Question 1

____________________ percent of the filtered H₂O is variably reabsorbed under the control of the hormone ____________________ in the distal and collecting tubules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ percent of the filtered H₂O is...

Question 2

Which nephron structure is especially important in the kidney's ability to produce urine of varying concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bowman's capsule 
B)  proximal tubule 
C)  distal tubule 
D)  loop of Henle 
A)  Bowman's capsule 
B)  proximal tubule 
C)  distal tubule 
D)  loop of Henle

Question 3

The secretion of aldosterone stimulates the tubular reabsorption of sodium and the tubular secretion of potassium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which statement regarding angiotensin I is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is formed as a result of activation of angiotensinogen by renin. 
B)  It is transformed into angiotensin II as a result of converting enzyme action in the lungs. 
C)  It acts on the adrenal cortex to stimulate aldosterone secretion. 
A)  It is formed as a result of activation of angiotensinogen by renin. 
B)  It is transformed into angiotensin II as a result of converting enzyme action in the lungs. 
C)  It acts on the adrenal cortex to stimulate aldosterone secretion.

Question 5

The glomerular capillary blood pressure in the nephron is 78 mm Hg.The Bowman's capsular hydrostatic pressure is 24 mm Hg.The colloidal osmotic pressure is 18 mm Hg.What is the net filtration pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  18 mm Hg 
B)  26 mm Hg 
C)  36 mm Hg 
D)  42 mm Hg 
A)  18 mm Hg 
B)  26 mm Hg 
C)  36 mm Hg 
D)  42 mm Hg

Question 6

What are vasa recta associated with?

Accepted Answer

A)  afferent arterioles 
B)  efferent arterioles 
C)  cortical nephrons 
D)  juxtamedullary nephron 
A)  afferent arterioles 
B)  efferent arterioles 
C)  cortical nephrons 
D)  juxtamedullary nephron

Question 7

The functional unit of the kidneys is the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The functional unit of the kidneys is...

Question 8

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code:
-renal pelvis

Accepted Answer

A) collecting tubules empty into this structure 
B) stores the urine 
C) passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen 
D) carries blood to the glomerulus 
E) tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate
F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule
G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis
H)collects the glomerular filtrate
I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries
J)functional unit of the kidney
K)supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients
L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network
M)tube through which urine leaves the body
N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control
O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney
P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here 
A) collecting tubules empty into this structure 
B) stores the urine 
C) passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen 
D) carries blood to the glomerulus 
E) tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate
F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule
G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis
H)collects the glomerular filtrate
I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries
J)functional unit of the kidney
K)supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients
L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network
M)tube through which urine leaves the body
N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control
O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney
P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Question 10

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-inhibits Na⁺ reabsorption by the renal tubules

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide 
A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 11

The renal threshold represents the maximum amount of a particular substance that the tubular cells are capable of actively reabsorbing per unit of time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In the kidney,blood is filtered in the cortex,drains through the renal pelvis into the renal medulla,and from there travels in the ureter to the urinary bladder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase or a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-a reduction in ECF volume

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in Na+ reabsorption 
B) a decrease in Na+ reabsorption 
A) an increase in Na+ reabsorption 
B) a decrease in Na+ reabsorption

Question 14

What happens to the concentration of tubular fluid as it flows up the ascending loop of Henle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its concentration remains unchanged. 
B)  Its concentration increases. 
C)  Its concentration decreases. 
D)  Its concentration decreases only if ADH is present. 
A)  Its concentration remains unchanged. 
B)  Its concentration increases. 
C)  Its concentration decreases. 
D)  Its concentration decreases only if ADH is present.

Question 15

MATCHING
Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code:
-tubular secretion

Accepted Answer

A) movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
B) movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
C) everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed 
D) movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood 
A) movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
B) movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
C) everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed 
D) movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood

Question 16

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code:
-glomerulus

Accepted Answer

A) collecting tubules empty into this structure 
B) stores the urine 
C) passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen 
D) carries blood to the glomerulus 
E) tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate
F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule
G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis
H)collects the glomerular filtrate
I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries
J)functional unit of the kidney
K)supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients
L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network
M)tube through which urine leaves the body
N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control
O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney
P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here 
A) collecting tubules empty into this structure 
B) stores the urine 
C) passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen 
D) carries blood to the glomerulus 
E) tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate
F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule
G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis
H)collects the glomerular filtrate
I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries
J)functional unit of the kidney
K)supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients
L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network
M)tube through which urine leaves the body
N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control
O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney
P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Question 17

The vast majority of the filtered fluid is reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The glomerular capillary blood pressure is higher than capillary pressure elsewhere in the body primarily because the afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than the efferent arteriole.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The ____________________ transforms many foreign organic compounds into ionic form,which facilitates their elimination from the body because such conversion enables them to be secreted by the organic anion transport system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ transforms many foreign organic compounds...

