Exam 12: The Urinary System

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -Increased renin secretion _____ angiotensin I activation.

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase or a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -a precipitous fall in arterial blood pressure as during a haemorrhage

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -its secretion is directly stimulated by a low plasma K⁺ concentration

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -urinary bladder

What are the pathological effects of renal failure?

What enable the kidneys to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes depending on the body's needs?

____________________ percent of the renal tissue can adequately perform all excretory and regulatory functions of the kidney.

What is the location of the Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption?

Because of autoregulation,changes in mean arterial blood pressure between the range of 80 to 180 mm Hg do not directly produce changes in the GFR.

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -Increased vasopressin secretion _____ Na⁺ reabsorption.

Which statement is NOT true for the macula densa?

What is the major waste product of nitrogen metabolism?

The specialized cells of the ____________________ within the ____________________ detect changes in the rate at which fluid is flowing past them through the tubule.In response,they secrete vasoactive chemicals that influence the GFR by making adjustments in the calibre of the ____________________ arterioles.This is known as the ____________________ feedback mechanism.

For a substance to be actively reabsorbed,all of the steps of transepithelial transport require energy expenditure.

A plasma clearance of 135 mL/min for a substance when the GFR is 125 mL/min indicates that net secretion of the substance occurs.

The plasma clearance of a substance can be used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)if that substance is freely filtered at the glomerulus and which?

Which statement with regards to vasopressin is NOT true?

Which statement is NOT true for extrinsic control of the GFR?

When tubular fluid enters the distal tubule,it is hypotonic.

When the bladder wall is distended as a result of urine accumulation,the stretch receptors are stimulated and send afferent impulses to the spinal cord.Which of the following statements of the afferent impulses is NOT true?