to equate different groups of participants on certain variables.

A random-groups design refers to the situation when participants are assigned randomly to between-subjects conditions.

Which of the following is an advantage of using a between-subjects design?

Resistance to extinction is a basic measure of the effectiveness of some independent variable on learning.

Classical conditioning refers to an elevation in the amplitude of the conditioned response that is due to the association between the CS and US.

Disadvantages of using a between-subjects design are treatment order effect cannot be controlled and more participants are usually required.

Explanation in Scientific Psychology

Research Techniques: Observation and Correlation

Research Techniques: Experiments

Ethics in Psychological Research

How to Read and Write Research Reports

Psychophysics

Perception

Attention and Reaction Time

Remembering and Forgetting

Thinking and Problem Solving

Individual Differences and Development

Social Psychology

Environmental Psychology

Human Factors

Experimental Psychology: A Historical Sketch

Statistical Reasoning: An Introduction

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Exam 9: Learning and Conditioning

A psychologist would call Fido's salivating when eating food the

Conditioning research measures learning in a variety of ways. Among the most common measures are the rate of responding, latency of responding, amplitude of a response, and resistance to extinction. Explain and give an example of each measure.

An important dependent variable commonly used in Pavlovian conditioning is the amplitude of the response.

Kamin's work on classical conditioning has demonstrated

In the ABA design, B refers to the treatment phase.

"If an operant response is made and followed by a reinforcing stimulus, the probability that the response will occur again is increased." This statement defines (the)

For which of the following situations would a within?subjects design be the more appropriate design?

Classical and instrumental conditioning are usually seen as obeying the same principles.

Within-subjects designs are usually less sensitive than between-subjects designs in detecting small differences between conditions on the dependent variable.

A between-subjects design with human participants can be less sensitive than a between-subjects design with animals because it is easier to match animal participants on relevant variables than it is to match human participants.

In a multiple-baseline design

A matched-groups design may be used to equate different groups of participants on certain variables.

A random-groups design refers to the situation when participants are assigned randomly to between-subjects conditions.

Which of the following is an advantage of using a between-subjects design?

Resistance to extinction is a basic measure of the effectiveness of some independent variable on learning.

Classical conditioning refers to an elevation in the amplitude of the conditioned response that is due to the association between the CS and US.

Disadvantages of using a between-subjects design are treatment order effect cannot be controlled and more participants are usually required.

Explanation in Scientific Psychology

Research Techniques: Observation and Correlation

Research Techniques: Experiments

Ethics in Psychological Research

How to Read and Write Research Reports

Psychophysics

Perception

Attention and Reaction Time

Remembering and Forgetting

Thinking and Problem Solving

Individual Differences and Development

Social Psychology

Environmental Psychology

Human Factors

Experimental Psychology: A Historical Sketch

Statistical Reasoning: An Introduction

Filters