Question 20

Which statement regarding the juxtaglomerular apparatus is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It secretes renin in response to sodium depletion or plasma volume reduction. 
B)  It is a thickened region of specialized cells at a point where the distal tubule comes into intimate contact with the afferent and efferent arterioles of the same nephron. 
C)  It is where reabsorption of sodium occurs. 
A)  It secretes renin in response to sodium depletion or plasma volume reduction. 
B)  It is a thickened region of specialized cells at a point where the distal tubule comes into intimate contact with the afferent and efferent arterioles of the same nephron. 
C)  It is where reabsorption of sodium occurs.

percent of the filtered H₂O is variably reabsorbed under the control of the hormone in the distal and collecting tubules.

Which nephron structure is especially important in the kidney's ability to produce urine of varying concentration?

The secretion of aldosterone stimulates the tubular reabsorption of sodium and the tubular secretion of potassium.

Which statement regarding angiotensin I is NOT true?

The glomerular capillary blood pressure in the nephron is 78 mm Hg.The Bowman's capsular hydrostatic pressure is 24 mm Hg.The colloidal osmotic pressure is 18 mm Hg.What is the net filtration pressure?

What are vasa recta associated with?

The functional unit of the kidneys is the ____________________.

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -renal pelvis

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -inhibits Na⁺ reabsorption by the renal tubules

The renal threshold represents the maximum amount of a particular substance that the tubular cells are capable of actively reabsorbing per unit of time.

In the kidney,blood is filtered in the cortex,drains through the renal pelvis into the renal medulla,and from there travels in the ureter to the urinary bladder.

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase or a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -a reduction in ECF volume

What happens to the concentration of tubular fluid as it flows up the ascending loop of Henle?

MATCHING Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular secretion

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -glomerulus

The vast majority of the filtered fluid is reabsorbed.

The glomerular capillary blood pressure is higher than capillary pressure elsewhere in the body primarily because the afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than the efferent arteriole.

The ____________________ transforms many foreign organic compounds into ionic form,which facilitates their elimination from the body because such conversion enables them to be secreted by the organic anion transport system.

Which statement regarding the juxtaglomerular apparatus is NOT true?

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Principals of Endocrinology; The Central Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 12: The Urinary System

____________________ percent of the filtered H₂O is variably reabsorbed under the control of the hormone ____________________ in the distal and collecting tubules.

Which nephron structure is especially important in the kidney's ability to produce urine of varying concentration?

The secretion of aldosterone stimulates the tubular reabsorption of sodium and the tubular secretion of potassium.

Which statement regarding angiotensin I is NOT true?

The glomerular capillary blood pressure in the nephron is 78 mm Hg.The Bowman's capsular hydrostatic pressure is 24 mm Hg.The colloidal osmotic pressure is 18 mm Hg.What is the net filtration pressure?

What are vasa recta associated with?

The functional unit of the kidneys is the ____________________.

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -renal pelvis

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -inhibits Na⁺ reabsorption by the renal tubules

The renal threshold represents the maximum amount of a particular substance that the tubular cells are capable of actively reabsorbing per unit of time.

In the kidney,blood is filtered in the cortex,drains through the renal pelvis into the renal medulla,and from there travels in the ureter to the urinary bladder.

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase or a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -a reduction in ECF volume

What happens to the concentration of tubular fluid as it flows up the ascending loop of Henle?

MATCHING Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular secretion

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -glomerulus

The vast majority of the filtered fluid is reabsorbed.

The glomerular capillary blood pressure is higher than capillary pressure elsewhere in the body primarily because the afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than the efferent arteriole.

The ____________________ transforms many foreign organic compounds into ionic form,which facilitates their elimination from the body because such conversion enables them to be secreted by the organic anion transport system.

Which statement regarding the juxtaglomerular apparatus is NOT true?

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Principals of Endocrinology; The Central Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

percent of the filtered H₂O is variably reabsorbed under the control of the hormone in the distal and collecting tubules.