Question 1

The theories of all of the following are organismistic except

Accepted Answer

A) Bandura. 
B) Freud. 
C) Erikson. 
D) Piaget. 
A) Bandura. 
B) Freud. 
C) Erikson. 
D) Piaget.

Question 2

In Erikson's developmental stages, the early childhood stage of initiative versus guilt is followed by the middle childhood stage of

Accepted Answer

A) identity versus identity confusion. 
B) intimacy versus isolation. 
C) generativity versus stagnation. 
D) industry versus inferiority. 
A) identity versus identity confusion. 
B) intimacy versus isolation. 
C) generativity versus stagnation. 
D) industry versus inferiority.

Question 3

Infants lose their stepping reflex as a result of

Accepted Answer

A) maturation of the brain. 
B) interaction among maturation, the increasing weight of an infant's body, and gravity. 
C) maturation of an infant's body 
D) preparation to begin crawling, which occurs before walking 
A) maturation of the brain. 
B) interaction among maturation, the increasing weight of an infant's body, and gravity. 
C) maturation of an infant's body 
D) preparation to begin crawling, which occurs before walking

Question 4

Which of the following four key capabilities that Bandura described involves the adoption of standards of acceptable behavior for oneself?

Accepted Answer

A) symbolism 
B) forethought 
C) self-regulation 
D) self-reflection 
A) symbolism 
B) forethought 
C) self-regulation 
D) self-reflection

Question 5

Which of the following would Vygotsky not consider a psychological tool of intellectual adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A) works of art 
B) computers 
C) algebraic symbols 
D) maps 
A) works of art 
B) computers 
C) algebraic symbols 
D) maps

Question 6

Bronfenbrenner emphasized that a child's objective environment is not as important to development as is his or her

Accepted Answer

A) subjective environment. 
B) support systems. 
C) cognitive abilities. 
D) role models. 
A) subjective environment. 
B) support systems. 
C) cognitive abilities. 
D) role models.

Question 7

___ prepares children's minds for thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) Imitation 
B) Guided learning 
C) Neonatal reflexes 
D) Language 
A) Imitation 
B) Guided learning 
C) Neonatal reflexes 
D) Language

Question 8

Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky's approach to development is considered to be contemporary. When did he die?

Accepted Answer

A) in the 1930s 
B) in the 1950s 
C) in the 1980s 
D) in the early part of this century 
A) in the 1930s 
B) in the 1950s 
C) in the 1980s 
D) in the early part of this century

Question 9

Before humans settled down into an agricultural lifestyle, the infant mortality rate was probably about

Accepted Answer

A) 5%. 
B) 20%. 
C) 35%. 
D) 50%. 
A) 5%. 
B) 20%. 
C) 35%. 
D) 50%.

Question 10

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, all the social systems that children are not regularly part of, but that still influence their lives are part of the

Accepted Answer

A) exosystem. 
B) macrosystem. 
C) mesosystem. 
D) chronosystem. 
A) exosystem. 
B) macrosystem. 
C) mesosystem. 
D) chronosystem.

Question 11

In terms of how it is used, a theory is best compared to a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) experiment. 
B) computer. 
C) roadmap. 
D) brain. 
A) experiment. 
B) computer. 
C) roadmap. 
D) brain.

Question 12

American mothers talk about the past with their 3-year-old children more often than Korean mothers do, American children speak about past events more than Korean children do, and American adults remember earlier childhood events than Korean adults do. What does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

A) Early language experience contributes to the onset of autobiographical memory. 
B) Early language experience contributes to adults' being more talkative. 
C) Listening and speaking skills develop in a parallel manner. 
D) Americans consider past events to be more important than Koreans do. 
A) Early language experience contributes to the onset of autobiographical memory. 
B) Early language experience contributes to adults' being more talkative. 
C) Listening and speaking skills develop in a parallel manner. 
D) Americans consider past events to be more important than Koreans do.

Question 13

Bronfenbrenner emphasized that the objective environment is not as important as the subjective environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Although Freud was Erikson's mentor, Erikson believed that Freud's theory had a shortcoming in that it

Accepted Answer

A) did not have a progression of psychosexual development. 
B) did not have a progression of psychosocial development. 
C) did not put enough emphasis on the unconscious. 
D) did not consider the three-part structure of the mind. 
A) did not have a progression of psychosexual development. 
B) did not have a progression of psychosocial development. 
C) did not put enough emphasis on the unconscious. 
D) did not consider the three-part structure of the mind.

Question 15

Applied behavioral analysis is based on

Accepted Answer

A) Pavlov's research on classical conditioning. 
B) Skinner's research on operant conditioning. 
C) Piaget's research on the concept of conservation. 
D) Freud's research on the id and ego. 
A) Pavlov's research on classical conditioning. 
B) Skinner's research on operant conditioning. 
C) Piaget's research on the concept of conservation. 
D) Freud's research on the id and ego.

Question 16

Who was an active proponent of the Head Start Program, the most ambitious compensatory preschool education program ever run in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) Vygotsky 
B) Skinner 
C) Piaget 
D) Brofenbrenner 
A) Vygotsky 
B) Skinner 
C) Piaget 
D) Brofenbrenner

Question 17

Vygotsky believed that the main source of development is

Accepted Answer

A) culture. 
B) evolution. 
C) biology. 
D) the environment. 
A) culture. 
B) evolution. 
C) biology. 
D) the environment.

