Exam 12: The Urinary System

Indicate whether the portion of the tubule in question is permeable or impermeable to the substance in question by using the following answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all). a.permeable b.impermeable *____ The ascending limb of Henle's loop is ______ to H₂O. *____ The descending limb of Henle's loop is ______ to H₂O. *____ The vasa recta is ______ to salt and ______ to H₂O. *____ The distal and collecting tubules in the absence of vasopressin are ______ to H₂O. *____ The distal and collecting tubules in the presence of vasopressin are ______ to H₂O.

Match the urinary system feature with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -reabsorbed when H⁺ is secreted

The receptor sites for vasopressin binding are located on the basolateral border,yet the end result is an increase in H₂O permeability of the luminal border of the tubular cells.

____________________ renal failure has a rapid onset but may be reversible; ____________________ renal failure is slow,progressive,and irreversible.

The secretion of vasopressin increases if the extracellular fluid becomes hypertonic.

If the Tm for substance X is 200 mg/min,____________________(how much)of the substance will be reabsorbed at a plasma concentration of 200 mg/100 mL and a GFR of 125 mL/min? ____________________(how much)of substance X will be excreted.

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -Decreased vasopressin secretion _____ H₂O reabsorption.

What happens when blood volume becomes abnormally low?

Which statement regarding tubular reabsorption is NOT true?

Which statement regarding tubular maximum (Tm)is correct?

When urine is eliminated from the body,the sphincter muscles in the urethra relax.

Which statement is correct for reabsorption of chloride?

____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

Which statement is correct for glomerular filtration rate? The glomerular filtration rate _____.

Changes in the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid are detected by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus.

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -Decreased Na⁺ in body fluids (Na⁺ depletion)_____ renin secretion.

Which statement regarding the juxtaglomerular apparatus is NOT true?

What segment of the nephron is NOT permeable to H₂O even in the presence of vasopressin?

During the micturition reflex,the motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is stimulated.

The Na⁺ cotransport system in the proximal tubule facilitates elimination of foreign organic compounds from the body.