Question 18

Many educators believe that positive reinforcement can be more effective than punishment because

Accepted Answer

A) positive reinforcement make children feel special. 
B) punishment can diminish the possibility of undesirable behavior. 
C) punishment does not direct children to what they should be doing. 
D) punishment is considered to be a form of abuse. 
A) positive reinforcement make children feel special. 
B) punishment can diminish the possibility of undesirable behavior. 
C) punishment does not direct children to what they should be doing. 
D) punishment is considered to be a form of abuse.

Question 19

The advent of humans' settling in places and adopting a sedentary lifestyle based on agriculture, about 10,000 years ago, allowed people to

Accepted Answer

A) specialize in various skills. 
B) hunt more often. 
C) socialize more often. 
D) have more children. 
A) specialize in various skills. 
B) hunt more often. 
C) socialize more often. 
D) have more children.

Question 20

Which theorist was primarily concerned with how people develop a sense of identity?

Accepted Answer

A) Skinner 
B) Erikson 
C) Vygotsky 
D) Freud 
A) Skinner 
B) Erikson 
C) Vygotsky 
D) Freud

The theories of all of the following are organismistic except

In Erikson's developmental stages, the early childhood stage of initiative versus guilt is followed by the middle childhood stage of

Infants lose their stepping reflex as a result of

Which of the following four key capabilities that Bandura described involves the adoption of standards of acceptable behavior for oneself?

Which of the following would Vygotsky not consider a psychological tool of intellectual adaptation?

Bronfenbrenner emphasized that a child's objective environment is not as important to development as is his or her

___ prepares children's minds for thinking.

Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky's approach to development is considered to be contemporary. When did he die?

Before humans settled down into an agricultural lifestyle, the infant mortality rate was probably about

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, all the social systems that children are not regularly part of, but that still influence their lives are part of the

In terms of how it is used, a theory is best compared to a(n)

American mothers talk about the past with their 3-year-old children more often than Korean mothers do, American children speak about past events more than Korean children do, and American adults remember earlier childhood events than Korean adults do. What does this suggest?

Bronfenbrenner emphasized that the objective environment is not as important as the subjective environment.

Although Freud was Erikson's mentor, Erikson believed that Freud's theory had a shortcoming in that it

Applied behavioral analysis is based on

Who was an active proponent of the Head Start Program, the most ambitious compensatory preschool education program ever run in the United States?

Vygotsky believed that the main source of development is

Many educators believe that positive reinforcement can be more effective than punishment because

The advent of humans' settling in places and adopting a sedentary lifestyle based on agriculture, about 10,000 years ago, allowed people to

Which theorist was primarily concerned with how people develop a sense of identity?

Introduction to Child and Adolescent Development

Genetics, Prenatal Development, and the Neonate

Physical Development

What Do Infants Know and When and How Do They Know It

The Symbolic Child: Piagets Theory and Beyond

Understanding Self and Others

Becoming Self-Directed Thinkers: Problem Solving and Memory

Language Development

Intelligence and School Achievement

Emotion, Temperament, and Personality Development

Attachment and Early Parent-Child Care

The Family and Other Contexts for Socialization

Competing and Cooperating With Peers

The Development of Sexuality and Gender Identity

Filters

Exam 2: Theories and Contexts of Development

The theories of all of the following are organismistic except

In Erikson's developmental stages, the early childhood stage of initiative versus guilt is followed by the middle childhood stage of

Infants lose their stepping reflex as a result of

Which of the following four key capabilities that Bandura described involves the adoption of standards of acceptable behavior for oneself?

Which of the following would Vygotsky not consider a psychological tool of intellectual adaptation?

Bronfenbrenner emphasized that a child's objective environment is not as important to development as is his or her

___ prepares children's minds for thinking.

Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky's approach to development is considered to be contemporary. When did he die?

Before humans settled down into an agricultural lifestyle, the infant mortality rate was probably about

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, all the social systems that children are not regularly part of, but that still influence their lives are part of the

In terms of how it is used, a theory is best compared to a(n)

American mothers talk about the past with their 3-year-old children more often than Korean mothers do, American children speak about past events more than Korean children do, and American adults remember earlier childhood events than Korean adults do. What does this suggest?

Bronfenbrenner emphasized that the objective environment is not as important as the subjective environment.

Although Freud was Erikson's mentor, Erikson believed that Freud's theory had a shortcoming in that it

Applied behavioral analysis is based on

Who was an active proponent of the Head Start Program, the most ambitious compensatory preschool education program ever run in the United States?

Vygotsky believed that the main source of development is

Many educators believe that positive reinforcement can be more effective than punishment because

The advent of humans' settling in places and adopting a sedentary lifestyle based on agriculture, about 10,000 years ago, allowed people to

Which theorist was primarily concerned with how people develop a sense of identity?

Introduction to Child and Adolescent Development

Genetics, Prenatal Development, and the Neonate

Physical Development

What Do Infants Know and When and How Do They Know It

The Symbolic Child: Piagets Theory and Beyond

Understanding Self and Others

Becoming Self-Directed Thinkers: Problem Solving and Memory

Language Development

Intelligence and School Achievement

Emotion, Temperament, and Personality Development

Attachment and Early Parent-Child Care

The Family and Other Contexts for Socialization

Competing and Cooperating With Peers

The Development of Sexuality and Gender Identity

Filters